Abstract: A computer-implemented method of monitoring an intracranial pressure using a fluid exchange system. The method includes receiving, at a processor, a first pressure value in an intracranial cavity; infusing a liquid into the intracranial cavity; receiving, at the processor, a second pressure value of the intracranial cavity; computing, using the processor, a difference between the first and second intracranial pressures; and in an event the difference between the first and second intracranial pressures exceeds a first pressure threshold value or is less than a second pressure threshold value, issuing a pressure signal output, via the processor, to indicate the first pressure threshold value has been exceeded or the difference between the first and second intracranial pressures is less than the second pressure threshold value.

Abstract: A fluid exchange system may include a control unit comprising a processor; a tube set attachment removably connected to the control unit, the tube set attachment comprising a tube set fluidly connected to a fluid source and a drainage receptacle; a catheter fluidly connected to the tube set; and at least one sensor positioned on at least one of the control unit and the tube set attachment, wherein the control unit may be configured to supply fluid to a patient through the tube set and drain fluid from the patient via the tube set, and wherein the control unit may be configured to receive measurements from the at least one sensor to adjust the supply of the fluid to the patient and the drainage of the fluid from the patient.

Abstract: A fluid exchange system may include a control unit comprising a processor; a tube set attachment removably connected to the control unit, the tube set attachment comprising a tube set fluidly connected to a fluid source and a drainage receptacle; a catheter fluidly connected to the tube set; and at least one sensor positioned on at least one of the control unit and the tube set attachment, wherein the control unit may be configured to supply fluid to a patient through the tube set and drain fluid from the patient via the tube set, and wherein the control unit may be configured to receive measurements from the at least one sensor to adjust the supply of the fluid to the patient and the drainage of the fluid from the patient.

Abstract: A catheter for use in a fluid exchange system, including: an external catheter wall extending between a proximal end and a distal end of the catheter; a fluid column chamber at a distal region of the catheter, with the fluid column chamber including a plurality of fluid exchange apertures disposed in the external catheter wall; a first lumen in fluid communication with the fluid column chamber and adapted for aspirating fluid from the fluid column chamber; a second lumen in fluid communication with the fluid column chamber and adapted for irrigating fluid into the fluid column chamber; and a first sensor positioned to measure a fluid pressure within a fluid column of the fluid column chamber, with the first sensor disposed at a distal end of a lead, and the lead extending through a first dedicated lumen formed within the catheter or on an exterior of the catheter.

Abstract: A reinforced medical electrical lead for neurological applications has a reinforced construction for resisting the detachment of electrodes and lead connection terminals, thereby improving the robustness of the lead and extending the life of the lead by reducing the likelihood that a further surgical procedure will be required to remove the lead for repair or replacement thereof. The present reinforced lead construction maintains the integrity of the electrical connection between the conductor and the respective electrode and lead connection terminal by incorporating several reinforcing features in the lead construction in contrast to conventional lead constructions where it is possible to pull the electrodes and lead connection terminals away from their contact points with relatively little force.