Abstract: An antenna subarray is disclosed that includes a main board comprising a first substrate, a patterned conductive layer coupled to the first substrate, and a first antenna element coupled to the first substrate. The subarray also includes at least one ancillary board comprising a second substrate coupled to and extending outward from the first substrate and a second antenna element coupled to the second substrate and coupled through a soldered connection to the patterned conductive layer.

Abstract: A method of forming overlapping antenna subarrays includes forming one or more first-level subarrays by combing multiple elements. Each first-level subarray may have a phase center. One or more second-level subarrays may be formed by arranging a number of the first-level subarrays to form each first-level subarray. One or more third-level subarrays may be formed by arranging a number of the second-level subarrays to form each second-level subarray. The first-level, second-level, and third-level subarrays may include overlapping antenna subarrays. Each element may include an antenna element. Some of the first level, second-level, or third level subarrays may have an interlocking feature that allows interlocking of each subarray with another one of the same subarray. Arranging subarrays may include interlocking subarrays.

Abstract: A first plurality of antenna elements is arranged in a lattice structure to form trifilar subarrays having a generally hexagonal perimeter. A second plurality of the trifilar subarrays is arranged into substantially equilateral triangular facets that may be combined into substantially planar elements to create geometric apertures of a conformal antenna structure. The geometric apertures may be combined to form conformal antennas approximating hemispherical, spherical or cylindrical structures.

Abstract: A beamforming network includes a plurality of signal conditioning devices in signal communication with each other, wherein each of the signal conditioning devices receives an input signal, conditions the input signal by independently and selectively adjusting at least one of a time delay, a phase, and an amplitude of the input signal, and transmits an output signal to at least one of another of the signal conditioning devices, an antenna, and a load.

Abstract: A wideband interference suppression system comprises at least one signal conditioning device receiving at least one input signal having a signal of interest portion and an interference signal portion, wherein the at least one signal conditioning device is adapted to provide selective, independent, and variable control of one of a phase, a time delay, an amplitude, a radio frequency signal division, and a radio frequency signal summation of the at least one input signal to produce a modified signal. A tunable cross correlator receives a signal representative of the modified signal and is adapted to estimate one of an amplitude, a time delay and a phase delay parameter of the interference signal portion and to generate a control logic signal therefrom, wherein the control logic signal is received by the at least one signal conditioning device for independently and selectively activating and adjusting the various components thereof to suppress the interference signal portion.

Abstract: A channelized amplification system and method for mitigating non-linear amplification effects and controlling spectral re-growth is disclosed. A channelized amplifier system includes a frequency divider, a plurality of distributors coupled to the frequency divider, and a plurality of amplification modules coupled to the plurality of distributors. Each of the plurality of amplification modules includes a plurality of channelized non-linear amplifiers, a frequency combiner having a plurality of band-pass filters and coupled to the plurality of channelized non-linear amplifiers, and a band-pass filter coupled to the frequency combiner.

Abstract: A true time delay beamforming system and calibration method for transmission and reception of a beam is disclosed. The true time delay beamforming system comprises at least one input signal received by at least one signal conditioning device, wherein the signal conditioning device is adapted to provide selective, independent, and variable control of one of a phase delay, a time delay and an amplitude of the input signal to produce an output signal. A control logic device is adapted to provide a control logic signal to the at least one signal conditioning device for selectively activating and controlling the signal conditioning device. The true time delay beamforming system may further include an automatic calibration system that generates an error correction signal based on errors detected in the output signal, and selectively adjusts the control logic signal based thereon.

Abstract: A man-portable phased array ISR system includes a multilayer panel. A first panel layer includes a subarray layer having a plurality of sensors for detecting and receiving radiofrequency information. A second panel layer includes a digital data storage system to digitize, record and store the radiofrequency information. A third panel layer includes a command and communication link. A fourth panel layer includes a nanoparticle ultra-capacitor energy storage system adapted to provide power to the subarray, to the digital data storage system and to the command and communication link. The plurality of sensors may be receive-only sensors for radio-frequency data collection. The first panel layer may include integral beamforming systems having a predetermined frequency range for transmit an receive radar signal formation and data collection.

Abstract: A signal conditioning device includes a substrate including at least one transmission line integrated therewith, a power divider for receiving an input signal and dividing the input signal into a plurality of divided signals, a plurality of time delay paths, each of the time delay paths coupled to an output of the power divider to receive at least one of the divided signals, wherein at least one of the time delay paths is in signal communication with the at least one transmission line to define a time delay associated therewith, a control device in signal communication with at least one of the time delay paths and controlling at least one of a phase shift and an amplitude of at least one of the divided signals, and a power combiner for receiving the divided signals and combining the signals into an output signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for achieving linear amplification with high efficiency are provided. An input signal is amplified using a plurality of amplifiers by dividing the input signal into a plurality of inputs signals, amplifying the plurality of input signals with the plurality of amplifiers and combining the amplified output signals of the plurality of amplifiers into a single amplified output signal. Coefficients are applied to the input signals and the amplified output signals of the amplifiers so that non-linear products due to the amplifiers are suppressed when the amplified output signals of the amplifiers are combined into the single amplified output signal. The suppression of the non-linear products allows an amplification system to achieve linear amplification using high efficiency non-linear amplifiers. The systems and methods can also be applied to other non-linear devices, for example, mixers and modulators, to suppress non-linear products in these devices.

