Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion apparatus having an upright combustion chamber with a lower end at which a fluidized bed is formed and combustion takes place. First and second upright partitions are provided in the combustion chamber to divide the combustion chamber into a plurality of sections. The first partition divides the combustion chamber into first and second sections which are joined together by a turning space above an upper end of the first partition and the second partition is hollow and has an open, upper end in communication with the turning space to receive a portion of the combustion products therein. The lower end of the second partition is open to supply the combustion products to the fluidized bed.

Abstract: There is described an additive composition for improving the properties of building materials, the composition comprising hydrochloric acid, aluminum, lime milk, ammonia, and oil in varying amounts and which when mixed with concrete or mortar mix provides a building material having improved properties. A process for making the additive and also for utilizing the same with concrete or mortar mix is also disclosed.

Abstract: A hybrid combustion system is provided combining advantages of a fluidized bed combustion portion and a pulverized coal combustion portion. The former portion includes a fluidized bed chamber, a coal mill without an air separator, a recycling duct connected to the coal mill, a coal supply duct, and a spray feeder. The fluidized coal combustion portion includes a pulverizing coal mill with air separator, a blowing duct for blowing ground coal, at least one pulverized coal burner and an air recycling duct for recycling combustion air. Fluidized bed combustion takes place in a lower part of the system and pulverized coal combustion takes place above the fluidized bed combustion. Each of the portions may be independently operated of the other. A main combustion chamber is common to both the fluidized bed portion and the pulverized coal portion. A related process is also described.