Abstract: A method of preparing a thermally conductive composite including: a) mixing 15% to 60% by weight of a polymer matrix with 0% to 85% by weight of a high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of at least 5:1; and (b) mixing a polymer melt obtained from step (a) with 0% to 85% by weight of a low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of 2:1 or less. By changing the weight ratio, the structure and mechanical properties of the low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler and the high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler, thermal conductivity anisotropy can be tuned. A thermally conductive composite having thermal conductivity anisotropy in the range from 1 to 4 is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a thermally conductive composite including: a) mixing 15% to 60% by weight of a polymer matrix with 0% to 85% by weight of a high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of at least 5:1; and (b) mixing a polymer melt obtained from step (a) with 0% to 85% by weight of a low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler having an aspect ratio of 2:1 or less. By changing the weight ratio, the structure and mechanical properties of the low-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler and the high-aspect-ratio thermally conductive filler, thermal conductivity anisotropy can be tuned. A thermally conductive composite having thermal conductivity anisotropy in the range from 1 to 4 is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new fullerene derivatives of formulae 1a-d, 2 and 3: method of synthesizing said derivatives, and applications thereof in organic photovoltaics, e.g., organic solar cells. In particular, the fullerene derivatives of the present invention are soluble in non-halogenated solvents such that an environmental-friendly and low-cost fabrication method for industrialization of solar cell based on the new fullerene derivatives is provided. An ink formulation for forming a thin film on a substrate of organic photovoltaics comprising at least one of the fullerene derivatives of the present invention is also provided. Greater than 3% power conversion efficiency of the organic solar cells (area=0.16 cm2) formed based on the fullerene derivatives of the present invention with less pollution and lower cost in fabrication can be achieved in the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new fullerene derivatives of formulae 1a-d, 2 and 3: method of synthesizing said derivatives, and applications thereof in organic photovoltaics, e.g., organic solar cells. In particular, the fullerene derivatives of the present invention are soluble in non-halogenated solvents such that an environmental-friendly and low-cost fabrication method for industrialization of solar cell based on the new fullerene derivatives is provided. An ink formulation for forming a thin film on a substrate of organic photovoltaics comprising at least one of the fullerene derivatives of the present invention is also provided. Greater than 3% power conversion efficiency of the organic solar cells (area=0.16 cm2) formed based on the fullerene derivatives of the present invention with less pollution and lower cost in fabrication can be achieved in the present invention.