Patents by Inventor Lawrence M. Candell
Lawrence M. Candell has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20230089871Abstract: A conventional flow tube for a metabolic cart is usually a straight length of pipe whose inner diameter is fixed by the respiratory burden imposed by the flow tube on the user, with a smaller diameter imposing a higher respiratory burden. The ratio of the straight flow tube's length to diameter is fixed by fluid dynamics, so increasing the flow tube's diameter causes the flow tube's length to increase. As the flow tube gets longer, it exerts more torque on the user's neck and jaw, creating discomfort. Reducing the flow tube's length causes an undesired increase in the respiratory burden but increasing the flow tube's diameter to reduce the respiratory burden makes the flow tube less comfortable, making the flow tube unconformable, hard to breathe through, or both. Bending the flow tube makes it possible to increase the flow tube's propagation length without increasing the flow tube's lever arm length.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 11, 2022Publication date: March 23, 2023Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Holly MCCLUNG, Reed Wasson HOYT, Lawrence M. Candell, Joseph M. MAHAN, Gary A. Shaw, Andrew M Siegel, Robert Linton STANDLEY, Kyle THOMPSON
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Patent number: 11464426Abstract: A conventional flow tube for a metabolic cart is usually a straight length of pipe whose inner diameter is fixed by the respiratory burden imposed by the flow tube on the user, with a smaller diameter imposing a higher respiratory burden. The ratio of the straight flow tube's length to diameter is fixed by fluid dynamics, so increasing the flow tube's diameter causes the flow tube's length to increase. As the flow tube gets longer, it exerts more torque on the user's neck and jaw, creating discomfort. Reducing the flow tube's length causes an undesired increase in the respiratory burden but increasing the flow tube's diameter to reduce the respiratory burden makes the flow tube less comfortable, making the flow tube unconformable, hard to breathe through, or both. Bending the flow tube, e.g., in an L shape, makes it possible to increase the flow tube's propagation length without increasing the flow tube's lever arm length.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2019Date of Patent: October 11, 2022Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Holly McClung, Reed Wasson Hoyt, Lawrence M Candell, Joseph M. Mahan, Gary A Shaw, Andrew M Siegel, Robert Linton Standley, Kyle Thompson
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Publication number: 20220160257Abstract: A fluid dynamic valve passively allows fluid flow out of a moving stream in one flow direction and not in the reverse. This allows the collection of fluid from a single direction of an AC fluid flow. The siphoned portion of the flow has a flow rate proportional to the mainstream flow. This device can collect exhaled breath or selective entrenchment during inhale. In one orientation, it can meter aerosolized particles into an inhale breath stream for pulmonary delivery, without complicated breath timing or drug loss due to drug adsorption to the back of the throat. Alternatively, a user can breathe through the device and a proportional amount, relative to the volumetric flow rate, of each exhale can flow into an auxiliary chamber for analysis. In addition, the device has a low respiratory burden and is comfortable to use.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 29, 2021Publication date: May 26, 2022Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Kyle THOMPSON, Gary A. SHAW, Andrew M. SIEGEL, Lawrence M. CANDELL
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Patent number: 11259717Abstract: A fluid dynamic valve passively allows fluid flow out of a moving stream in one flow direction and not in the reverse. This allows the collection of fluid from a single direction of an AC fluid flow. The siphoned portion of the flow has a flow rate proportional to the mainstream flow. This device can collect exhaled breath or selective entrenchment during inhale. In one orientation, it can meter aerosolized particles into an inhale breath stream for pulmonary delivery, without complicated breath timing or drug loss due to drug adsorption to the back of the throat. Alternatively, a user can breathe through the device and a proportional amount, relative to the volumetric flow rate, of each exhale can flow into an auxiliary chamber for analysis. In addition, the device has a low respiratory burden and is comfortable to use.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2019Date of Patent: March 1, 2022Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Kyle Thompson, Gary A Shaw, Andrew M Siegel, Lawrence M Candell
