Abstract: A system for separating carbon dioxide from a carrier gas includes a CO2 enrichment subsystem that receives a carrier gas stream and produces an enriched carbon dioxide fluid stream. The system also includes a CO2 polishing subsystem in fluid communication with the CO2 enrichment subsystem that produces a carbon dioxide rich fluid stream. In a corresponding method, a carrier gas is received in a CO2 enrichment subsystem and an enriched carbon dioxide fluid stream is produced. The enriched carbon dioxide fluid stream is directed to a CO2 polishing subsystem wherein a stream further enriched in carbon dioxide is produced.

Abstract: Methods and systems of the current invention separate condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide from light gases or liquids in a mixed process stream. The separation is carried out in a cryogenic process using one or more external cooling loops (ECLs) that first cool down a mixed process stream containing condensable vapors and light gases or liquids, causing the condensable vapors to desublimate and form solids. Next, the solids are separated from the light gases or liquids, forming a solid stream and a light gas or liquid stream. Then the refrigerants of the ECL are cooled by warming the separated solid stream and light gas or liquid stream, efficiently recovering energy used in cooling and desublimating the condensable vapors.

Abstract: The systems and methods integrate energy storage with cryogenic carbon capture, providing effective grid management and energy-efficient carbon capture capabilities to power plants. The systems store energy during off-peak demand by using off-peak energy to compress natural gas to form liquefied natural gas (LNG) and storing the LNG for use as a refrigerant. The systems use the stored LNG as a refrigerant in a cryogenic carbon capture (CCC) process to isolate carbon dioxide from light gases in a flue gas. The systems supply energy during peak demand by burning the natural gas warmed by the CCC process to generate power.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a particle bed cooled by an in-bed heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed on the bed particles while the light gases from the process stream, which are not condensed, form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: An air separation unit is integrated with a power generating plant to improve the efficiency of power generation. The methods and systems improve the efficiency of power generation by utilizing liquid nitrogen from the air separation unit as the working fluid in a turbine. The liquid nitrogen is pressurized while in the liquid state. After warming the pressurized nitrogen stream by cooling the air for the air separator unit, the compressed nitrogen is expanded in a turbine to perform work. After expansion, the nitrogen is vented to ambient air. The nitrogen in its pressurized state can be used for energy storage and/or for smoothing out power demand on a power grid.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a particle bed cooled by an in-bed heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed on the bed particles while the light gases from the process stream, which are not condensed, form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a direct exchange heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed by directly contacting a heat exchange liquid in the direct contact heat exchanger while the uncondensed light gases from the process stream form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a particle bed cooled by an in-bed heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed on the bed particles while the light gases from the process stream, which are not condensed, form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: The methods disclosed herein relate to sequestering carbon dioxide in an aquifer by trapping the CO2 in interstitial pores of the aquifer. Trapping the CO2 in the interstitial pores of the aquifer prevents the sequestered CO2 from escaping back to the surface and allows a much larger percentage of a CO2 to be stably sequestered compared to techniques that rely on dissolving the CO2 to achieve stable sequestration.

Abstract: The systems and methods integrate energy storage with cryogenic carbon capture, providing effective grid management and energy-efficient carbon capture capabilities to power plants. The systems store energy during off-peak demand by using off-peak energy to compress natural gas to form liquefied natural gas (LNG) and storing the LNG for use as a refrigerant. The systems use the stored LNG as a refrigerant in a cryogenic carbon capture (CCC) process to isolate carbon dioxide from light gases in a flue gas. The systems supply energy during peak demand by burning the natural gas warmed by the CCC process to generate power.

Abstract: Methods and systems of the current invention separate condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide from light gases or liquids in a mixed process stream. The separation is carried out in a cryogenic process using one or more external cooling loops (ECLs) that first cool down a mixed process stream containing condensable vapors and light gases or liquids, causing the condensable vapors to desublimate and form solids. Next, the solids are separated from the light gases or liquids, forming a solid stream and a light gas or liquid stream. Then the refrigerants of the ECL are cooled by warming the separated solid stream and light gas or liquid stream, efficiently recovering energy used in cooling and desublimating the condensable vapors.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a direct exchange heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed by directly contacting a heat exchange liquid in the direct contact heat exchanger while the uncondensed light gases from the process stream form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: Condensable vapors such as carbon dioxide are separated from light gases in a process stream. The systems and methods employ a particle bed cooled by an in-bed heat exchanger to desublimate the condensable vapors from the process stream. The condensable vapors are condensed on the bed particles while the light gases from the process stream, which are not condensed, form a separated light-gas stream. The separated light-gas stream can be used in a recuperative heat exchanger to cool the process stream.

Abstract: A method for capturing carbon dioxide from a flue gas includes (i) removing moisture from a flue gas to yield a dried flue gas; (ii) compressing the dried flue gas to yield a compressed gas stream; (iii) reducing the temperature of the compressed gas stream to a temperature T1 using a first heat exchanger; (iv) reducing the temperature of the compressed gas stream to a second temperarature T2 using a second heat exchanger stream, where T2<T1 and at least a portion of the carbon dioxide from the compressed gas stream condenses, thereby yielding a solid or liquid condensed-phase carbon dioxide component and a light-gas component; (v) separating purities the condensed-phase component from the light-gas component to produce a condensed-phase stream and a light-gas stream; and (vi) using at least a portion of the condensed-phase stream and/or the light-gas stream in the second heat exchanger.

Abstract: An air separation unit is integrated with a power generating plant to improve the efficiency of power generation. The methods and systems improve the efficiency of power generation by utilizing liquid nitrogen from the air separation unit as the working fluid in a turbine. The liquid nitrogen is pressurized while in the liquid state. After warming the pressurized nitrogen stream by cooling the air for the air separator unit, the compressed nitrogen is expanded in a turbine to perform work. After expansion, the nitrogen is vented to ambient air. The nitrogen in its pressurized state can be used for energy storage and/or for smoothing out power demand on a power grid.

Abstract: The methods disclosed herein relate to sequestering carbon dioxide in an aquifer by trapping the CO2 in interstitial pores of the aquifer. Trapping the CO2 in the interstitial pores of the aquifer prevents the sequestered CO2 from escaping back to the surface and allows a much larger percentage of a CO2 to be stably sequestered compared to techniques that rely on dissolving the CO2 to achieve stable sequestration.