Abstract: An electrode for dosing oxygen into a metal halide lamp, where the electrode supplies oxygen during lamp operation in an amount effective to maintain a wall cleaning tungsten halogen chemical cycle. Use of the oxygen dosing electrode increases the lumen maintenance of the lamp to 80% or higher at 6000 hours. A method for making an oxidized electrode for use as an oxygen dispenser into the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp is also provided.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp having improved lumen maintenance due to improved wall cleaning through use of a wall cleaning tungsten halogen chemical cycle. Oxygen for the wall cleaning tungsten halogen cycle is provided by an oxidized electrode.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp, comprising an inner discharge tube, an outer envelope, current leads, a lamp stem in the outer envelope for containing the current leads, a longitudinal axis, a getter holder having a surface with getter thereon for increasing the service life of the lamp, the surface of the getter holder being located adjacent to and facing the lamp stem at a maximum angle of 90.degree. with the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An exhaust head unit for compact fluorescent lamps comprises an exhaust head block, a double rubber seal arranged in the block and serving for the reception of exhaust tubes, a vacuum valve, a gas valve, and a diaphragm for regulating the gas flow, as well as a vacuum duct and a gas duct. The vacuum valve, the gas valve and the adjoining vacuum and gas ducts are all arranged within a single exhaust head block, the diaphragm of the gas flow simultaneously constituting the seat of the gas valve.

Abstract: A process for flushing and filling a low pressure gas discharge lamp which has an exhaust tube and discharge electrodes at each of its ends and which is provided with a discharge vessel for limiting or bounding the gas discharge, wherein the course of the process the discharge vessel is coupled via the exhaust tubes to a pumping apparatus. Flushing or fill gas is continually charged into the discharge vessel via one of the exhaust tubes and simultaneously via the other exhaust tube the gas is discharged in such a manner that within the discharge vessel an equilibrium pressure prevails which coincides with the final charging pressure of the lamp, while the flow rate of the flowing gas is expediently maintained at a constant value.

Abstract: A high-pressure gas discharge light source with high light conversion efficiency and color rendering, having a translucent discharge vessel of high melting point material in which electrodes of high melting point material are suspended and containing a filling of an inert gas or a mixture of inert gases, at least one metal halide and optionally one or more metals in the elemental state under cold conditions, wherein the ratio of the metal to the halogen forming the halide is stoichiometric or greater, and the specific wall load factor is between 25 and 200 W/cm.sup.2 and/or the quantity of the halide or halides is 0.01 to 1 mg per centimeter length of the arc.