Abstract: Processes for producing conjugated linoleic acid are described which comprise: (a) isomerizing a linoleic acid lower alkyl ester in the presence of an alkali metal alcoholate to form a conjugated linoleic acid lower alkyl ester; (b) saponifying the conjugated linoleic acid lower alkyl ester in the presence of an aqueous lye to form a saponification product; and (c) neutralizing the saponification product with phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Fatty (meth)acrylates having a %-EpO content of below 0.6, which are reaction products of epoxidized compounds selected from the group consisting of epoxidized fatty acid esters, epoxidized triglycerides and mixtures thereof, and acids selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and mixtures thereof, wherein the %-EpO content of the epoxidized compound is above 6.4, wherein the epoxidized compound is an epoxidation product of fatty acid moieties having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, wherein less than 20 mole % of the fatty acid moieties contain three or more carbon-carbon double bonds, and wherein greater than 60 mole % of the fatty acid moieties contain two carbon-carbon double bonds are useful as pigment dispersants. Pigment dispersant concentrates, aqueous pigment dispersions and methods of dispersing pigments with the fatty (meth)acrylates are described.

Abstract: A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing: (a) a polycarbonate having a molecular weight of from about 300 to 100,000; (b) optionally, an oil component; (c) optionally, an emulsifier; and (d) optionally, water.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a cosmetic composition which contains at least one poly-?-olefin produced by subjecting at least one primary alcohol to dehydrating polymerization at a temperature of 60° C. to 340° C. in the presence of acidic alumino layer silicates. The primary alcohol is an alcohol from the group of unsaturated monofunctional alcohols, branched monofunctional alcohols and difunctional alcohols. The poly-?-olefin is a high-spreading oil component which imparts an almost instantaneous and relatively long-lasting feeling of smoothness to the skin and has good dermatological compatibility.

Abstract: Processes for preparing conjugated linoleic acid are described wherein a conjugated linoleic acid lower alkyl ester is subjected to hydrolysis in the presence of an enzyme to form a hydrolyzate comprising a conjugated linoleic acid and a lower alkanol, wherein at least a portion of the lower alkanol is continuously removed; the hydrolyzate is separated into an organic phase and an aqueous/alcoholic phase; and the conjugated linoleic acid is separated from the organic phase.

Abstract: Processes for preparing conjugated fatty acid products are described wherein (a) a composition which comprises a fatty acid ester having at least two unconjugated, carbon-carbon double bonds is provided; (b) the fatty acid ester is conjugated in the presence of a water-free base; (c) phosphoric acid is added to the conjugated fatty acid ester such that phosphate salts are precipitated; and (d) the precipitated phosphate salts are removed.

Abstract: Processes for producing conjugated linoleic acid are described which comprise: (a) isomerizing a linoleic acid lower alkyl ester in the presence of an alkali metal alcoholate to form a conjugated linoleic acid lower alkyl ester; (b) saponifying the conjugated linoleic acid lower alkyl ester in the presence of an aqueous lye to form a saponification product; and (c) neutralizing the saponification product with phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Compositions comprising at least one conjugated linoleyl alcohol component selected from the group consisting of cis- and trans-isomers of 6,8-octadecadienol, 7,9-octadecadienol, 8,10-octadecadienol, 9, 11-octadecadienol, 10,12-octadecadienol and 11,13-octadecadienol are described along with their use in oral and topical applications for humans and animals.

Abstract: Processes for preparing conjugated linoleic acid are described wherein a conjugated linoleic acid lower alkyl ester is subjected to hydrolysis in the presence of an enzyme to form a hydrolyzate comprising a conjugated linoleic acid and a lower alkanol, wherein at least a portion of the lower alkanol is continuously removed; the hydrolyzate is separated into an organic phase and an aqueous/alcoholic phase; and the conjugated linoleic acid is separated from the organic phase.

Abstract: Polyalkylene ethers comprised of C5-100 alkylene groups and having an average molecular weight of from 300 to 100000, which can be prepared by polycondensation of hydroxy-functional reactants selected from the group consisting of diols and polyols are described in addition to their use in cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical preparations.

Abstract: A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing: (a) a polycarbonate having a molecular weight of from about 300 to 100,000; (b) optionally, an oil component; (c) optionally, an emulsifier; and (d) optionally, water.

Abstract: A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing: (a) a dimer diol; (b) a UV filter; (c) optionally, an oil component; (d) optionally, an emulsifier; and (e) optionally, water.

Abstract: A process for making a purified glycerol carbonate involving: (a) providing a mixture of crude glycerol carbonate, wherein said mixture contains glycerol carbonate, glycerol and oligomeric glycerol carbonate; (b) providing a substantially water-free base component; (c) reacting the mixture with the base component to form a reaction mixture; and (d) filtering the reaction mixture to form the purified glycerol carbonate.

Abstract: A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing: (a) a glycerol monocaprylate; (b) a fatty alcohol; (c) optionally, a surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and mixtures thereof; and (d) optionally, water.

Abstract: Process for producing poly-&agr;-olefins are described wherein the processes comprise: (a) providing a primary alcohol; and (b) polymerizing the primary alcohol in the presence of an acidic alumino layer silicate to form a poly-&agr;-olefin. Water formed during the polymerization can be removed, optionally during the polymerization, and subsequent hydrogenation may be performed.

Abstract: Processes for preparing conjugated fatty acid products are described wherein (a) a composition which comprises a fatty acid ester having at least two unconjugated, carbon-carbon double bonds is provided; (b) the fatty acid ester is conjugated in the presence of a water-free base; (c) phosphoric acid is added to the conjugated fatty acid ester such that phosphate salts are precipitated; and (d) the precipitated phosphate salts are removed.

Abstract: Unsaturated fatty compounds are hydrogenated at a hydrogen pressure of from 100 to 300 bar in the presence of transition metal catalyst to form a hydrogenation product having an iodine value of less than 2.

Abstract: A cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical composition containing: (a) a glycerol monoalkyl ether; (b) a surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and mixtures thereof; (c) optionally, up to about 10% by weight of a fatty alcohol; and (d) optionally, water.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of fatty (meth)acrylates for dispersing pigments. The fatty (meth)acrylates are obtained by reacting epoxidized fatty acid esters and/or epoxidized triglycerides with acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid. The reaction is adjusted such that the %-EpO content of the fatty (meth)acrylates is below 0.6 and the following conditions are met for the epoxidized fatty acid esters and/or epoxidized triglycerides on which the fatty (meth)acrylates are based: a) the %-EpO content of the epoxidized fatty acid esters and/or epoxidized triglycerides used is above 6.4; b) less than 20 mole-% of the fatty acid components on which the epoxidized fatty acid esters and/or epoxidized triglycerides are based contain three or more C═C double bonds per fatty acid component; c) more than 60 mole-% of the fatty acid components on which the epoxidized fatty acid esters and/or epoxidized triglycerides are based contain two C═C double bonds per fatty acid component.