Abstract: A solid-state polymerized poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polymer is produced in a process including: providing a poly (tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polycondensate having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 10,000, as determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as standard, and having a content of carboxylic acid end groups of at most 50 meq/kg; and keeping the poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polycondensate at a temperature in the range of 80 to 140° C. to obtain a semi-crystalline polycondensate; and subjecting the semi-crystalline polycondensate to solid-state polymerization by keeping the semi-crystalline polycondensate at a temperature of at least 140° C. and below its melting point, whilst the semi-crystalline polycondensate is either under a flow of inert gas or under vacuum to obtain the solid-state polymerized poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polymer.

Abstract: A polyester including ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate units is prepared in a process, where in an esterification step a 2,5-furandicarboxylate compound is reacted with ethylene glycol to form an ester composition, including components with 2-hydroxyethyl and 2,5-furandicarboxylate moieties; where in a polycondensation step the ester composition thus obtained is subjected to polycondensation at reduced pressure in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst to obtain a polycondensate; and where during the polycondensation step 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid is added to the ester composition.

Abstract: A solid-state polymerized poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polymer is produced in a process including: providing a poly (tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polycondensate having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 10,000, as determined by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as standard, and having a content of carboxylic acid end groups of at most 50 meq/kg; and keeping the poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polycondensate at a temperature in the range of 80 to 140° C. to obtain a semi-crystalline polycondensate; and subjecting the semi-crystalline polycondensate to solid-state polymerization by keeping the semi-crystalline polycondensate at a temperature of at least 140° C. and below its melting point, whilst the semi-crystalline polycondensate is either under a flow of inert gas or under vacuum to obtain the solid-state polymerized poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) polymer.

Abstract: A polyester including at least one furandicarboxylate unit, at least one saturated, linear or branched, diol unit including from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one bicyclic diol unit, the said bicyclic diol being chosen from: isosorbide, isoidide, isomannide, 2,3:4,5-di-O-methylene-galactitol, and 2,4:3,5-di-O-methylene-D-mannitol. The glass transition temperature of the polyester is greater than or equal to 90° C. Processes for preparing this polyester are also described.

Abstract: A polyester including ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate units is prepared in a process, where in an esterification step a 2,5-furandicarboxylate compound is reacted with ethylene glycol to form an ester composition, including components with 2-hydroxyethyl and 2,5-furandicarboxylate moieties; where in a polycondensation step the ester composition thus obtained is subjected to polycondensation at reduced pressure in the presence of a polycondensation catalyst to obtain a polycondensate; and where during the polycondensation step 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid is added to the ester composition.

Abstract: A polyester-containing object, such as an injection stretch blow molded bottle, a biaxially oriented film or a drawn fiber, is made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate). The poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) has a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards, and includes an antimony catalyst.

Abstract: A simple to operate personal water purification device using membrane type filtration with almost constant pressure exerted to the membrane filter during the operation. The water inlet is connected to the high pressure chamber via a non-return valve. The water from the chamber is injected via the piston into the already pressurized circuit which maintenance filter working pressure. A pressurized circuit is formed in the concentrate cylinder and the filtration unit. The fluid circulation within the pressurized circuit is enabled via motion of a circulation piston. The permeate outlet produces potable water while the remaining concentrate is returned to the return chamber. The circulation piston and high pressure piston are connected via piston coupling and operated, preferably, by hand activating reciprocal motion of the piston rod. The membrane type filtration can be a ultra-filtration membrane, a nano-filtration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane.

Abstract: A simple to operate personal water purification device using membrane type filtration with almost constant pressure exerted to the membrane filter during the operation. The water inlet is connected to the high pressure chamber via a non-return valve. The water from the chamber is injected via the piston into the already pressurized circuit which maintenance filter working pressure. A pressurized circuit is formed in the concentrate cylinder and the filtration unit. The fluid circulation within the pressurized circuit is enabled via motion of a circulation piston. The permeate outlet produces potable water while the remaining concentrate is returned to the return chamber. The circulation piston and high pressure piston are connected via piston coupling and operated, preferably, by hand activating reciprocal motion of the piston rod. The membrane type filtration can be a ultra-filtration membrane, a nano-filtration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone and having a number average molecular weight of at least 10,000 (as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards) includes a first step wherein a prepolymer is made having the 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, followed in a second step by a polycondensation reaction. In the first step a 2,5-furandicarboxylate ester is transesterified with a compound or mixture of compounds containing two or more hydroxyl groups, in the presence of a tin(IV) based transesterification catalyst. In the second step at reduced pressure and under melt conditions the prepolymer prepared in the first step is polycondensed in the presence of a tin (II) based polycondensation catalyst until the polymer is obtained. This polymer may then be subjected to Solid State Polycondensation.

