Abstract: A method of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) imaging includes: for a region of interest, sampling the concentration of a tracer liquid in a fluid over a time interval to arrive at a plurality of samples; fitting the plurality of samples to a plurality of multi-compartment mamillary pharmacokinetic models, each of the plurality of models modelling fluid flow in a number of interstitial compartments about a central compartment at the region interest, as a result of flow caused by a source of the fluid, so as to determine a plurality of fitting parameters for each of the plurality of models; determining a preferred one of the plurality of models; and presenting indicators indicative of values of the plurality of parameters for the preferred one of the models. Numerous multi-compartment mamillary pharmacokinetic models are disclosed. The models and methods may be used in DCE imaging systems and software.