Abstract: Mineral-bound starch products are provided for enhanced absorption of nutrient minerals. The mineral-bound starch products are prepared by binding biologically active minerals to phosphorylated cross-linked starch. The mineral-bound starch products are stable against heating in hot water followed by washing processes, but able to release bound minerals after digestion.

Abstract: High protein expanded products are produced by extrusion with unique blends of ingredients, such as wheat protein isolates, modified wheat starch, salts, gums and moisture. The mixture is extruded in a twin-screw extruder with the temperatures in the range of 50 to 140° C., screw speeds of 250 to 450 rpm and with a back pressure of 350 to 1200 psi for different recipes. A range of expanded wheat crisps and other expanded products with wheat protein contents ranging from 30 to 90% are obtained from this process. The expanded products have good cell structure with varying cell sizes when viewed under a microscope. This process can be used to develop a varied range of products such as, wheat crisps, wheat curls, wheat loops etc. The products may be used in nutritional or health bars and other comestible having a high protein and low carbohydrate content.

Abstract: A high-protein, low-carbohydrate bakery product comprising a first proteinaceous ingredient and a second proteinaceous ingredient selected from the group consisting of wheat protein isolate, wheat protein concentrate, devitalized wheat gluten, fractionated wheat protein, deamidated wheat gluten, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and combinations thereof are provided. Preferred bakery products further comprise an amount of resistant starch which replaces a portion of digestible carbohydrate therein.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining a positioning measurement interval in a wireless communication system are disclosed. The method includes acquiring a message including Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) related data in a higher layer, wherein the OTDOA related data includes a plurality of cell identifiers and Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) configuration information of corresponding cells, transmitting the ODTOA related data to a physical layer from the higher layer, and determining the RSTD measurement interval by the following Equation by using a plurality of cell-specific PRS periods obtained using the PRS configuration information in the physical layer: TRSTD=TPRS·(M?1)+? where TRSTD denotes the length of the RSTD measurement interval, TPRS denotes the largest of the plurality of cell-specific PRS periods, M denotes the number of PRS positioning occasions, and ? denotes a measurement time for one PRS positioning occasion.

Abstract: A cell measurement method of a User Equipment (UE) is disclosed. The cell measurement method may include receiving a radio resource configuration dedicated Information Element (IE) and a measurement object from a serving cell. The radio resource configuration dedicated IE may include first information about a measurement resource restriction pattern for a first cell and the measurement object may include a neighbor cell configuration IE for indicating MBMS Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) configurations of one or more neighbor cells. The measurement object may further include second information about a resource restriction pattern indicating subframes on which restriction is imposed in Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) or Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) measurements of one or more neighbor cells and a list of one or more neighbor cells to which the second information is applied.

Abstract: A method of determining a position in a wireless communication system and apparatus thereof are disclosed. The present invention includes receiving system information including information on a reference cell and at least one neighbor cell from a location server, receiving positioning reference signals (PRSs) from the reference cell and the at least one neighbor cell using the system information, measuring reference signal time difference (RSTD) of each of the at least one neighbor cell for the reference cell, and transmitting the at least one measured RSTD to the location server. And, the RSTD is a relative timing difference between two cells. Moreover, the system information includes at least one cell for obtaining a system frame number (SFN) by the UE, as the reference cell or the at least one neighbor cell.

Abstract: A high-protein, low-carbohydrate bakery product comprising a first proteinaceous ingredient and a second proteinaceous ingredient selected from the group consisting of wheat protein isolate, wheat protein concentrate, devitalized wheat gluten, fractionated wheat protein, deamidated wheat gluten, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and combinations thereof are provided. Preferred bakery products further comprise an amount of resistant starch which replaces a portion of digestible carbohydrate therein.

Abstract: Interacted starch products made up of resistant starch and hydrocolloid are provided which exhibit at least about 20% resistance to ?-amylase digestion. The products are prepared by mixing together quantities of resistant starch and hydrocolloid in water with mixing and optional heating, followed by drying. Foods containing the interacted starch products are also disclosed.

Abstract: Interacted starch products made up of resistant starch and hydrocolloid are provided which exhibit at least about 20% resistance to ?-amylase digestion. The products are prepared by mixing together quantities of resistant starch and hydrocolloid in water with mixing and optional heating, followed by drying. Foods containing the interacted starch products are also disclosed.

Abstract: A high-protein, low-carbohydrate bakery product comprising a first proteinaceous ingredient and a second proteinaceous ingredient selected from the group consisting of wheat protein isolate, wheat protein concentrate, devitalized wheat gluten, fractionated wheat protein, deamidated wheat gluten, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and combinations thereof are provided. Preferred bakery products further comprise an amount of resistant starch which replaces a portion of digestible carbohydrate therein.

