Abstract: The invention relates to a process for obtaining aqueous extracts of tea leaves (Camellia sinensis), in particular of leaves of fresh tea, pu'er tea, matcha tea or green tea. The invention also relates to tea extracts enriched with small RNAs, sugars, phenolic compounds, organic acids, theine and theanine, as well as to cosmetic compositions comprising such extracts and their cosmetic uses for the care of the skin, the scalp, and the appendages and more particularly for protecting the skin from external aggressions and oxidation, combating the signs of skin ageing, increasing photoprotection, lightening the skin and improving skin hydration.