Abstract: A gas storage tank (1) has a high pressure resistant shell (10) and a fluid control system (5). The fluid control system (5) has an inlet fluid branch (20) and an outlet fluid branch (30). The inlet fluid branch (20) comprises a check valve (21) and the outlet fluid branch (30) comprises a pressure regulator (32) and a pressure assisted check valve (31). Preferably, the fluid control system (5) also comprises an inlet filter, an outlet filter and flow restriction. The fluid control system (5) is preferably situated entirely on the inside of the high pressure resistant shell (10). The fluid control system (5) is preferably provided as a miniaturized system realized in a stack of bonded wafers, where part devices are formed by micromachined geometrical structures. A method for gas handling with the gas storage tank (1) and a manufacturing method for the gas storage tank (1) are also presented.

Abstract: A gas storage system includes a tank, having a tank gas outlet, and a multitude of gas emitting entities encapsulated by the tank. The gas emitting entities are arranged for providing a gas volume, which when released from the gas emitting entities, is considerably larger than a volume of the gas emitting entities themselves. The gas emitting entities are freely contained in the tank. There are no gas conduits or electrical connections to the tank which has a sealable opening suitable for removal or insertion of the gas emitting entities. The latter have a respective gas release device, which is operable as a response on a stimulation signal. A volume surrounding the gas emitting entities inside the tank is the sole fluid connection between an opening of the gas release device and the tank gas outlet. Methods for storing and releasing gas are also presented.

Abstract: An isolation valve system includes a main body (32), an actuator body (34) and a sealing membrane (307) arranged at a high pressure portion (36) of the isolation valve system. The sealing membrane mechanically attaches the actuator body to the main body. The sealing membrane further seals the high pressure portion from a low pressure portion (38). A burst plug (315) is arranged against the main body and supports the actuator body. An activation arrangement (50) is arranged for allowing an at least partial displacement of the burst plug, typically causing a phase transition. The sealing membrane is dimensioned to break when the actuator body is moved due to the displacement of the burst plug. The isolation valve system includes preferably a stack (30) of substrates (301-304) being bonded together. The substrates have micromechanical structures, which form at least the actuator body and the sealing membrane.

Abstract: Ball robot comprising a shell, a diametric main axle, at least one pendulum, and a drive mechanism comprising at least two drive motors, wherein the drive motors are arranged on the pendulum(s) in the vicinity of the inner surface of the shell. There is also provided a ball robot with a ball shaped shell, a diametric axle attached to the shell concentric with the main axis of rotation of the shell, and a drive mechanism located inside the shell and supported by the diametric axle, wherein the diametric axle is arranged to accommodate for dimensional changes of the shell along the main axis of rotation.

Abstract: A reactor for supercritical water oxidation includes an essentially vertical reactor section and an essentially non-vertical reactor section. The vertical reactor section has a cross-sectional area which is substantially larger than the cross-sectional area of the non-vertical reactor section. The vertical reactor section has an inlet in an upper portion thereof for receiving a flow containing organic material and water, and an outlet in a lower portion thereof for outputting the flow. Both the vertical and the non-vertical reactor sections are configured to oxidize organic material in the flow through supercritical water oxidation.

Abstract: The present invention is a thermally controlled switch with high thermal or electrical conductivity. Microsystems Technology manufacturing methods are fundamental for the switch that comprises a sealed cavity formed within a stack of bonded wafers, wherein the upper wafer comprises a membrane assembly adapted to be arranged with a gap to a receiving structure. A thermal actuator material, which preferably is a phase change material, e.g. paraffin, adapted to change volume with temperature, fills a portion of the cavity. A conductor material, providing a high conductivity transfer structure between the lower wafer and the rigid part of the membrane assembly, fills another portion of the cavity. Upon a temperature change, the membrane assembly is displaced and bridges the gap, providing a high conductivity contact from the lower wafer to the receiving structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integrated microvalve system (1) comprising at least a first fluid branch (8) and a microvalve (2) being controlled by a control pressure in a control channel (17). The microvalve (2) is adapted to control a fluid flow in the first fluid branch (8). A flow restrictor arrangement (21) is located between a control port (19) and the control channel (17) to give a pre-determined turn-on and turn-off response characteristics of the microvalve (2). Preferably the flow restrictor arrangement (21) comprises a deflate channel (30) and an inflate channel (31) arranged in parallel. Each channel (30, 31) comprises a check valve (34, 35) and a flow restrictor (24, 25), which may have different flow restriction to give different turn-on and turn-off response characteristics for the microvalve (2).

