Abstract: The present invention relates to a process facilitating the regeneration of a catalyst based on a zeolite, employed in an acylation reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process facilitating the regeneration of a catalyst based on a zeolite, employed in an acylation reaction.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of sulphonation characterised in that it consists in contacting a nucleophile whose nucleophilic atom is a nitrogen atom with a reagent comprising by successive or simultaneous addition: a heavy sulphonyl halide (i.e. whose atomic number is not less than that of chlorine), advantageously suphonyl chloride; and an organic base both not capable of alkylation and lipid soluble; and the organic part of said sulphonyl is perfluorinated on the carbon carried by the sulphur. The invention is applicable to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of sulphonation characterized in that it consists in contacting a nucleophile whose nucleophilic atom is a nitrogen atom with a reagent comprising by successive or simultaneous addition: a heavy sulphonyl halide (i.e. whose atomic number is not less than that of chlorine), advantageously suphonyl chloride; and an organic base both not capable of alkylation and lipid soluble; and the organic part of said sulphonyl is perfluorinated on the carbon carried by the sulphur. The invention is applicable to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of sulphonation characterised in that it consists in contacting a nucleophile whose nucleophilic atom is a nitrogen atom with a reagent comprising by successive or simultaneous addition: a heavy sulphonyl halide (i.e. whose atomic number is not less than that of chlorine), advantageously suphonyl chloride; and an organic base both not capable of alkylation and lipid soluble; and the organic part of said sulphonyl is perfluorinated on the carbon carried by the sulphur. The invention is applicable to organic synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention includes a process for the preparation of a lactam by vapor phase reaction of an aliphatic aminonitrile with water in the presence of a solid catalyst, wherein the catalyst is an alumina having a specific surface, measured by the BET method, greater than or equal to 10 m2/g. The alumina catalyst is further characterized by either: (a) a specific surface less than or equal to 280 m2/g, and a volume of pores with a diameter greater than 500 Å which is greater than or equal to 10 ml/100 g; or (b) a specific surface greater than or equal to 50 m2/g and less than or equal to 280 m2/g, and a volume of pores with a diameter greater than 70 Å which is greater than or equal to 30 m2/g.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of halide compounds, preferably aryl halides, by contacting a gaseous mixture of hydrohalic acid and a compound selected from an aryl halogen formate, an aryl carbonate and equivalents thereof with a Lewis acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for acylation of an aromatic compound. The acylation process of the invention consists of reacting the aromatic compound with an acylation agent in the presence of a zeolitic catalyst, and is characterized in that it consists of: mixing the aromatic compound and the acylation compound in any manner; passing said mixture over a catalytic bed comprising at least one zeolite; recirculating the reaction mixture from the catalytic bed over the catalytic bed for a number of times which is sufficient to obtain the desired degree of conversion of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the synthesis of a halogen substituted aryl nitrile, where the halogens are selected from Cl, Br, or I, by reacting an aryl dihalide with a halogen/fluoride exchange reactant to produce a halogen substituted aryl fluoride which is then reacted with a fluoride/cyanide exchange reactant to produce the halogen substituted aryl nitrile.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the acylation of an aromatic thioether. In its preferred variant, the invention resides in a process for the condensation of acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride with thioanisole. The process for the acylation of an aromatic thioether according to the invention is characterised in that it consists in reacting said thioether with an acylating agent chosen from the group formed by the halides of carboxylic acids and the anhydrides of carboxylic acids, in the presence of an effective quantity of an acid zeolite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydroxylation of phenolic compounds and, more particularly, to a process for the hydroxylation of phenols and phenolic ethers with hydrogen peroxide. The invention relates to a process for the hydroxylation of phenolic compounds using hydrogen peroxide, said process being characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective quantity of at least one rare earth or bismuth triflate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the acylation of an aromatic ether.Preferably the invention relates to a process for the acylation of a substituted aromatic ether, in particular veratrol.The acylation process of the invention consists of reacting the ether with an acylation agent in the presence of a zeolitic catalyst, and is characterized in that the acylation reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective quantity of a catalyst comprising a faujasite type zeolite or a Y zeolite with the following physico-chemical characteristics:an atomic ratio denoted "global Si/Me.sup.1 " between the number of atoms of the element silicon and the number of atoms of every trivalent element Me.sup.1 contained in the zeolite in the range 2.4 to 90, preferably in the range 2.4 to 75, and more preferably in the range 2.4 to 60;an Me.sup.2 alkali metal content such that the atomic ratio Me.sup.2 /Me.sup.1(IV) between the number of atoms of alkali metal Me.sup.

