Abstract: A dispensing machine includes a visual detection system, having one or more cameras with a field of view sufficient to see a region through which a properly dispensed product is expected to travel, captures at least one image frame during the time in which the product is expected to be within the field of view. The detection system visually detects the presence of items in a dispense or vending area, determining the type of product from one or more predetermined attributes. If the correct product has not been dispensed, an exception indication is generated. In the case of a vending machine, the exception may result in a refund or credit of any amounts actually paid.