Abstract: A method of preparing a thermally conductive composite including: a) mixing 15% to 60% by weight of a polymer matrix with 0% to 85% by weight of a high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of at least 5:1; and (b) mixing a polymer melt obtained from step (a) with 0% to 85% by weight of a low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of 2:1 or less. By changing the weight ratio, the structure and mechanical properties of the low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler and the high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler, thermal conductivity anisotropy can be tuned. A thermally conductive composite having thermal conductivity anisotropy in the range from 1 to 4 is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a thermally conductive composite including: a) mixing 15% to 60% by weight of a polymer matrix with 0% to 85% by weight of a high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of at least 5:1; and (b) mixing a polymer melt obtained from step (a) with 0% to 85% by weight of a low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of 2:1 or less. By changing the weight ratio, the structure and mechanical properties of the low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler and the high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler, thermal conductivity anisotropy can be tuned. A thermally conductive composite having thermal conductivity anisotropy in the range from 1 to 4 is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new fullerene derivatives of formulae 1a-d, 2 and 3: method of synthesizing said derivatives, and applications thereof in organic photovoltaics, e.g., organic solar cells. In particular, the fullerene derivatives of the present invention are soluble in non-halogenated solvents such that an environmental-friendly and low-cost fabrication method for industrialization of solar cell based on the new fullerene derivatives is provided. An ink formulation for forming a thin film on a substrate of organic photovoltaics comprising at least one of the fullerene derivatives of the present invention is also provided. Greater than 3% power conversion efficiency of the organic solar cells (area=0.16 cm2) formed based on the fullerene derivatives of the present invention with less pollution and lower cost in fabrication can be achieved in the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new fullerene derivatives of formulae 1a-d, 2 and 3: method of synthesizing said derivatives, and applications thereof in organic photovoltaics, e.g., organic solar cells. In particular, the fullerene derivatives of the present invention are soluble in non-halogenated solvents such that an environmental-friendly and low-cost fabrication method for industrialization of solar cell based on the new fullerene derivatives is provided. An ink formulation for forming a thin film on a substrate of organic photovoltaics comprising at least one of the fullerene derivatives of the present invention is also provided. Greater than 3% power conversion efficiency of the organic solar cells (area=0.16 cm2) formed based on the fullerene derivatives of the present invention with less pollution and lower cost in fabrication can be achieved in the present invention.

Abstract: Receiver circuits that can be reconfigured to generate test signals in a wireless device are disclosed. In an exemplary design, an apparatus includes a mixer and an amplifier. The mixer downconverts an input radio frequency (RF) signal based on a local oscillator (LO) signal in a first mode. The amplifier, which is formed by at least a portion of the mixer, amplifies the LO signal and provides an amplified LO signal in a second mode. In another exemplary design, an apparatus includes an amplifier and an attenuator. The amplifier receives and amplifies an input RF signal in a first mode. The attenuator, which is formed by at least a portion of the amplifier, receives and passes an LO signal in a second mode.

Abstract: Receiver circuits that can be reconfigured to generate test signals in a wireless device are disclosed. In an exemplary design, an apparatus includes a mixer and an amplifier. The mixer downconverts an input radio frequency (RF) signal based on a local oscillator (LO) signal in a first mode. The amplifier, which is formed by at least a portion of the mixer, amplifies the LO signal and provides an amplified LO signal in a second mode. In another exemplary design, an apparatus includes an amplifier and an attenuator. The amplifier receives and amplifies an input RF signal in a first mode. The attenuator, which is formed by at least a portion of the amplifier, receives and passes an LO signal in a second mode.

Abstract: Receiver circuits that can be reconfigured to generate test signals in a wireless device are disclosed. In an exemplary design, an apparatus includes a mixer and an amplifier. The mixer downconverts an input radio frequency (RF) signal based on a local oscillator (LO) signal in a first mode. The amplifier, which is formed by at least a portion of the mixer, amplifies the LO signal and provides an amplified LO signal in a second mode. In another exemplary design, an apparatus includes an amplifier and an attenuator. The amplifier receives and amplifies an input RF signal in a first mode. The attenuator, which is formed by at least a portion of the amplifier, receives and passes an LO signal in a second mode.

Abstract: A novel form of an integrated variable inductor uses an on-chip transformer together with a variable capacitor. The variable capacitor can either be a varactor or a switched capacitor array and is connected to the secondary coil of the transformer. By changing the capacitance at the secondary coil of a transformer, the equivalent inductance looking into the primary coil of the transformer can be adjusted. With another capacitor in parallel to the primary coil, two different modes of resonance inherently exist, and a very wide frequency tuning range can be achieved by combining the two modes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Chinese herbs Shu Di Huang, Yin Yang Huo, Shan Zhu Yu, Shan Yao, Gou Qi Zi, and Dan Dou Chi in preparation formulations for the treatment of menopausal syndromes and related symptoms.

Abstract: A method for handling of a document in a computer system, includes digitizing the document with the scanner to form a digitized image, determining a feature vector for the digitized image, comparing feature vectors of a plurality of previously stored images to the feature vector, returning a list of locations in the memory having at least one of the plurality of previously stored documents with a feature vector similar to the feature vector, and performing a task on the digitized image appropriate for documents in a selected location in the memory.

Abstract: A method for handling of a document in a computer system, includes digitizing the document with the scanner to form a digitized image, determining a feature vector for the digitized image, comparing feature vectors of a plurality of previously stored images to the feature vector, returning a list of locations in the memory having at least one of the plurality of previously stored documents with a feature vector similar to the feature vector, and performing a task on the digitized image appropriate for documents in a selected location in the memory.

Abstract: Computer monitor instructions are placed in appropriate locations in a routine to be monitored. Upon their execution, a decoder appropriately activates or de-activates circuitry, which develops time-related performance parameters. These time-related parameters are produced by a first counter which counts to one second and then resets a second, sampling counter. The sampling counter is stepped by clock pulses gated to it in response to a decoder activation signal. Each second the sampling counters contents are gated to a register to control the height of a bar graph display. Alternatively, the sampling counter contents may be summed over a number of intervals and divided by that number of intervals to produce an average count for controlling the bar graph display. Lastly, the number of decoder activations may be counted over the one second interval to provide a rate indication.

Abstract: A circuit for controlling the height of a bar graph display in response to a digital input signal. A first count, representing the particular cathode segment of the bar graph under energization, is developed by a counter which monitors the clock signal driving the bar graph display. A second count is developed by a counter stepped by a clock when the digital input signal is in a selected logic state. At the end of a selected interval, the counters contents are transferred to a register for supply to a digital comparator, which compares the first and second counts and produces a control signal upon their equality.