Abstract: A process for the hemihydrogenation of aliphatic dinitriles to the corresponding aminonitriles using hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, a strong inorganic base and water is disclosed. Using the disclosed process, a selectivity for the desired aminonitriles of at least 60% can be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the acylation of an aromatic ether.Preferably, the invention relates to a process for the acylation of an unsubstituted aromatic ether, in particular anisole.The acylation process of the invention consists of reacting the ether with an acylation agent in the presence of a zeolitic catalyst, and is characterized in that the acylation reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective quantity of a catalyst comprising a beta zeolite with an atomic ratio denoted "global Si/Me.sup.1 " between the number of atoms of the element silicon and the number of atoms of every trivalent element Me.sup.1 contained in the zeolite of no less than 15, preferably in the range 15 to 55, and more preferably in the range 18 to 35.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the hydroxyalkylation of a carbocyclic aromatic ether.The invention preferably relates to the preparation of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol by the hydroxymethylation of guaiacol.It also concerns the oxidation of the hydroxyalkylated ethers obtained, in particular the oxidation of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol to 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, commonly known as "vanillin".The process for the hydroxyalkylation of a carbocyclic aromatic ether of the invention consists of reacting the aromatic ether with a carbonyl compound in the presence of a catalyst and is characterized in that the hydroxyalkylation reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective quantity of a zeolite.

Abstract: Carbocyclic/aliphatic ethers, for example anisole, quaicol, guaethol, p-methoxyphenol and ethylene dioxybenzene, are selectively prepared, in good yield, by reacting a phenolic compound, for example a phenol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechin, naphthol, or the like, with an alcohol, for example methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, etc., in gaseous phase, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a trivalent rare earth metal orthophosphate, for example a lanthanum, cerium or samarium orthophosphate, optionally doped with an alkali or alkaline earth metal, preferably cesium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of lactams from dinitriles.It consists more precisely of a process for the preparation of lactam, linking two stages in series, one of hemihydrogenation of dinitrile to aminonitrile, the other of cyclizing hydrolysis of the aminonitrile after only one simple purification operation.Aliphatic lactams, such as especially epsilon-caprolactam, are base compounds for the preparation of polyamides (polyamide 6 from caprolactam).

Abstract: The process for cleaving the heavy by-products derived from the synthesis of alkylchlorosilanes, in particular C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylchlorosilanes, more particularly methylchlorosilanes, in particular for the cleavage of alkylchlorodisilanes, in particular methylchlorodisilanes having from one to five chlorine atoms, is carried out by treatment with hydrochloric acid in the presence of a catalytic system which comprises at least one metal phosphate, preferably associated with a basic impregnation compound.The metal phosphate may in particular correspond to the formula:M(XPO.sub.4).sub.yin which M represents a metal chosen from:monovalent metals, in which case X is 2H and y=1divalent metals, in which case X is H and y=1trivalent metals, in which case X is absent and y=1tetravalent metals, in which case X is: H and y=2pentavalent metals, in which case X is 0 and y=1.

Abstract: Ketones having at least one hydrogen atom or ester group in the .alpha.-position with respect to a ketonic carbonyl group thereof, for example cyclopentanone, 2-methylcyclopentanone and other substituted cyclopentanones, are effectively C- or .alpha.-alkylated, especially on an industrial scale, by reacting same with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a condensed or uncondensed orthophosphate anion.

Abstract: Lactams, in particular epsilon-caprolactam (a basic starting material for the production of nylon 6), are selectively prepared by cyclizing/reacting the corresponding aminonitriles with water, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a deactivation-resistant solid metal phosphate having the general formula (II):MH.sub.h (PO.sub.4).sub.n .multidot.(Imp).sub.pin which M is a divalent, trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent element selected from among those of Groups 2a, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, 8, 2b, 3a, 4a and 5a of the Periodic Table, or mixture thereof, or M=0; Imp is a basic impregnating compound which comprises an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or mixture thereof, together with an electrical neutrality-ensuing counteranion therefor; n is 1, 2 or 3; h is 0, 1 or 2; and p is a number ranging from 0 to 1/3, corresponding to the molar ratio between the moiety Imp and the moiety MH.sub.h (PO.sub.4).sub.n.