Abstract: Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner are disclosed. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.

Abstract: A process using a dealkylated aromatic liquid improves a heavy hydrocarbon liquid used for supporting molybdenum carbonized catalyst. Dealkylated aromatic liquid can be derived from heavy hydrocarbon materials that have been subjected to cracking, such as fluid catalytic cracking or slurry hydrocracking. The heavy hydrocarbon liquid can comprise a portion of resid SHC feed and a portion of a gas oil stream from SHC effluent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for using an iron oxide and alumina catalyst with no more than more than about 55 wt % of the alumina in the diaspore phase or in the alpha phase in SHC. Alpha alumina is less effective catalyst component for slurry hydrocracking in terms of TIOR conversion. Drying procedures should avoid more than about 51 wt % of the alumina change to the alpha phase. The SHC catalyst is for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: Processes and apparatuses for co-processing pyrolysis effluent and a hydrocarbon stream in which a char produced by the catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis effluent is recovered and utilized to provide energy, such as heat to the catalytic cracking zone. The char can be burned in various combustion zones associated with the catalytic cracking zone. The char is produced from a renewable resource.

Abstract: A process using a dealkylated aromatic liquid improves a heavy hydrocarbon liquid used for supporting molybdenum carbonized catalyst. Dealkylated aromatic liquid can be derived from heavy hydrocarbon materials that have been subjected to cracking, such as fluid catalytic cracking or slurry hydrocracking. The heavy hydrocarbon liquid can comprise a portion of resid SHC feed and a portion of a gas oil stream from SHC effluent.

Abstract: Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner are disclosed. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for using an iron oxide and alumina catalyst with no more than more than about 55 wt % of the alumina in the diaspore phase or in the alpha phase in SHC. Alpha alumina is less effective catalyst component for slurry hydrocracking in terms of TIOR conversion. Drying procedures should avoid more than about 51 wt % of the alumina change to the alpha phase. The SHC catalyst is for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: A process and catalyst is disclosed for converting a heavy hydrocarbon feed stream into lighter hydrocarbon products using a two component catalyst. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum containing catalyst. Alumina may be a third catalyst component. The molybdenum is present in the heavy hydrocarbon feed stream at about 500 wppm or less and the weight ratio of iron to the molybdenum is less than 5. Much lower concentrations of expensive molybdenum can be used due to the addition of iron in the catalyst.

Abstract: Processes and apparatuses for co-processing pyrolysis effluent and a hydrocarbon stream in which a char produced by the catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis effluent is recovered and utilized to provide energy, such as heat to the catalytic cracking zone. The char can be burned in various combustion zones associated with the catalytic cracking zone. The char is produced from a renewable resource.

Abstract: A method for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is described. The method includes combining a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream with a heated low-oxygen-py-oil diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream that has a temperature of about 150° C. or greater. The heated diluted py-oil feed stream is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in a first bed of a reactor to form a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. The low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is contacted with a hydrocracking catalyst in a second bed of the reactor to form a hydrocracked low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent. A portion of the hydrocracked low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent comprises the heated low-oxygen biomass-derived py-oil diluent recycle stream.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to improve hot gas filtration to reduce the liquid fuel loss caused by prolonged residence time at high temperatures are described. The improvement can be obtained by reducing the residence time at elevated temperature by reducing the temperature of the pyrolysis vapor, by reducing the volume of the pyrolysis vapor at the elevated temperature, by increasing the volumetric flow rate at constant volume of the pyrolysis vapor, or by doing a combination of these.

Abstract: Processes for the production of aromatics from a pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis oil may be obtained from a biomass by fast pyrolysis and may be filtered and upgraded to provide an aromatic rich hydrocarbon product. The aromatic rich hydrocarbon product may be passed to a separation zone to separate non-aromatic hydrocarbons from the aromatics. The remaining aromatics may be separated into aromatic product rich streams based upon the desired aromatics. Isomerization and transalkylation zones may be included to increase the yield depending on the product or desired aromatic. The non-aromatic hydrocarbons may be passed to a reformer to be converted to aromatics and hydrogen.