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Publication number: 20210307642Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (RQ) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an RQ level in the subject.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 7, 2021Publication date: October 7, 2021Inventors: Lawrence M. Candell, Christopher Ferraiolo, Gary A. Shaw, Andrew M. Siegel, George Zogbi
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Patent number: 10931372Abstract: A dual-mode imaging receiver (DMIR) can acquire and maintain SOA free-space optical communication (FSOC) links without a precision mechanical gimbal. Unlike other FSOC technologies, a DMIR can operate without precise spatial alignment and calibration of the transmitter's or receiver's spatial encoders (precision pointing) in static (fixed point to point) geometries. Instead, a DMIR uses electronic receive beam selection to acquire and track transmitters with coarse mechanical pointing and a single aperture. And because the DMIR can operate with just one aperture, it does not need a beacon at the transmitter since it does not transition from a wide field-of-view acquisition aperture to a narrow field-of-view detection and decoding aperture even in dynamic geometries.Type: GrantFiled: February 10, 2020Date of Patent: February 23, 2021Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Gary A Shaw, Lawrence M Candell, Pablo I. Hopman
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Patent number: 10925513Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (RQ) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an RQ level in the subject.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 2016Date of Patent: February 23, 2021Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Lawrence M. Candell, Christopher Ferraiolo, Gary A. Shaw, Andrew M. Siegel, George Zogbi
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Patent number: 10893226Abstract: A digital focal plane array includes an all-digital readout integrated circuit in combination with a detector array. The readout circuit includes unit cell electronics, orthogonal transfer structures, and data handling structures. The unit cell electronics include an analog to digital converter. Orthogonal transfer structures enable the orthogonal transfer of data among the unit cells. Data handling structures may be configured to operate the digital focal plane array as a data encryptor/decipherer. Data encrypted and deciphered by the digital focal plane array need not be image data.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 2019Date of Patent: January 12, 2021Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Michael W. Kelly, Brian Tyrrell, Curtis Colonero, Robert Berger, Kenneth Schultz, James Wey, Daniel Mooney, Lawrence M Candell
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Publication number: 20200252127Abstract: A dual-mode imaging receiver (DMIR) can acquire and maintain SOA free-space optical communication (FSOC) links without a precision mechanical gimbal. Unlike other FSOC technologies, a DMIR can operate without precise spatial alignment and calibration of the transmitter's or receiver's spatial encoders (precision pointing) in static (fixed point to point) geometries. Instead, a DMIR uses electronic receive beam selection to acquire and track transmitters with coarse mechanical pointing and a single aperture. And because the DMIR can operate with just one aperture, it does not need a beacon at the transmitter since it does not transition from a wide field-of-view acquisition aperture to a narrow field-of-view detection and decoding aperture even in dynamic geometries.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 10, 2020Publication date: August 6, 2020Inventors: Gary A. Shaw, Lawrence M. Candell, Pablo I. Hopman
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Publication number: 20200162693Abstract: Autonomously operating analog to digital converters are formed into a two dimensional array. The array may incorporate digital signal processing functionality. Such an array is particularly well-suited for operation as a readout integrated circuit and in combination with a sensor array, forms a digital focal plane array.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 8, 2019Publication date: May 21, 2020Inventors: Michael W. Kelly, Daniel MOONEY, Curtis COLONERO, Robert BERGER, Lawrence M. Candell
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Publication number: 20200145598Abstract: A digital focal plane array includes an all-digital readout integrated circuit in combination with a detector array. The readout circuit includes unit cell electronics, orthogonal transfer structures, and data handling structures. The unit cell electronics include an analog to digital converter. Orthogonal transfer structures enable the orthogonal transfer of data among the unit cells. Data handling structures may be configured to operate the digital focal plane array as a data encryptor/decipherer. Data encrypted and deciphered by the digital focal plane array need not be image data.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 7, 2019Publication date: May 7, 2020Inventors: Michael W. KELLY, Brian TYRRELL, Curtis COLONERO, Robert BERGER, Kenneth SCHULTZ, James WEY, Daniel MOONEY, Lawrence M. CANDELL