Abstract: Improved starch-metal derivatives are provided which have excellent dry flow characteristics and ready dispersability in hot or cold water. The preferred derivatives comprise granules of starch which have been expanded or preswelled and cross-linked, followed by reaction with a polyvalent metal salt, especially salts of Ca, Mg, Zn Cu and Al.

Abstract: Starch-lipid composites are prepared by heat treatment of thermally stable granular starch with lipids under controlled conditions. The granular starch-lipid composites display unique properties including excellent cold and hot water swelling characteristics and the formation of stable emulsions. The products are useful as dispersing agents, thickening agents, fat substitutes and carriers for lipid-soluble active ingredients in foods, personal care and pharmaceutical applications.

Abstract: Mineral-bound starch products are provided for enhanced absorption of nutrient minerals. The mineral-bound starch products are prepared by binding biologically active minerals to phosphorylated cross-linked starch. The mineral-bound starch products are stable against heating in hot water followed by washing processes, but able to release bound minerals after digestion.

Abstract: A small-granule aluminum starch octenylsuccinate (ASO) derivative having a distribution of starch granules with a mean diameter of between 4.5 ?m and 8.9 ?m is disclosed herein. The small-granule ASO may be used in a wide variety of personal care formulations.

Abstract: High protein expanded products are produced by extrusion with unique blends of ingredients, such as wheat protein isolates, modified wheat starch, salts, gums and moisture. The mixture is extruded in a twin-screw extruder with the temperatures in the range of 50 to 140° C., screw speeds of 250 to 450 rpm and with a back pressure of 350 to 1200 psi for different recipes. A range of expanded wheat crisps and other expanded products with wheat protein contents ranging from 30 to 90% are obtained from this process. The expanded products have good cell structure with varying cell sizes when viewed under a microscope. This process can be used to develop a varied range of products such as, wheat crisps, wheat curls, wheat loops etc. The products may be used in nutritional or health bars and other comestible having a high protein and low carbohydrate content.

Abstract: Injection molded starch-based chew products are provided which are tough, non-brittle, non-slimy, quick to hydrate, low calorie and high in total dietary fiber. The starch-based chew products are formulated from a combination of resistant starch and pregelatinized starch or pre-cooked flour along with plasticizer, water, lubricants and other optional ingredients.

Abstract: Pregelatinized forms of chemically modified resistant starches are provided which have a high degree of resistance to ?-amylase digestion, fat-like texture and outstanding freeze-thaw stability. The starch products are formed as distarch phosphodiesters that undergo melting of the crystalline phase by heating above their gelatinization temperature. The products maintain a granular morphology that produces a smooth texture. The pregelatinized resistant starches may be used in various food products, where they lend high dietary fiber, low fat and/or low calorie characteristics to the product.

Abstract: The present invention generally pertains to new and useful pasta and noodle products with high-fiber and high-protein contents. The pasta and noodle products are made from non-traditional materials comprising a synthetic flour mixture. The synthetic flour mixture includes a resistant starch, having a total dietary fiber content between about 10% and about 70%, and a protein source.

Abstract: A rapidly-hydratable oxidized resistant starch having a cold-water hydration at least 20% greater than the resistant starch before oxidation, makeable by oxidation with an oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of periodate, chromic acid, permanganate, nitrogen dioxide, and alkali metal hypochlorites. The starch may be made by a process for preparing a rapidly-hydratable resistant starch comprising the steps of swelling starch granules in the presence of alkali and/or heat, dispersing at least one cross-linking agent, mixing said dispersion, adding an oxidizing agent to said dispersion, and agitating said dispersion.

Abstract: Conventional food compositions for use in making baked goods and extruded food products are improved by reducing the carbohydrate content. This is done by substituting the conventional flour in whole or in part by a combination of starch that is resistant to amylase digestion and/or from about 1-150 baker's percent of a first proteinaceous ingredient comprising at least about 70% by weight protein, and a second proteinaceous ingredient selected from the group consisting of (i) between about 0.5-100 baker's percent of a wheat protein isolate product; (ii), between about 0.5-100 baker's percent of a wheat protein concentrate product; (iii) between about 0.5-100 baker's percent of a devitalized wheat gluten product; (iv) between about 0.5-20 baker's percent of a fractionated wheat protein product; (v) between about 0.5-20 baker's percent of a deamidated wheat gluten product; (vi) between about 0.5-30 baker's percent of a hydrolyzed wheat protein product; and (vii) any combination of ingredients (i) to (vi).