Abstract: A solution comprises a preservation mixture comprising a calcium ion source; and a buffer for maintaining a pH of the solution. The molar concentration of calcium ion (Ca2+) in the solution is from 0.18 to 0.26 mmol/L, and the pH is lower than 7.4 and higher than 6.6. A composition for preparing the solution may comprise adenosine, lidocaine, and a calcium source, wherein the molar ratio of adenosine:calcium is from 0.3:0.26 to 0.45:0.18, and the molar ratio of lidocaine:calcium is from 0.04:0.26 to 0.09:0.18. A donor heart may be reperfused with the solution. The solution may be used for reperfusion of a donor heart, such as at a temperature from about 25 to about 37° C. The donor may be a donor after circulatory death.

Abstract: A solution comprises a preservation mixture comprising a calcium ion source; and a buffer for maintaining a pH of the solution. The molar concentration of calcium ion (Ca2+) in the solution is from 0.18 to 0.26 mmol/L, and the pH is lower than 7.4 and higher than 6.6. A composition for preparing the solution may comprise adenosine, lidocaine, and a calcium source, wherein the molar ratio of adenosine:calcium is from 0.3:0.26 to 0.45:0.18, and the molar ratio of lidocaine:calcium is from 0.04:0.26 to 0.09:0.18. A donor heart may be reperfused with the solution. The solution may be used for reperfusion of a donor heart, such as at a temperature from about 25 to about 37° C. The donor may be a donor after circulatory death.

Abstract: An oxygenated cardioplegic composition for immediate reperfusion of a donor heart after its procurement. The composition comprises an adenosine-lidocaine mixture for causing immediate cessation of the heart's systolic function upon contact; a normokalemic concentration of potassium ions; a concentration of Ca2+ ions selected to maintain the intracellular level of Ca2+ ions in the harvested heart muscle cells at about 10?4 mmol/L; and a pH of 6.9. The oxygenated cardioplegic composition is pre-warmed to about 35° C. and then used for immediate reperfusion of a donor heart for at least three minutes after its procurement.

Abstract: A device and a method that permits rapid application of experimental solutions to both (i.e. intracellular and extra-cellular) surfaces of a membrane patch is described. In one embodiment, this is accomplished by mounting a membrane patch on a hole through the side of a hollow tube such that one surface can be readily perfused on the outside of the tube while simultaneously perfusing the inside of the tube. Thus, by measuring changes in membrane traffic using any of a variety of means known in the art, it is possible to determine the effect of test compounds presented to the intracellular and/or extracellular surface on membrane traffic. As can be seen, the instant device and method have the advantage of allowing both sides of the membrane to be accessed simultaneously, as described below.