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Patent number: 10638956Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (RQ) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an RQ level in the subject.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2017Date of Patent: May 5, 2020Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Lawrence M. Candell, Christopher Ferraiolo, Gary A. Shaw, Andrew M. Siegel, George Zogbi, Holly Lehmann McClung, Reed Wasson Hoyt, Kyle Thompson
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Patent number: 10630899Abstract: Security guards at big facilities, such as airports, monitor multiple screens that display images from individual surveillance cameras dispersed throughout the facility. If a guard zooms with a particular camera, he will lose image resolution, along with perspective on the surrounding area. Embodiments of the inventive Imaging System for Immersive Surveillance (ISIS) solve these problems by combining multiple cameras in one device. When properly mounted, example ISIS systems offer 360-degree, 100-megapixel views on a single screen. (Other resolutions may also be employed.) Image-stitching software merges multiple video feeds into one scene. The system also allows operators to tag and follow targets, and can monitor restricted areas and sound an alert when intruders breach them.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2017Date of Patent: April 21, 2020Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Daniel B. Chuang, Lawrence M. Candell, William D. Ross, Mark E. Beattie, Cindy Y. Fang, Bobby Ren, Jonathan P. Blanchard
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Patent number: 10581521Abstract: A dual-mode imaging receiver (DMIR) can acquire and maintain SOA free-space optical communication (FSOC) links without a precision mechanical gimbal. Unlike other FSOC technologies, a DMIR can operate without precise spatial alignment and calibration of the transmitter's or receiver's spatial encoders (precision pointing) in static (fixed point to point) geometries. Instead, a DMIR uses electronic receive beam selection to acquire and track transmitters with coarse mechanical pointing and a single aperture. And because the DMIR can operate with just one aperture, it does not need a beacon at the transmitter since it does not transition from a wide field-of-view acquisition aperture to a narrow field-of-view detection and decoding aperture even in dynamic geometries.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 2018Date of Patent: March 3, 2020Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Gary A. Shaw, Lawrence M. Candell, Pablo I. Hopman
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Publication number: 20200022618Abstract: A conventional flow tube for a metabolic cart is usually a straight length of pipe whose inner diameter is fixed by the respiratory burden imposed by the flow tube on the user, with a smaller diameter imposing a higher respiratory burden. The ratio of the straight flow tube's length to diameter is fixed by fluid dynamics, so increasing the flow tube's diameter causes the flow tube's length to increase. As the flow tube gets longer, it exerts more torque on the user's neck and jaw, creating discomfort. Reducing the flow tube's length causes an undesired increase in the respiratory burden but increasing the flow tube's diameter to reduce the respiratory burden makes the flow tube less comfortable, making the flow tube unconformable, hard to breathe through, or both. Bending the flow tube, e.g., in an L shape, makes it possible to increase the flow tube's propagation length without increasing the flow tube's lever arm length.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 16, 2019Publication date: January 23, 2020Inventors: Holly MCCLUNG, Reed Wasson HOYT, Lawrence M Candell, Joseph M. MAHAN, Gary A Shaw, Andrew M Siegel, Robert Linton STANDLEY, Kyle THOMPSON
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Publication number: 20200022617Abstract: A fluid dynamic valve passively allows fluid flow out of a moving stream in one flow direction and not in the reverse. This allows the collection of fluid from a single direction of an AC fluid flow. The siphoned portion of the flow has a flow rate proportional to the mainstream flow. This device can collect exhaled breath or selective entrenchment during inhale. In one orientation, it can meter aerosolized particles into an inhale breath stream for pulmonary delivery, without complicated breath timing or possible large scale drug loss due to drug adsorption to the back of the throat. Alternatively, a user can breathe through the device and a proportional amount, relative to the volumetric flow rate, of each exhale can flow into an auxiliary chamber for analysis. In this arrangement, the fluid dynamic valve replaces the mechanical pump in a metabolic measurement apparatus. It collects a proportional volume of the exhale and none of the inhale for mixing-chamber breath analysis.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 16, 2019Publication date: January 23, 2020Inventors: Kyle THOMPSON, Gary A Shaw, Andrew M Siegel, Lawrence M Candell
