Abstract: A projection system includes a display apparatus comprising a plurality of tunable Fabry-Perot filters, each of the filters being configured for shifting between a state in which the filter transmits radiation in a bandwidth in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum and a state in which the filter transmits radiation in a bandwidth outside the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. An illuminator provides light to the plurality of Fabry-Perot filters. A control system receives image data and controls the display apparatus to project an image onto an associated display surface. The control system includes a modulator which provides wavelength modulation signals to the plurality of Fabry-Perot filters to modulate a color of pixels in the image and causes selected ones of the Fabry-Perot filters to shift into the bandwidth outside the visible range to modulate the brightness of pixels in the image.

Abstract: A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based Fabry-Perot array may be used as a spectral filter to light sensing array, such as a CCD or CMOS photodetector. Applying different voltages to the electrodes of individual Fabry-Perot cells within the array allows a gradient in the Fabry-Perot air gap across the Fabry-Perot array. In this manner the MEMS Fabry-Perot array serves as a spectral filter of light passing through the Fabry-Perot array to the photodetector array. Embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light outside the photosensitivity range of a photoreceptor belt, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches placed upon a photoreceptor belt within a marking system. Other embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light of any wavelength, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches placed by a marking system upon a non-photosensitive output substrate, such as an intermediate belt or paper.

Abstract: A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based Fabry-Perot array may be used as a spectral filter to light sensing array, such as a CCD or CMOS photodetector. Applying different voltages to the electrodes of individual Fabry-Perot cells within the array allows a gradient in the Fabry-Perot air gap across the Fabry-Perot array. In this manner the MEMS Fabry-Perot array serves as a spectral filter of light passing through the Fabry-Perot array to the photodetector array. Embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light outside the photosensitivity range of a photoreceptor belt, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches and/or images placed upon a photoreceptor belt within a marking system. Other embodiments of the disclosed senor, used with LEDs that emit light of any wavelength, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches or images placed by a marking system upon a non-photosensitive output substrate, such as an intermediate belt or paper.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a direct imaging system and methods for direct marking an image using the system. The disclosed direct imaging system can eliminate the creation of a latent image and can be used in an electrophotographic machine and related processes. Specifically, the direct imaging system can include a direct marking substrate (e.g., a printing substrate) and a development belt member closely spaced from the direct marking substrate. In one embodiment, the development belt member can include a plurality of actuator cells with each actuator cell controllably addressable to eject one or more toner particles adhered thereto. The ejected toner particles can transit the space between the donor belt member and the direct marking substrate, and directly marking onto the direct marking substrate forming an image.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a roll member that includes one or more piezoelectric tape and methods for making and using the roll member. The piezoelectric tape can be flexible and include a plurality of piezoelectric elements configured in a manner that the piezoelectric elements can be addressed individually or as groups with various numbers of elements in each group. In an exemplary embodiment, the disclosed roll member can be used as a donor roll for a development system of an electrophotographic printing machine to create controlled and desired toner powder cloud for high quality image development, such as an image on image development in a hybrid scavengeless development (HSD) system.

Abstract: An apparatus may include an illuminator, a controller, a display panel, a modulator, and a plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities. The plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities generated an image from light provided by the illuminator, each pixel of the image corresponding to a respective one of the plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities. The controller controls the modulator to provide image modulation data to the plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities for generating the image, the modulator providing color information to a first cavity of the plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities for setting a size of the first cavity to correspond to a color of a first pixel of the image, the modulator providing gray level information to the first cavity for time-division multiplexing to correspond to a gray level of the first pixel. The display panel display pixels of the generated image based on colors and gray levels of each pixel of the generated image.

Abstract: A color sensor monitors the output of a color producing process and produces a signal representative of a color produced by the color producing process. The signal can be used as feedback signal to control the process. Occasionally, the color sensor signal includes a component representing a transient error. A system model of the color producing process is used to predict reasonable sensor signals. A comparison of the sensor signal with the predicted sensor signals is used to determine if the sensor signal is reasonable. If the sensor signal is unreasonable, a substitute signal is used as the feedback signal to the control process. The substitute signal can be a predicted sensor signal or a signal based on historical system performance data.

Abstract: The method and system for printer color calibration use a combination of a full-width array (FWA) or similar page-scanning mechanism in conjunction with a spectrophotometer color measurement system in the output path of a color printer for measuring colors with or without requiring any manual operations or operator involvement. The automatic color balance control system produces spatial tonal reproduction values for the primary colors by printing patches, measuring colors using the sensor combination and automatically readjusting the spatial tone reproduction curves until a satisfactory level of printed color accuracy and uniformity are obtained.

Abstract: To determine the spectra of objects that have different degrees of fluorescence, a plurality of reference databases are provided, each reference database being suited to a different degree of fluorescence. A most appropriate one of the reference databases is selected based on a predicted degree of fluorescence of an object for which a reflectance spectrum is to be determined. The prediction of the degree of fluorescence may be based on user input, or may be predicted by using a priori information, such as a priori knowledge of media types.

Abstract: A color sensor monitors the output of a color producing process and produces a signal representative of a color produced by the color producing process. The signal can be used as feedback signal to control the process. Occasionally, the color sensor signal includes a component representing a transient error. A system model of the color producing process is used to predict reasonable sensor signals. A comparison of the sensor signal with the predicted sensor signals is used to determine if the sensor signal is reasonable. If the sensor signal is unreasonable, a substitute signal is used as the feedback signal to the control process. The substitute signal can be a predicted sensor signal or a signal based on historical system performance data.

