Abstract: The present invention provides a “living” radical polymerization method for a vinyl monomer by near-infrared photothermal conversion. The method comprises irradiating a reactor with near-infrared light of 750-850 nm, wherein the reactor has a first chamber and a second chamber that are isolated from each other, the first chamber contains an organic solution of a near-infrared light responsive croconaine dye, and the second chamber is provided with a closed reaction flask containing a reaction solution, the reaction solution comprises a vinyl monomer, two or more of an ATRP initiator, an ATRP ligand, an ATRP catalyst, an RAFT reagent, a thermal initiator, and an additive, and an organic solvent; and the near-infrared light responsive dye converts the near-infrared light into heat energy, by which the reactor is heated to 50-100° C. to polymerize the monomer in the reaction solution, to obtain polymers with controlled molecular weights and molecular weight distributions.

Abstract: This application describes a rendering method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The method comprises: determining a texture element in a to-be-rendered scene, and determining a target spatial directional tree corresponding to the to-be-rendered scene. The target spatial directional tree represents an incident ray distribution corresponding to the texture element in the to-be-rendered scene. The method further comprises determining, based on the target spatial directional tree, a scene spatial region for the texture element, determining the incident ray distribution corresponding to the texture element based on a quantity of light paths and light energy in the scene spatial region; and determining a light rendering result corresponding to the texture element based on an incident ray corresponding to the incident ray distribution.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a multi-cone X-ray imaging Bragg crystal spectrometer for spectroscopy of small x-ray sources with a well-defined spectral resolution. The spectrometer includes a glass substrate machined to a multi-cone form; and a thin crystal slab attached to the glass substrate, whereby the multi-cone X-ray imaging Bragg crystal spectrometer provides rotational symmetry of a ray pattern, providing for accurate imaging, for each wavelength in the spectral range of interest. One or more embodiments include a streak camera and/or a gated strip detector.

Abstract: A system/apparatus and a positioning method for the determination of the delivery of protons within a mammalian body or inanimate medium, as well as a treatment method which comprises the delivery of protons to a mammalian body. The system/apparatus necessarily comprise the use of a detector which is placed in the proximity of the body or medium which is responsive to a signal emitted from a fiducuial marker which his positioned within or in the near proximity of target tissue within the body or target volume within the medium. A signal emitted from the fiducial marker is responsive to the impingement of protons thereon received from a controlled proton beam, the signal may be used to modify the subsequent operative characteristics of the source of protons.

Abstract: Certain examples provide systems, apparatus, and methods for adaptive, dynamic medical device connectivity. In an example, a medical device interface system includes a device interface connecting a medical device to a client system and enabling exchange of data between the medical device and the client system, the device interface includes a plug and play detector detecting a connection of the medical device to the device interface and a serial agent gathering information from the medical device via a connection between the medical device and the device interface and selecting an appropriate device driver to operate and interact with the medical device connected to the device interface regardless of a presence or absence of an existing plug and play capability of the medical device.

Abstract: Certain examples provide systems, apparatus, and methods for adaptive, dynamic medical device connectivity. In an example, a medical device interface system includes a device interface connecting a medical device to a client system and enabling exchange of data between the medical device and the client system, the device interface includes a plug and play detector detecting a connection of the medical device to the device interface and a serial agent gathering information from the medical device via a connection between the medical device and the device interface and selecting an appropriate device driver to operate and interact with the medical device connected to the device interface regardless of a presence or absence of an existing plug and play capability of the medical device.

Abstract: Certain examples provide systems, apparatus, and methods for adaptive, dynamic medical device connectivity. In an example, a medical device interface system includes a device interface connecting a medical device to a client system and enabling exchange of data between the medical device and the client system, the device interface includes a plug and play detector detecting a connection of the medical device to the device interface and a serial agent gathering information from the medical device via a connection between the medical device and the device interface and selecting an appropriate device driver to operate and interact with the medical device connected to the device interface regardless of a presence or absence of an existing plug and play capability of the medical device.

Abstract: Certain examples provide systems, apparatus, and methods for adaptive, dynamic medical device connectivity. In an example, a medical device interface system includes a device interface connecting a medical device to a client system and enabling exchange of data between the medical device and the client system, the device interface includes a plug and play detector detecting a connection of the medical device to the device interface and a serial agent gathering information from the medical device via a connection between the medical device and the device interface and selecting an appropriate device driver to operate and interact with the medical device connected to the device interface regardless of a presence or absence of an existing plug and play capability of the medical device.