Abstract: An adaptive shared aperture and cluster beamforming antenna system includes an aperture with first and second sub-arrays, each having a plurality of antenna elements. The antenna system further includes first and second dividers configured to receive first and second signals from the first and second sub-arrays, respectively, and to provide a first and second plurality of divided signals to a corresponding first and second plurality of variable attenuators. The antenna system further includes a first combiner configured to receive a first attenuated signal from a first one of the first plurality of variable attenuators and a second attenuated signal from a first one of the second plurality of variable attenuators, and a second combiner configured to receive a third attenuated signal from a second one of the first plurality of variable attenuators and a fourth attenuated signal from a second one of the second plurality of variable attenuators.

Abstract: A channelized amplification system and method for mitigating non-linear amplification effects and controlling spectral re-growth is disclosed. A system includes an input frequency divider for converting a first signal into a plurality of frequency band signals and a plurality of channelized high-efficiency non-linear power amplifiers coupled to the frequency divider. Each of the plurality of frequency band signals occupies a frequency band that is different from one another. The plurality of channelized high-efficiency non-linear power amplifiers receive and amplify the plurality of frequency band signals and produce a plurality of non-linearly amplified signals. The system further includes a frequency combiner coupled to the plurality of channelized high-efficiency non-linear power amplifiers. The frequency combiner combines the plurality of amplified signals and produce a second signal. The system further includes an output band-pass filter coupled to the frequency combiner.

Abstract: A shared beamformer flexibly allocates beams among clusters of beams produced by phased array antenna apertures that are deployed on a satellite (or other type of platform). By sharing the beamformer among the beam clusters, if one beam cluster is not providing useful coverage, the beams may be reallocated to one or more other beam clusters that are providing useful coverage. To share the beamformer among the beam clusters, a selector network is used to select which particular beam cluster (or clusters) is used for producing one or more narrow beams that are constrained to the coverage area of the beam cluster (or clusters).

Abstract: A shared beamformer flexibly allocates beams among clusters of beams produced by phased array antenna apertures that are deployed on a satellite (or other type of platform). By sharing the beamformer among the beam clusters, if one beam cluster is not providing useful coverage, the beams may be reallocated to one or more other beam clusters that are providing useful coverage. To share the beamformer among the beam clusters, a selector network is used to select which particular beam cluster (or clusters) is used for producing one or more narrow beams that are constrained to the coverage area of the beam cluster (or clusters).

Abstract: An array antenna is arranged in an innovative sparse trifilar configuration. The antenna elements forming the array antenna are arranged to form three non-linear arrays. The antenna elements are approximately aligned to a triangular lattice structure with the antenna elements of each non-linear array occupying adjacent lattice positions. The three non-linear arrays are separated from each other by vacant lattice positions, thereby making the configuration a sparse array.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting signals. A system includes a first antenna configured to receive at least a first input signal and generate at least a first received signal, and a second antenna configured to receive at least a second input signal and generate at least a second received signal. Additionally, the system includes a receiver system configured to generate at least a first output signal, a second output signal, a third output signal, and a fourth output signal. Moreover, the system includes a correlation system configured to receive at least the third output signal and the fourth output signal and generate at least a correlation signal, and a processing system configured to estimate a cross correlated power level.

Abstract: System and method for signal processing and beam forming. A system for processing signals includes a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, a first variable time delay system, and a second variable time delay system. Additionally, the system includes a first signal processing system and a sampling system. Moreover, the system includes a switching system and a measuring system.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting a plurality of objects. The method includes steering a first beam-forming system to a first direction. The first direction is associated with a first object. Additionally, the method includes steering a second beam-forming system to a second direction. The second direction is associated with a second object. Moreover, the method includes receiving a first plurality of signals, and receiving a second plurality of signals. Also, the method includes generating a first combined signal, generating a second combined signal, dividing the first combined signal, and dividing the second combined signal. Additionally, the method includes generating a first output signal and generating a second output signal. The first output signal is associated with the first object, and the second output signal is associated with the second object.

Abstract: A signal processing system and method capable of real-time implementation for extracting signal parameter information with high accuracy and resolution. Signals (101) are passed through a filter bank (102), downconverted and decimated. The superresolution technique of constrained total least squares (CTLS) is used to process the resulting samples to obtain frequency components and their amplitudes (106). CTLS may also be used to obtain decaying coefficients associated with each frequency components. If desired, the results of CTLS may be used to extend original data for higher resolution spectral analysis and output (109).

Abstract: A liquid junction electrode 10 formed from a silicon body 14 and having a glass membrane 22 attached thereto. A reference electrode is constructed by forming the glass membrane 22 from porous glass having a preferable pore size in the range of 40 angstroms to 75 angstroms. The porous glass membrane 22 has a coating 24 of glass containing mobile ions that is electrostatically bonded to the silicon body 14. Alternatively, a glass plug 92 is formed from a paste of ground glass and organic binder that is heated to cause formation of pores and bonding of the glass plug 92 to a silicon body 94. An ion-sensitive electrode is constructed by forming the membrane 52 from an ion-sensitive glass or by filling the pores of the porous glass membrane 22 with an ion-sensitive material.