Abstract: The present invention is a thermally controlled switch with high thermal or electrical conductivity. Microsystems Technology manufacturing methods are fundamental for the switch that comprises a sealed cavity formed within a stack of bonded wafers, wherein the upper wafer comprises a membrane assembly adapted to be arranged with a gap to a receiving structure. A thermal actuator material, which preferably is a phase change material, e.g. paraffin, adapted to change volume with temperature, fills a portion of the cavity. A conductor material, providing a high conductivity transfer structure between the lower wafer and the rigid part of the membrane assembly, fills another portion of the cavity. Upon a temperature change, the membrane assembly is displaced and bridges the gap, providing a high conductivity contact from the lower wafer to the receiving structure.

Abstract: A gas storage system (1) comprises a tank (10), having a tank gas outlet (28), and a multitude of gas emitting entities (20) encapsulated by the tank (10). The gas emitting entities (20) are arranged for providing a gas volume, which when released from said gas emitting entities, is considerably larger than a volume of the gas emitting entities (20) themselves. The gas emitting entities (20) are freely contained in the tank (10), i.e. there are no gas conduits or electrical connections to the tank (10). The tank (10) has a sealable opening (18) suitable for removal or insertion of the gas emitting entities (20) and the gas emitting entities (20) have a respective gas release device, which is operable as a response on a stimulation signal. A volume (14) surrounding the gas emitting entities (20) inside the tank (10) is the sole fluid connection between an opening of the gas release device and the tank gas outlet (28). Methods for storing and releasing gas are also presented.

Abstract: A gas storage tank (1) has a high pressure resistant shell (10) and a fluid control system (5). The fluid control system (5) has an inlet fluid branch (20) and an outlet fluid branch (30). The inlet fluid branch (20) comprises a check valve (21) and the outlet fluid branch (30) comprises a pressure regulator (32) and a pressure assisted check valve (31). Preferably, the fluid control system (5) also comprises an inlet filter, an outlet filter and flow restriction. The fluid control system (5) is preferably situated entirely on the inside of the high pressure resistant shell (10). The fluid control system (5) is preferably provided as a miniaturized system realised in a stack of bonded wafers, where part devices are formed by micromachined geometrical structures. A method for gas handling with the gas storage tank (1) and a manufacturing method for the gas storage tank (1) are also presented.

Abstract: An isolation valve system includes a main body (32), an actuator body (34) and a sealing membrane (307) arranged at a high pressure portion (36) of the isolation valve system. The sealing membrane mechanically attaches the actuator body to the main body. The sealing membrane further seals the high pressure portion from a low pressure portion (38). A burst plug (315) is arranged against the main body and supports the actuator body. An activation arrangement (50) is arranged for allowing an at least partial displacement of the burst plug, typically causing a phase transition. The sealing membrane is dimensioned to break when the actuator body is moved due to the displacement of the burst plug. The isolation valve system includes preferably a stack (30) of substrates (301-304) being bonded together. The substrates have micromechanical structures, which form at least the actuator body and the sealing membrane.

Abstract: Ball robot comprising a shell, a diametric main axle, at least one pendulum, and a drive mechanism comprising at least two drive motors, wherein the drive motors are arranged on the pendulum(s) in the vicinity of the inner surface of the shell. There is also provided a ball robot with a ball attached to the shell concentric the shell, and a drive mechanism located inside the shell and supported by the diametric axle, wherein the diametric axle is arranged to accommodate for dimensional changes of the shell along the main axis of rotation.