Abstract: One or more process for the production of a linear alkylbenzenes which can be used to produce surfactants. The linear hydrocarbon and the aromatic hydrocarbon are both produced from a renewable feedstock. The linear hydrocarbon may be produced by deoxygenating a natural oil and dehydrogenating the resulting hydrocarbon to provide an olefinic hydrocarbon. The aromatic hydrocarbon may be produced from the pyrolysis of a biomass and the deoxygenation of a pyrolysis oil.

Abstract: A slurry hydrocracking process using spent hydroprocessing catalyst is described. The process includes obtaining the spent hydroprocessing catalyst from a hydroprocessing zone; reducing the size of the spent hydroprocessing catalyst; and introducing a heavy hydrocarbon feed and a hydrogen stream into a slurry hydrocracking zone in the presence of the reduced size spent hydroprocessing catalyst under slurry hydrocracking conditions to form a slurry hydrocracking effluent.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for co-processing a hydrocarbon feedstock and a renewable biomass feedstock are described. Solid particles of biomass are introduced into the riser reactor zone and mixed with catalyst. The hydrocarbon feed stock is also introduced into the riser reactor zone. The solid particles of biomass react in the presence of the catalyst and are converted into oxygenated hydrocarbons, while the hydrocarbon reacts in the presence of the catalyst to form hydrocarbon products having a lower boiling point than the feedstock.

Abstract: Disclosed in one embodiment is a method for the catalytic pyrolysis of a carbonaceous material that includes contacting the carbonaceous material with a plurality of catalyst particles to produce a gas phase product and a solid phase product and separating the gas phase product from the solid phase product and the plurality of catalyst particles. The method further includes partially regenerating the plurality of catalyst particles by exposing the solid phase product and the catalyst particles to a first oxidizing condition to produce an oxidized solid phase and a partially-regenerated catalyst and cooling the partially-regenerated catalyst and a non-oxidized portion of the solid phase product. Still further, the method includes further regenerating the partially-regenerated catalyst by exposing the non-oxidized portion of the solid phase product and the partially-regenerated catalyst to a second oxidizing condition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to improve hot gas filtration to reduce the liquid fuel loss caused by prolonged residence time at high temperatures are described. The improvement can be obtained by reducing the residence time at elevated temperature by reducing the temperature of the pyrolysis vapor, by reducing the volume of the pyrolysis vapor at the elevated temperature, by increasing the volumetric flow rate at constant volume of the pyrolysis vapor, or by doing a combination of these.

Abstract: This invention discloses an axial multiport rotary valve capable of accomplishing the simultaneous interconnection of a plurality of conduits in accordance with a previously determined cycle, where any conduit communicates with no more than one other conduit at any one cycle step, or valve index position. The rotary valve comprises a hollow stator element and a rotor element inside the hollow interior of the stator element which rotates with a substantially vertical axis of rotation within the stator element, the surfaces of both elements being in the form essentially of a frustum of an inverted cone. Bed-line ports in the stator and rotor have a non-circular shape with a greater dimension in the vertical plane for higher capacities than provided in the known art.

Abstract: Processes and apparatus for the alkylation of aromatic compound with mono-olefin aliphatic compound in the presence of solid alkylation catalyst use a lights distillation for obtaining desired selectivities to arylalkane in a energy efficient manner. The processes and apparatus offer the potential for debottlenecking existing arylalkane production facilities and reducing the size and energy requirements for a new arylalkane production facility.

Abstract: This invention discloses an axial multiport rotary valve capable of accomplishing the simultaneous interconnection of a plurality of conduits in accordance with a previously determined cycle, where any conduit communicates with no more than one other conduit at any one cycle step, or valve index position. The rotary valve comprises a hollow stator element and a rotor element inside the hollow interior of the stator element which rotates with a substantially vertical axis of rotation within the stator element, the surfaces of both elements being in the form essentially of a frustum of an inverted cone. Bed-line ports in the stator and rotor have a non-circular shape with a greater dimension in the vertical plane for higher capacities than provided in the known art.