Abstract: A spectral filter includes a two-dimensional array of Fabry-Perot cavity structures, a controller, and a sampling circuit used to switch the Fabry-Perot cavity. The filter receives an incoming image, the sampling circuit switches the cavity to generate a filter image, and the filtered image is detected by the photodetectors to convert a filtered image into digital data. The controller coordinates all the image capture functions of the spectral filter.

Abstract: Printing occurs when a marking engine deposits ink on a substrate to produce a pattern. The printed pattern can differ from the desired pattern when the marking engine is out of adjustment, the substrate and ink do not interact optimally, or for other reasons. A tone reproduction curve can be used to adjust the pattern or the marking engine so the printed pattern and desired pattern are similar. Another effect of printing is that contours can appear. Contouring can be reduced if a smooth tone reproduction curve is used. Aspects of the embodiments address limitations and flaws in the prior art by using a smoothing parameter and a smoothing matrix to produce TRCs that minimize contours.

Abstract: A low cost spectral camera may include a multiple Fabry-Perot cavity filter with silicon photodetectors distributed one beside another in a two-dimensional matrix fashion. Each cavity may be designed to capture a pixel from an image. The two-dimensional fabry-perot array may function as a sensor to capture an image in spectral form. Spectral information may be obtained to generate spectral displays.

Abstract: To determine spectra, integrated multiple illuminant measurements from a non-fully illuminant populated color sensor may be converted into a fully populated spectral curve using a reference database. The reference database is partitioned into a plurality of clusters, and an appropriate centroid is determined for each cluster by, for example, vector quantization. Training samples that form the reference database may be assigned to the clusters by comparing the Euclidean distance between the centroids and the sample under consideration, and assigning each sample to the cluster having the centroid with the shortest Euclidean distance. When all training samples have been assigned, the resulting structure is stored as the reference database. When reconstructing the spectra for new measurements from the sensor, the Euclidean distances between actual color samples under measurement and each cluster centroid are measured.

Abstract: The color management system comprises a state-space based model for a pixel element in a dynamically varying color marking device. A sensor measures the color of the printed output for construction of a selected set of sensitivity functions representative of color output relating to inputs. The gradients of the sensitivity functions are extracted and used to develop the corresponding discrete multivariable state-space model of the pixel element. More particularly, the model is constructed from the Jacobian matrix characterizing a change in measured color output for a change in input color values of the pixel. Extension of modeling methodology for a single pixel is applied to multiple pixel elements.

Abstract: A color output device is generally driven by at least three independent control signals for control of its response. A desired response in device independent color space is normally obtained by employing a cascade consisting of a characterization transform and calibration transform. The calibration transform transforms input control variables into output control variables that are directly used to drive the device. Input control variables can be transformed into intermediate control variables, which can be then mapped to output control variables utilizing a two-dimensional transformation. The two-dimensional calibration architecture provides improved control functionality and flexibility.

Abstract: An optical apparatus may include a plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities and a controller. The plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities receives an incoming image. The controller controls a group of adjacent Fabry-Perot cavities of the plurality of Fabry-Perot cavities to sample spectral information from a pixel of the incoming image. The group maybe designated to the pixel. Sizes of the cavities within the group may differ from one another. The sizes of the cavities within the group may be fixed during the spectral information synthesis operation.

Abstract: A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based Fabry-Perot array may be used as a spectral filter to light sensing array, such as a CCD or CMOS photodetector. Applying different voltages to the electrodes of individual Fabry-Perot cells within the array allows a gradient in the Fabry-Perot air gap across the Fabry-Perot array. In this manner the MEMS Fabry-Perot array serves as a spectral filter of light passing through the Fabry-Perot array to the photodetector array. Embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light outside the photosensitivity range of a photoreceptor belt, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches and/or images placed upon a photoreceptor belt within a marking system. Other embodiments of the disclosed senor, used with LEDs that emit light of any wavelength, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches or images placed by a marking system upon a non-photosensitive output substrate, such as an intermediate belt or paper.

Abstract: A Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) based Fabry-Perot array may be used as a spectral filter to light sensing array, such as a CCD or CMOS photodetector. Applying different voltages to the electrodes of individual Fabry-Perot cells within the array allows a gradient in the Fabry-Perot air gap across the Fabry-Perot array. In this manner the MEMS Fabry-Perot array serves as a spectral filter of light passing through the Fabry-Perot array to the photodetector array. Embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light outside the photosensitivity range of a photoreceptor belt, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches placed upon a photoreceptor belt within a marking system. Other embodiments of the disclosed sensor, used with LEDs that emit light of any wavelength, may be used to measure spectral information from toned patches placed by a marking system upon a non-photosensitive output substrate, such as an intermediate belt or paper.

Abstract: A marking engine forms one ore more toned patches and/or images on a photoreceptor transfer device such as a photoreceptor belt or drum, either within or outside a main image area. A sensor illuminates the tones patches and/or images on the photoreceptor transfer device using wavelegths outside the photo response range of the photoreceptor transfer device, thereby allowing reflectance values for each toned patch and/or image to be measured without generating ghost images on the photoreceptor transfer device. The sensor supports collection of measured reflectance values from single-color, mixed-color; and multi-separation image-on-image toned patches and/or images directly from the photoreceptor transfer device at rates as high as one or more times per revolution of the photoreceptor transfer device. The measured reflectance values may be used to generate and/or update color stabilization tone reproduction curves.