Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for separating particles from aerosols for conditioning test aerosols for penetration measurement on filters. The device for separating particles from aerosols for conditioning test aerosols for penetration measurement on filters is characterised in particular by being able to generate test aerosols for penetration measurement having particular and defined properties. For this purpose, at least one sieve, which fills the aerosol-conducting cross section of the component, is located in an aerosol-conducting, preferably tubular, component having an inlet and an outlet for the aerosol, for impingement and/or impaction of particles from the aerosol. Furthermore, the aerosol-conducting, preferably tubular, component has at least one port for supplying or removing air in the direction of flow of the aerosol upstream of the sieve for impingement and/or impaction of particles from the aerosol or a part supplying aerosol to the component.