Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 30% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 30% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A building curtain wall is formed by vertical frame members carrying panels of glass bridging the space between the members so that edges of the panels are mounted on the members. Each frame member is a hollow pultruded member defined by a thermo-set resin reinforced by reinforcing fibers including longitudinal rovings and a mat located at an exposed surface of the inner wall and the side walls of the generally rectangular member. The exterior surface is defined by the resin which is pigmented but uncoated. In order to provide a required finish to the exterior surfaces the inner wall and the side walls have a thickness of at least 0.090 inch with a difference in thickness therebetween which is less than 20%.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 30% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 30% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A corner joint between two frame lineals of a pultruded window frame is defined by inserting a leg of a corner member into a hollow interior of each lineal and attaching the legs to the lineals by adhesive. Each leg has a plurality of surfaces thereof each having a first portion at the corner which lies closely adjacent a corresponding surface of the first lineal and a second portion, at the end of the first portion remote from the corner which tapers inwardly away from the corresponding surface of the first lineal such that a spacing therebetween increases in the direction away from the corner. The adhesive is applied to the tapered portion and the taper acts to force the adhesive along the leg to the first portion and to the ends of the lineals where the excess can be wiped away.

Abstract: A building curtain wall is formed by vertical frame members carrying panels of glass bridging the space between the members so that edges of the panels are mounted on the members. Each frame member is a hollow pultruded member defined by a thermo-set resin reinforced by reinforcing fibers including longitudinal rovings and a mat located at an exposed surface of the inner wall and the side walls of the generally rectangular member. The exterior surface is defined by the resin which is pigmented but uncoated. In order to provide a required finish to the exterior surfaces the inner wall and the side walls have a thickness of at least 0.090 inch with a difference in thickness therebetween which is less than 20%.

Abstract: A method for forming a pultruded part includes collating reinforcing fibers by providing a first layer of reinforcing rovings extending in the longitudinal pultrusion direction, applying onto the first layer an intermediate layer of reinforcing fibers at least some of which include at least portions thereof which extend in the transverse direction and covering the intermediate layer with a second layer of rovings extending in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively the transverse fiber layer is formed on the inside surface of a hollow part. To the collated fibers is applied a urethane resin so as to permeate through the layers and the materials are passed through a die to form a thermo-set cross-linked poly-urethane. The transverse layer or layers are relatively thin having a weight less than or equal to 0.5 ounces per square foot and more preferably as low as 0.25 ounces or 0.1 ounces.

Abstract: A mullion for a window frame is formed by two frame members back to back to form the mullion. The facing surfaces are connected by providing aligned first and second recesses therein where each of the recesses has a mouth at the which is narrower than a base and has a connecting member along the aligned recesses with a portion of the connecting member within each recess as a loose fit. Each connecting member has associated with it an insert member with an insert portion between the outer surfaces of the first and second frame members forcing the outer surfaces apart to tighten the connecting member and a cover portion covering a junction between the side surfaces.

Abstract: A corner joint between two frame lineals of a pultruded window frame is defined by inserting a leg of a corner member into a hollow interior of each lineal and attaching the legs to the lineals by adhesive. Each leg has a plurality of surfaces thereof each having a first portion at the corner which lies closely adjacent a corresponding surface of the first lineal and a second portion, at the end of the first portion remote from the corner which tapers inwardly away from the corresponding surface of the first lineal such that a spacing therebetween increases in the direction away from the corner. The adhesive is applied to the tapered portion and the taper acts to force the adhesive along the leg to the first portion and to the ends of the lineals where the excess can be wiped away.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 30% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 40% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A method of making a pultruded part having a uniform cross-section using a novel reinforcing mat. The method comprises orienting a plurality of longitudinal rovings along a longitudinal axis of a pultrusion die; providing a reinforcing structure comprising a permeable transport web of staple fibers attached to a plurality of first reinforcing fibers oriented so that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis comprises at least 40% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure; shaping the reinforcing structure to generally conform with a profile of the pultrusion die; combining a resin matrix with the longitudinal rovings and the reinforcing structure in the pultrusion die so that the longitudinal rovings and the reinforcing structure are substantially surrounded by the resin matrix; at least partially curing the resin matrix in the pultrusion die; and pulling the pultruded part from the pultrusion die.