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Publication number: 20190238800Abstract: Security guards at large facilities, such as airports, monitor multiple screens that display images from individual surveillance cameras dispersed throughout the facility. If a guard zooms with a particular camera, he may lose image resolution, along with perspective on the surrounding area. Embodiments of the inventive Imaging System for Immersive Surveillance (ISIS) solve these problems by combining multiple cameras in one device. When properly mounted, example ISIS systems offer up to 360-degree, 240-megapixel views on a single screen. (Other fields of view and resolutions are also possible.) Image-stitching software merges multiple video feeds into one scene. The system also allows operators to tag and follow targets, and can monitor restricted areas and sound an alert when intruders breach them.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 10, 2019Publication date: August 1, 2019Inventors: Daniel B. Chuang, Lawrence M. Candell, William D. Ross, Mark E. Beattie, Cindy Y. Fang, Bobby Ren, Jonathan P. Blanchard, Gary M. Long, JR., Lauren L. White, Svetlana V. Panasyuk, Mark Bury
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Patent number: 10306186Abstract: Security guards at large facilities, such as airports, monitor multiple screens that display images from individual surveillance cameras dispersed throughout the facility. If a guard zooms with a particular camera, he may lose image resolution, along with perspective on the surrounding area. Embodiments of the inventive Imaging System for Immersive Surveillance (ISIS) solve these problems by combining multiple cameras in one device. When properly mounted, example ISIS systems offer up to 360-degree, 240-megapixel views on a single screen. (Other fields of view and resolutions are also possible.) Image-stitching software merges multiple video feeds into one scene. The system also allows operators to tag and follow targets, and can monitor restricted areas and sound an alert when intruders breach them.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 2015Date of Patent: May 28, 2019Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Daniel B. Chuang, Lawrence M. Candell, William D. Ross, Mark E. Beattie, Cindy Y. Fang, Bobby Ren, Jonathan P. Blanchard, Gary M. Long, Jr., Lauren L. White, Svetlana V. Panasyuk, Mark Bury
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Publication number: 20190068279Abstract: A dual-mode imaging receiver (DMIR) can acquire and maintain SOA free-space optical communication (FSOC) links without a precision mechanical gimbal. Unlike other FSOC technologies, a DMIR can operate without precise spatial alignment and calibration of the transmitter's or receiver's spatial encoders (precision pointing) in static (fixed point to point) geometries. Instead, a DMIR uses electronic receive beam selection to acquire and track transmitters with coarse mechanical pointing and a single aperture. And because the DMIR can operate with just one aperture, it does not need a beacon at the transmitter since it does not transition from a wide field-of-view acquisition aperture to a narrow field-of-view detection and decoding aperture even in dynamic geometries.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 30, 2018Publication date: February 28, 2019Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Gary A. Shaw, Lawrence M. Candell, Pablo I. Hopman
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Publication number: 20180125391Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods related to modeling, monitoring, and/or managing metabolism of a subject include measuring a respiratory quotient (RQ) level in a subject and/or optimizing and executing a nonlinear feedback model to model energy substrate utilization in the subject based on at least one of a macronutrient composition and caloric value of food consumed by the subject, an intensity and duration of activity by the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of glycogen storage in the subject, a rate and maximum capacity of de novo lipogenesis in the subject, a quality and duration of sleep by the subject, and/or an RQ level in the subject.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 7, 2017Publication date: May 10, 2018Inventors: Lawrence M. Candell, Christopher Ferraiolo, Gary A. Shaw, Andrew M. Siegel, George Zogbi, Holly Lehmann McClung, Reed Wasson Hoyt