Abstract: An aluminoxane product is prepared by reacting water which contains a stabilizing agent, such as a lithium halide, with a hydrocarbyl aluminum compound, such as tri-methylaluminum, in an organic solvent. The product has increased resistance to gel-formation therein because of the stabilizing agent dissolved in the water used in forming the reaction product.

Abstract: A aluminoxane product is prepared by reacting water which contains a stabilizing agent, such as a lithium halide, with a hydrocarbyl aluminum compound, such as trimethylaluminum, in an organic solvent.

Abstract: Exo-isomers of polyalkylcyclopentadienes are converted to endo-isomers by contacting the exo-isomers with an acid such as aqueous HCl.

Abstract: Activated carboxylic acids and esters such as pentafluorobenzoic acid are rapidly decarboxylated in high yields by reacting the acid or ester with an alkanolamine reagent which catalyzes the reaction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing the biological activity in water by feeding a solution of BrCl stabilized by a hydrohalic acid or an aqueous halide salt into the water to be treated in an amount sufficient to effect the reduction of biological activity in the water thus treated.

Abstract: A process of selectively preparing p-bromo-o-alkylanilines (e.g. 4-bromo-2-methylaniline) by reacting o-alkylanilines (e.g., 2-methylaniline) with unadsorbed bromine in a solvent selected from the group consisting of an inert di- tri- or tetrahaloaliphatic hydrocarbon (e.g., dichloromethane and dibromomethane), an alkyl nitrile (e.g., acetonitrile) and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Ether disulfonates or mixtures of ether monosulfonates and ether disulfonates are disclosed as useful surfactants in the recovery of oil.

Abstract: An ether sulfinate/sulfonate or disulfonate having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is a hydrocarbon group having from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms,Y is SO.sub.2 M or SO.sub.3 M,Z is hydrogen or a methyl group, andM is an alkali metal, alkylammonium or ammonium cation and mixtures of each of said sulfinate/sulfonate and said disulfonate with an ether monosulfonate having the following formula:ROCH.sub.2 CH(Z)CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 Mwherein:R is a hydrocarbon group having from about 6 to about 24 carbon atoms,Z is hydrogen or a methyl group, andM is an alkali metal, alkylammonium or ammonium cation.

Abstract: 10-oxytetracyclo[4.2.1.2.sup.3,8.0.sup.2,5 ]undecane and its lower alkyl-substituted congeners and their synthesis by contacting a tricyclo[4.2.1.0.sup.2,5.0]non-7-en-3-yl-methanol with a strong acid so that cyclization occurs. The compounds of this invention have desirable fragrance characteristics and their stability against oxidative deterioration during storage, transportation, and use enhances their usefulness as fragrance materials.

Abstract: By treating a primary or secondary alkenol having an olefinic bond in the sixth position relative to the carbon atom carrying the hydroxyl group and at least one methyl group in the fifth position relative to said carbon atom with a strong acid (e.g., 85 percent phosphoric acid), 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyrans are produced via a cyclization reaction. The products have desirable fragrance characteristics.

Abstract: By treating a primary or secondary alkenol having an olefinic bond in the sixth position relative to the carbon atom carrying the hydroxyl group and at least one methyl group in the fifth position relative to said carbon atom with a strong acid (e.g., 85 percent phosphoric acid), 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyrans are produced via a cyclization reaction. The products have desirable fragrance characteristics.

Abstract: Aldehydes are produced by cleaving 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyrans bearing two hydrogen atoms in the sixth position with a strong acid. The 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyran can be formed in situ by contacting the strong acid with a primary 6-alken-1-ol having at least one methyl group in the fifth position so that cyclization occurs.

Abstract: By treating a primary or secondary alkenol having an olefinic bond in the sixth position relative to the carbon atom carrying the hydroxyl group and at least one methyl group in the fifth position relative to said carbon atom with a strong acid (e.g., 85 percent phosphoric acid), 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyrans are produced via a cyclization reaction. The products have desirable fragrance characteristics.

Abstract: Chloro alkyl nitriles containing from about 3 to about 7 carbon atoms, such as chlorobutyronitrile, are produced in high purity by reacting the corresponding bromochloro alkane, typically 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, with alkali metal cyanide or alkaline earth metal cyanide in an aqueous system in the presence of catalyst of the formula (R).sub.4 MX wherein M is a Group V-A element; one, two or three of the R groups are lower alkyl having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, or phenyl; each of the other R groups is alkyl having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, or phenyl; X is a compatible anion such as chlorine, iodine, or bromine atom or a hydroxyl group. Such catalysts, especially tributyl methyl ammonium chloride, bromide, or iodide are effective during the reaction and are readily removed from the product after the reaction. Organic phase product from this reaction is purified in a sequence of several steps. Preferably, it is washed with water to remove at least a part of the residual catalyst present therein.

Abstract: Tricyclo[4.2.1.0.sup.2,5 ]non-7-enes wherein the 3 position is substituted by a methylol group may be made by reacting a bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene with a 2-alkenyl magnesium compound in a 1:1 ratio to yield a molecular addition product which is then oxidized and hydrolyzed to give the 3-methylol product. These substituted tricyclo[4.2.1.0.sup.2,5 ]non-7-enes are useful, inter alia, as intermediates for the manufacture of lubricating oil additives and various other useful products and they may be used for gas scrubbing applications and the like.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing alkyl sulfonates by the addition of bisulfite ions to olefinic double bonds. In the process, ammonium, or alkali metal bisulfite and olefins having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms per molecule are reacted in the presence of lower alkanol having from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, water and a reaction initiating agent.