Abstract: A method for forming a pultruded part includes collating reinforcing fibers by providing a first layer of reinforcing rovings extending in the longitudinal pultrusion direction, applying onto the first layer an intermediate layer of reinforcing fibers at least some of which include at least portions thereof which extend in the transverse direction and covering the intermediate layer with a second layer of rovings extending in the longitudinal direction. To the collated fibers is applied a resin so as to permeate through the layers and the materials are passed through a die to set the resin. The first and second layers are arranged to form first and second opposed surfaces of the part with the intermediate layer therebetween.

Abstract: A golf club iron has a club head having a generally planar generally rectangular front face for impacting a ball with a horizontal top edge and a horizontal bottom edge. The front face is symmetrical about an imaginary upright center line at right angles to a transverse line and equidistant between the sides so that the upright center line and the transverse center line intersect at an imaginary center point of the front face. The club head defines an imaginary horizontal center line at right angles to the transverse line passing through the imaginary center point of the front face and substantially through the center of gravity of the head. A tubular shaft hosel is integrally attached to the rear face of the club head with an axis of the tubular hosel at the club head coaxial with the axis of the shaft. The hosel is arranged so that the axis of the shaft and the hosel intersects the imaginary horizontal center line at a position reward of the center of gravity.

Abstract: A golf club iron has a club head having a generally planar generally rectangular front face for impacting a ball with a horizontal top edge and a horizontal bottom edge. The front face is symmetrical about an imaginary upright center line at right angles to a transverse line and equidistant between the sides so that the upright center line and the transverse center line intersect at an imaginary center point of the front face. The club head defines an imaginary horizontal center line at right angles to the transverse line passing through the imaginary center point of the front face and substantially through the center of gravity of the head. A tubular shaft hosel is integrally attached to the rear face of the club head with an axis of the tubular hosel at the club head coaxial with the axis of the shaft. The hosel is arranged so that the axis of the shaft and the hosel intersects the imaginary horizontal center line at a position reward of the center of gravity.

Abstract: A method for forming a pultruded part includes collating reinforcing fibers by providing a first layer of reinforcing rovings extending in the longitudinal pultrusion direction, applying onto the first layer an intermediate layer of reinforcing fibers at least some of which include at least portions thereof which extend in the transverse direction and covering the intermediate layer with a second layer of rovings extending in the longitudinal direction. To the collated fibers is applied a resin so as to permeate through the layers and the materials are passed through a die to set the resin. The first and second layers are arranged to form first and second opposed surfaces of the part with the intermediate layer therebetween.

Abstract: A method for forming a pultruded part includes collating reinforcing fibers by providing a first layer of reinforcing rovings extending in the longitudinal pultrusion direction, applying onto the first layer an intermediate layer of reinforcing fibers at least some of which include at least portions thereof which extend in the transverse direction and covering the intermediate layer with a second layer of rovings extending in the longitudinal direction. To the collated fibers is applied a resin so as to permeate through the layers and the materials are passed through a die to set the resin. The first and second layers are arranged to form first and second opposed surfaces of the part with the intermediate layer therebetween.

Abstract: A pultruded part having a uniform cross-section and a longitudinal axis. The pultruded part comprises a plurality of longitudinal rovings oriented along the longitudinal axis, a reinforcing structure and a resin matrix. The reinforcing structure comprises a permeable transport web of staple fibers attached to a plurality of first reinforcing fibers oriented so that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in a transverse direction comprises at least 40% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure. The resin matrix substantially surrounds the longitudinal rovings and the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A method of preparing a reinforcing structure for use in manufacture a pultruded part where the reinforcing structure is pulled through a pultrusion die in a continuous longitudinal pull direction. The method includes arranging a plurality of first reinforcing fibers in a transverse direction and attaching a permeable transport web of staple fibers to the first reinforcing fibers such that the portion of the first reinforcing fibers oriented in the direction transverse comprises at least 40% of a volume of materials comprising the reinforcing structure.