Abstract: A method for controlling an electromechanical brake). The electromechanical brake includes an electric motor which acts on a brake actuator via a gear unit to generate a braking force. A switchable and bistable freewheel locking device, via which a brake release direction of the brake actuator can be locked, is provided to lock the gear unit. The method includes moving back the brake actuator after a braking operation by a fixed predefined distance and controlling the locking device to fix the brake actuator in the retracted position.

Abstract: A method for detecting a malfunction of an electromechanical braking device of a braking system for a motor vehicle. The braking device has at least one controllable electric motor and at least one actuator element that can be displaced by the electric motor, wherein in the idle state of the braking device the actuator element has a clearance in the actuation direction. For a test procedure, the electric motor is controlled such that the actuator element is displaced only within the clearance, and the presence of a malfunction is ascertained according to at least one operating parameter of the electric motor detected in the process.

Abstract: A holding device for electromechanical vehicle brake devices. The holding device includes a control device with a control program and at least one movably mounted plastic holding element. The element is configured, by means of the control device with the control program, to fix an electromechanical vehicle brake device, connected to the holding device, in at least one braking force holding position. The control device with the control program is configured to vary the end positions of the plastic holding element relative to the electromechanical vehicle brake that are necessary for the brake fixation process of the electromechanical vehicle brake device, so that consistent load conditions on the plastic holding element due to the brake fixation processes can be avoided during a total service life of the holding device.

Abstract: A system, a device, and a method for controlling the system with functional safety requirements. The method includes determining a control for the system according to a first control method, which satisfies first requirements for the functional safety of the system; determining a control for the system according to a second control method; determining a difference between the control for the system according to the first control method and the control for the system according to the second control method; and outputting a signal for controlling the system according to the first requirements for the functional safety of the system on the basis of the determined difference.

Abstract: A brake system for a motor vehicle. The brake system includes an autonomous emergency braking system to ascertain an object list using sensor data and continuously update the object list based on newly added sensor data, to ascertain a braking event based on the object list at a first point in time and to activate the actuating device to generate a hydraulic force if a braking event is ascertained, to recognize whether the braking event is still present based on the updated object list at a second point in time, after the first point in time; and to activate the hydraulic unit directly to reduce the hydraulic force applied to at least one wheel brake of the motor vehicle if the braking event is no longer present.

Abstract: An electromechanical drum brake for a motor vehicle. The electromechanical drum brake includes a drum, in which brake shoes are arranged, and an adjusting device, which is arranged between the brake shoes and driven by a drive unit and via which the brake shoes can be spread for braking. An end of each brake shoe that faces the adjusting device is supported on a support element cooperating with the adjusting device, movably in relation to the support element, wherein a spreading force of the adjusting device is transferable to the brake shoes via the support element.

Abstract: A brake system for a motor vehicle. The brake system includes an autonomous emergency braking system to ascertain an object list using sensor data and continuously update the object list based on newly added sensor data, to ascertain a braking event based on the object list at a first point in time and to activate the actuating device to generate a hydraulic force if a braking event is ascertained, to recognize whether the braking event is still present based on the updated object list at a second point in time, after the first point in time; and to activate the hydraulic unit directly to reduce the hydraulic force applied to at least one wheel brake of the motor vehicle if the braking event is no longer present.

Abstract: A method for output of haptic information to a driver of a motor vehicle via a brake pedal includes ascertaining, based on signals of an environment-sensor system, imminence of a traffic situation that poses a potential risk to the motor vehicle, and modifying, during a driving of the motor vehicle, independent of a driver input, and in response to the ascertained imminence of the traffic situation, a characteristic of the brake pedal of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A method for output of haptic information to a driver of a motor vehicle via a brake pedal includes ascertaining, based on signals of an environment-sensor system, imminence of a traffic situation that poses a potential risk to the motor vehicle, and modifying, during a driving of the motor vehicle, independent of a driver input, and in response to the ascertained imminence of the traffic situation, a characteristic of the brake pedal of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: In a method for detecting the loading state of a motor vehicle, first wheel loads of all wheels are ascertained in the absence of cornering, second wheel loads of at least the rear wheel which is on the inside of the curve and of the front wheel which is on the inside of the curve are ascertained when cornering, and information relating to the loading state of the motor vehicle is ascertained on the basis of the first and second wheel loads of the wheels which are on the inside of the curve.

Abstract: Diagnostic and therapeutic methods of cancer treatment and prevention using metabolic profiling compounds that contain [1,2-13C2]-D-glucose, and kits for using such metabolic profiling compounds.

Abstract: A method of doing business is disclosed whereby the process for selecting drug candidates is improved. The method involves the application of a technology which makes it possible to determine metabolic processes involved in the formation of any glucose-based metabolite. A precursor molecule is labeled with a stable carbon (13C) isotope at specific positions. The label is allowed to distribute and rearrange in the system. Metabolites are recovered and analyzed against a control system or known biochemical reactions and/or cycles to determine information such as metabolic pathway substrate flux caused by a compound acting on the system.

Abstract: The metabolic processes involved in the formation of any glucose-based metabolite of a metabolic network are determined. A precursor molecule is labeled with a stable carbon (13C) isotope at specific positions. The label is allowed to distribute and rearrange in the system. Metabolites are recovered and analyzed against a control system to determine a set of metabolic pathway substrate fluxes caused by changes to the test system relative to the control system such as the addition of compound being tested as a potential drug.

Abstract: Immobilized aminoacylase having high specific activity is obtained by covalent bonding of aminoacylase to a partially hydrolyzed Akrilex P type acrylamide-N,N.sup.1 -methylene-bis (acrylamide) copolymer. Covalent bonding is carried out by partially hydrolyzing the copolymer with a base or an acid to form carboxy groups, activating the carboxy groups with a carbodiimide and coupling aminoacylase to the activated carboxy groups. The aminoacylase may be isolated from mammal kidneys by forming an aqueous kidney extract, heat treating the extract and isolating aminoacylase from the heat treated extract.

Abstract: Aminoacylase is isolated from mammal kidneys by comminuting and homogenizing mammal kidney in water, centrifuging to form an aqueous extract, heating the aqueous extract at 60.degree. to 80.degree. C. for 5 to 15 minutes, centrifuging, adding a salt such as ammonium sulfate to the resultant supernatant, centrifuging to separate solids, dissolving the solids in water, dialyzing and recovering active aminoacylase from the dialyzed solution. The process produces aminoacylase with high specific activity and the process requires fewer purification steps. The aminoacylase obtained may be utilized directly without any subsequent purification to produce immonobilized aminoacylase. Immobilization can be carried out by covalent bonding of the aminoacylase to a partially hydrolyzed Akrilex P type acryl amide-N,N'-methylene-bis(arylamide) copolymer. The recovered aminoacylase can be subjected to two chromatographic purification steps to produce a very pure aminoacylase.