Abstract: A polyester including at least one furandicarboxylate unit, at least one saturated, linear or branched, diol unit including from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one bicyclic diol unit, the said bicyclic diol being chosen from: isosorbide, isoidide, isomannide, 2,3:4,5-di-O-methylene-galactitol, and 2,4:3,5-di-O-methylene-D-mannitol. The glass transition temperature of the polyester is greater than or equal to 90° C. Processes for preparing this polyester are also described.

Abstract: A polyester-containing object, such as an injection stretch blow moulded bottle, a biaxially oriented film or a drawn fibre, is made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate). The poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) has a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards, and includes an antimony catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone and having a number average molecular weight of at least 10,000 (as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards) includes a first step where a prepolymer is made having the 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, followed in a second step by a polycondensation reaction. Polymers so produced may have a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, and having a number average molecular weight of at least 20,000 (as determined by GPC based on styrene standards), and an absorbance as a 5 mg/mL solution in a dichloromethane:hexafluoroisopropanol 8:2 at 400 nm of below 0.05.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, and having a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, includes a transesterification step, a polycondensation step, a drying and/or crystallizing step, and a step where the polymer is subjected to post condensation conditions, and to a polyester-containing bottle or film or fiber-containing woven or non-woven object made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), where the poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is obtainable by the process of the invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone and having a number average molecular weight of at least 10,000 (as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards) includes a first step where a prepolymer is made having the 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, followed in a second step by a polycondensation reaction. In the first step a 2,5-furandicarboxylate ester is transesterified with a compound or mixture of compounds containing two or more hydroxyl groups, in the presence of a tin(IV) based transesterification catalyst. In the second step at reduced pressure and under melt conditions the prepolymer prepared in the first step is polycondensed in the presence of a tin (II) based polycondensation catalyst until the polymer is obtained. This polymer may then be subjected to Solid State Polycondensation.

Abstract: A product including a furandicarboxylate compound and diol is obtained from a furandicarboxylate containing polyester in a process, which includes reacting a polymer composition including furandicarboxylate containing polyester with water or an alcohol, such as an alkyl alcohol with from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in the presence of a base, that is preferably selected from the group consisting of metal hydrides, metal alkoxides, metal carbonates, metal carboxylates, N-heterocyclic carbenes, amidines, guanidines, phosphazenes and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, and having a number average molecular weight of at least 25,000, includes a transesterification step, a polycondensation step, a drying and/or crystallizing step, and a step where the polymer is subjected to post condensation conditions, and to a polyester-containing bottle or film or fibre-containing woven or non-woven object made from melt-processing poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), where the poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is obtainable by the process of the invention.

Abstract: A product including a furandicarboxylate compound and diol is obtained from a furandicarboxylate containing polyester in a process, which includes reacting a polymer composition including furandicarboxylate containing polyester with water or an alcohol, such as an alkyl alcohol with from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in the presence of a base, that is preferably selected from the group consisting of metal hydrides, metal alkoxides, metal carbonates, metal carboxylates, N-heterocyclic carbenes, amidines, guanidines, phosphazenes and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer having a 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone and having a number average molecular weight of at least 10,000 (as determined by GPC based on polystyrene standards) includes a first step where a prepolymer is made having the 2,5-furandicarboxylate moiety within the polymer backbone, followed in a second step by a polycondensation reaction. In the first step a 2,5-furandicarboxylate ester is transesterified with a compound or mixture of compounds containing two or more hydroxyl groups, in the presence of a tin(IV) based transesterification catalyst. In the second step at reduced pressure and under melt conditions the prepolymer prepared in the first step is polycondensed in the presence of a tin (II) based polycondensation catalyst until the polymer is obtained. This polymer may then be subjected to Solid State Polycondensation.

Abstract: Novel copolymers, including block copolymers, which comprise: (a) a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to one or more olefin monomer species and (b) a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to one or more protected or unprotected hydroxystyrene monomer species.

Abstract: Novel copolymers, including block copolymers, which comprise: (a) a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to one or more olefin monomer species and (b) a plurality of constitutional units that correspond to one or more protected or unprotected hydroxystyrene monomer species.