Abstract: Methods are provided for joining two panels by welding together a seam formed at a flange of each panel using a welding tractor adapted to travel along the seam to be welded. A welding tractor adapted for use in the methods is also provided, as is a welded panel product fabricated using the methods provided.

Abstract: A flavor additive including a base selected from proteins, gelatin, pectin, alginate, gums, starches, modified starches, oils, food grade petrochemicals etc. is disclosed. A flavor component is stably distributed in the base. Beverages incorporating the flavor additive are also discloses.

Abstract: Methods are provided for joining two panels by welding together a seam formed at a flange of each panel using a welding tractor adapted to travel along the seam to be welded. A welding tractor adapted for use in the methods is also provided, as is a welded panel product fabricated using the methods provided.

Abstract: A differential motion conveyor (20) for conveying products along an elongated trough structure (22) supported for reciprocal movement relative to a counterweight base structure (24) of a weight significantly greater than the weight of the trough structure. A rotational actuator (200) moving in a singular direction reciprocates the trough structure lengthwise relative and counterweighed base structure at a substantially continually varying velocity of the actuator to achieve a desired differential acceleration rate of the trough structure between the two opposing directions of longitudinal movement of the trough structure.

Abstract: This application discloses a composition for and a method of using the composition to disperse hydrocarbon based components into a liquid carrier. The composition is comprised of a lower alkyl ester of a fixed oil, such as a modified vegetable oil, in combination with at least one other compound which enhances the ability of the ester to form an aqueous emulsion which can separate and which can alter the wetting character of the ester. The method comprises contacting a material comprised of hydrocarbon based components with an effective amount of composition for a time and a temperature sufficient to disperse the material into a liquid carrier.

Abstract: Methods and cleaning compositions are provided for more effectively removing oil, grease, paint, varnish and other organic coatings from metallic surfaces in industrial equipment, oil well tubular goods and the like. The metallic surfaces are contacted with a cleaning composition comprised of an aqueous solution of an alkaline material, a nonionic surface active agent and a wetting agent for a period of time sufficient to remove the organic materials therefrom. The nonionic surface active agent is an alkylarylpolyether alcohol having an ethylene oxide content in the range of from about 10 to about 13 units of ethylene oxide per molecule, and the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of aromatic phosphate esters of the formulae: ##STR1## and mixtures of such phosphate esters wherein x has a value in the range of from about 4 to about 6.

Abstract: A method of removing copper and copper oxide from a ferrous metal surface comprising contacting said metal and said copper oxide with an aqueous composition having a pH from about 3.0 to about 6.0 and comprising an oxidizing agent, a compound selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, the alkali metal, and ammonium salts of oxalic acid and mixtures thereof, and an ingredient selected from the group consisting of citric acid, polyaminocarboxylic acids, the ammonium and alkali metal salts of citric acid and polyaminocarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for removing deposits containing iron sulfide from surfaces with minimal hydrogen sulfide evolution. A composition comprised of a basic aqueous solution of a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of citric acid, oxalic acid, alkylene polyamine polyacetic acids and mixtures of such chelating agents having a pH in the range of from about 8 to about 10 is brought into contact with the deposits for a period of time sufficient for the deposits to be dissolved therein.

Abstract: A method for passivating acid-cleaned ferrous metal surfaces is disclosed. The method features the use of an aqueous passivating solution having a pH of greater than about 8, comprising a base, an oxygen containing gas, and one of hydrazine, an iron complexing agent and mixtures thereof, wherein the method comprises contacting an acid-cleaned ferrous metal surface with the passivating solution at temperatures up to about 400.degree. F or greater.

Abstract: Iron containing scale is removed from a metallic substrate by contacting the scale with a composition which is an aqueous solution consisting essentially of at least 0.5 weight percent of a polyphosphonic acid, or an alkali metal or amine salt of such acid, with the acid being selected from the group of acids having the formulae: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is selected from the class consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups, and the group ##STR2## and ##STR3## where R.sub.2 is selected from the class consisting of --H, --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl groups, and the group ##STR4## The scale is removed from the metallic substrate by contacting THE DESCRIBED SCALE-BEARING SUBSTRATE WITH THE DESCRIBED COMPOSITION AT SELECTED TEMPERATURE AND PH conditions, and over a controlled time period and iron concentration in the composition so that the formation of an undesirable polymeric precipitate in the cleaning solution is avoided.