Abstract: A reactor for supercritical water oxidation comprises an essentially vertical reactor section (11) and an essentially non-vertical reactor section (12), wherein the vertical reactor section has a cross-sectional area which is substantially larger than the cross-sectional area of the non-vertical reactor section. The vertical reactor section has an inlet (14) in an upper portion thereof for receiving (17) a flow containing organic material and water, and an outlet (16) in a lower portion thereof for outputting (20) the flow. Both the vertical and the non-vertical reactor sections are configured to oxidize organic material in the flow through supercritical water oxidation.

Abstract: A supercritical oxidation process carried out in water is capable of oxidizing “organics” in precious metal organic compositions such as heterogeneous (Pt/C) or homogeneous precious metal catalysts and producing a precious metal oxide with few by-products and low losses of precious metal.

Abstract: A new high precision volume gauging system for measuring the volume of a propellant VL enclosed at a first pressure PU within a propellant tank (40) of a volume VT. The improved precision compared with prior art is achieved in that it comprises a high precision pressure sensor (90) which is comprised of a reference chamber (115) that is connected to the propellant tank (40) by a communication line (140), a valve (150) for controlling the gas flow through the line (140), and a high precision differential pressure sensor (95) that is arranged to record the pressure difference between the reference chamber (115) and the propellant tank (40) to which it is connected through a communication line (130).

Abstract: In a high pressure and high temperature reaction system suitable for oxidative waste treatment, particularly a reaction system for supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), a method is disclosed for injecting a first fluid of a first temperature at a first flow rate into a second fluid of a second temperature at a second flow rate, mixing the first and the second fluids within a mixing length (115, 215), and wherein the first and second temperatures and the first and second flow rates are selected such that a temperature of the mixed fluids downstream of said mixing length (115, 215) is obtained, at which said first fluid being substantially non-corrosive.

Abstract: A process for treatment of waste containing organic material, phosphorous and water in suitable amounts to be a pumpable sludge and in order to be oxidizable through supercritical water oxidation, comprises the steps of: putting the sludge into conditions being supercritical for water; adding oxidant, particularly, oxygen to the sludge, wherein the organic material contained in the waste is substantially completely oxidized by means of supercritical water oxidation; separating the phosphorous from water and from carbon dioxide formed during the oxidation; and recovering the phosphorous by means of dissolving the phosphorous in an alkali.

Abstract: A new high precision volume gauging system for measuring the volume of a propellant VL enclosed at a first pressure PU within a propellant tank (40) of a volume VT. The improved precision compared with prior art is achieved in that it comprises a high precision pressure sensor (90) which is comprised of a reference chamber (115) that is connected to the propellant tank (40) by a communication line (140), a valve (150) for controlling the gas flow through the line (140), and a high precision differential pressure sensor (95) that is arranged to record the pressure difference between the reference chamber (115) and the propellant tank (40) to which it is connected through a communication line (130).

Abstract: A supercritical oxidation process carried out in water is capable of oxidising “organics” in precious metal organic compositions such as heterogeneous (Pt/C) or homogeneous precious metal catalysts and producing a precious metal oxide with few by-products and low losses of precious metal.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a device for the detection of moving objects which are warmer or cooler than a static environment. The device consists of a detector unit (1) connected to a preamplifier (2), a signal processing unit (3), and output detector device (4). The device is characterized in that the detector unit consists of a conventional Peltier element (5), one of whose sides (6) is placed in good thermal contact with a heat sink (8) and that the other side (7) of the Peltier element (5) is used as a radiation-sensitive detector surface. This radiation-detecting surface may be provided with a radiation-absorbing layer (9). The current supply terminals (10, 12) of the Peltier element are connected to a band-pass filter (11) which, in turn, is connected to a low-noise preamplifier (2). By having the electronic circuitry based on C/MOS technology, and since the detector draws no current, provision of a suitable battery makes the unit self-sufficient for approximately ten years.