Abstract: An improved directed energy surgical method and assembly is disclosed. The method and assembly contemplate the application of a directed energy stream to tissue and the application of a liquid mist stream to the tissue to reduce or eliminate smoke at the surgical site. The invention may be advantageously implemented in an assembly having a surgical pencil for emitting the directed energy stream and liquid mist stream. The liquid mist stream is generated by the surgical pencil, preferably by atomizing a liquid stream supplied thereto (e.g., pressurized via jet atomization). The invention may be utilized in connection with conventional electrosurgical, laser surgery, ultrasound, and other techniques and devices.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continually measuring the specific gravity of a flow liquid. The liquid is caused to flow across a flat measurement surface defined by a light transmissive shelf member. The measurement surface, i.e. the interface between the shelf member and liquid sample thereon, is illuminated by rays incident at angles greater than and less than a critical angle to reflect a boundary line whose position is dependent on the critical angle and thus the specific gravity of the liquid sample. The reflected boundary line is projected onto a photovoltaic surface which, together with detector electronics, determines the position of the boundary line with respect to a boundary line position associated with a reference liquid. The difference in boundary line position is used by the detector electronics to determine the specific gravity of the sample by a table lookup procedure.

Abstract: A medical apparatus for automatically measuring and displaying the quantity of a liquid discharged by a patient during a defined real time interval. The apparatus is comprised of a reusable housing and a disposable plastic container adapted to be removably received in a cavity in the housing. A transducer is mounted in the floor of the cavity to engage the container and transmit sonic pulses through the container wall into a liquid pool in the container. A molded silicon rubber cap is fitted over the transducer to assure good acoustic coupling between the transducer and the container without requiring the use of an intermediate gel substance. The container is configured such that when it is received in the housing cavity, it is oriented to cause liquid entering an inlet port in the top portion to pool over the flat section of the container bottom wall.

Abstract: A weapons engagement simulation system includes a weapon simulator having a laser transmitter for transmitting pulses of directed coherent light in a characteristic temporal pattern and a receiver garment. A plurality of photosensitive detectors distributed over each of a plurality of discrete zones on the outside of the garment respond to light from the laser transmitter by producing electrical detection pulses systematically related thereto. Comparators compare the electrical detection pulses from the photosensitive detectors in a respective zone with a predetermined threshold level and produce discriminated detection pulses when said electrical detection pulses are greater than the threshold level. A decoder compares the temporal patterns of the discriminated detection pulses with a temporal pattern characteristic of the laser transmitter and produces a hit signal corresponding to a respective corresponding zone when the compared patterns correspond.