Abstract: A furnace for melting batch materials, including, upstream in the direction of flow of the molten materials, a zone for introducing solid batch materials, and including a submerged burner and an overhead surface burner providing a flame that touches the surface of the glass at the point where the bubble from the submerged burner emerges. This association of an overhead, especially roof-mounted, burner and a submerged burner reduces the quantity of batch stones that may be sent toward the downstream end of the furnace.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of combustion in a furnace provided with a burner comprising an inlet for oxidizer comprising between 10% and 30% of oxygen and an inlet for fuel terminating in the furnace outside the oxidizer inlet and at a distance therefrom of between 0.3 and 4 times the equivalent diameter of the oxidizer inlet, said oxidizer entering the furnace at a speed of between 10 and 60 m/s. This method permits a significant reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions and is suitable for glass furnaces in particular.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of combustion in a furnace provided with a burner comprising an inlet for oxidizer comprising between 10% and 30% of oxygen and an inlet for fuel terminating in the furnace outside the oxidizer inlet and at a distance therefrom of between 0.3 and 4 times the equivalent diameter of the oxidizer inlet, said oxidizer entering the furnace at a speed of between 10 and 60 m/s. This method permits a significant reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions and is suitable for glass furnaces in particular.

Abstract: A furnace for melting batch materials, including, upstream in the direction of flow of the molten materials, a zone for introducing solid batch materials, and including a submerged burner and an overhead surface burner providing a flame that touches the surface of the glass at the point where the bubble from the submerged burner emerges. This association of an overhead, especially roof-mounted, burner and a submerged burner reduces the quantity of batch stones that may be sent toward the downstream end of the furnace.

Abstract: This method includes the steps consisting in creating an excavation; installing a watertight membrane (11) over the entire excavation and over the area (5) intended to receive the coping; installing grids (21) along the lateral walls of the excavation, at a specific distance from the watertight membrane (11); connecting these grids (21) together pouring concrete (30) into the excavation and immobilizing the grids (21) with respect to the excavation; holding the upper portion of the grids (21) in relation to the ground filling the space between the grids (21) and the watertight membrane (11) with a decorative filling material, in particular pebbles (39); and building the coping so as to permanently immobilize the grids (21).