Abstract: A high frequency heating apparatus which heats a substrate by applying high frequency waves thereto. The high frequency heating apparatus includes a high frequency generator which generates high frequency to heat the substrate. The distance from the substrate to the high frequency generator is n/2*?, where n is a natural number ranging from 1 to 6, and ? is the wavelength of the high frequency that is generated by the high frequency generator.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the light extraction efficiency of the OLED, a method of fabricating the same and an OLED including the same. The light extraction substrate is disposed on one surface of an OLED through which light generated from the OLED is emitted outward, and includes a base substrate and a light extraction layer formed on the base substrate. The light extraction layer has therein a plurality of pores which is formed on the base substrate such that the base substrate forms a bottom surface of the plurality of pores.

Abstract: An apparatus for chemically toughening glass which can toughen the surface of the glass by inducing compressive stress on the glass surface through ion exchange and a method of chemically toughening glass using the same. The apparatus includes a chemical toughening bath which chemically toughens the glass; a transportation part which transports the glass from upstream of the chemical toughening bath through the chemical toughening bath to downstream of the chemical toughening bath; and a microwave generator disposed above the chemical toughening bath, the microwave generator radiating microwaves to the glass.

Abstract: A substrate for an organic light-emitting device which can improve the light extraction efficiency of an organic light-emitting device while realizing an intended level of transmittance, a method of fabricating the same, and an organic light-emitting device having the same. Light emitted from the OLED is emitted outward through the substrate. The substrate includes a substrate body and a number of crystallized particles disposed inside the substrate body, the number of crystallized particles forming a pattern inside the substrate body.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring transmissivity of a patterned glass substrate. A beam radiator radiates a laser beam. A collimation lens collimates the laser beam radiated from the laser beam radiator. A beam expander expands a size of the laser beam collimated by the collimation lens. A detector has a light-receiving section, which receives the laser beam that has passed through the patterned glass substrate after having been expanded by the beam expander. A measuring instrument measures a transmissivity of the patterned glass substrate using the laser beam received by the detector.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass. A transportation unit transports a glass substrate that is intended to be tempered. An ionizer ionizes alkali oxides in the glass substrate by radiating energy onto the glass substrate. A dielectric heating unit increases the temperature of the inner portion of the glass substrate in which the alkali oxides are ionized by the ionizer.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the light extraction efficiency of the OLED, a method of fabricating the same and an OLED including the same. The light extraction substrate is disposed on one surface of an OLED through which light generated from the OLED is emitted outward, and includes a base substrate and a light extraction layer formed on the base substrate. The light extraction layer has therein a plurality of pores which is formed on the base substrate such that the base substrate forms a bottom surface of the plurality of pores.

Abstract: A light extraction substrate for an organic light-emitting device (OLED) which can improve the light extraction efficiency of an OLED, a method of fabricating the same and an OLED including the same. The light extraction substrate is disposed on one surface of an OLED through which light generated from the OLED is emitted outward. The light extraction substrate includes a base substrate, a light extraction layer disposed on the base substrate, and a number of crystallization particles disposed inside the light extraction layer. The light extraction layer is made of a glass frit that has a composition including ZnO, B2O3, SiO2, MgO and Bi2O3.

Abstract: A substrate for an organic light-emitting device which can improve the light extraction efficiency of an organic light-emitting device while realizing an intended level of transmittance, a method of fabricating the same, and an organic light-emitting device having the same. Light emitted from the OLED is emitted outward through the substrate. The substrate includes a substrate body and a number of crystallized particles disposed inside the substrate body, the number of crystallized particles forming a pattern inside the substrate body.

Abstract: An apparatus for chemically toughening glass which can toughen the surface of the glass by inducing compressive stress on the glass surface through ion exchange and a method of chemically toughening glass using the same. The apparatus includes a chemical toughening bath which chemically toughens the glass; a transportation part which transports the glass from upstream of the chemical toughening bath through the chemical toughening bath to downstream of the chemical toughening bath; and a microwave generator disposed above the chemical toughening bath, the microwave generator radiating microwaves to the glass.

Abstract: A high frequency heating apparatus which heats a substrate by applying high frequency waves thereto. The high frequency heating apparatus includes a high frequency generator which generates high frequency to heat the substrate. The distance from the substrate to the high frequency generator is n/2*?, where n is a natural number ranging from 1 to 6, and ? is the wavelength of the high frequency that is generated by the high frequency generator.

Abstract: A high frequency heating apparatus which heats a substrate by applying high frequency waves. The high frequency heating apparatus includes a high frequency generator which generates high frequency to heat the substrate and a reflector which reflects the high frequency generated by the high frequency generator toward the substrate.

Abstract: A method of tempering glass and an apparatus for tempering glass, in which a heater is used and high frequency is generated. The method includes a heating step of heating a piece of glass using a heater and a high frequency generator and a cooling step of cooling the piece of glass by quenching.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass. A transportation unit transports a glass substrate that is intended to be tempered. An ionizer ionizes alkali oxides in the glass substrate by radiating energy onto the glass substrate. A dielectric heating unit increases the temperature of the inner portion of the glass substrate in which the alkali oxides are ionized by the ionizer.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass. A heating unit heats a glass substrate that is intended to be tempered. A pattern-forming unit forms a pattern on a surface of the glass substrate heated by the heating unit. A dielectric heating unit increases the temperature of the inner portion of the glass substrate, on which the pattern is formed by the pattern-forming unit. A cooling unit cools the glass substrate, the inside temperature of which is increased by the dielectric heating unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring transmissivity of a patterned glass substrate. A beam radiator radiates a laser beam. A collimation lens collimates the laser beam radiated from the laser beam radiator. A beam expander expands a size of the laser beam collimated by the collimation lens. A detector has a light-receiving section, which receives the laser beam that has passed through the patterned glass substrate after having been expanded by the beam expander. A measuring section measures a transmissivity of the patterned glass substrate using the laser beam received by the detector.