Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for modification of lignins, particularly from sulfite waste liquor, and preparation of lignin phenol-formaldehyde resin, i.e. thermosetting resins for which some or all of the phenol is replaced by the modified lignin. The lignin is modified in two steps. In the first step, a graft-copolymerization is performed with different kinds of unsaturated monomers containing carbonyl groups, and in particularly aldehyde groups, and also amido, carbonylic, carboxylic, nitrilic, hydroxylic, acetic, amino, and other functional groups. In the second step, the graft-copolymer is treated with formaldehyde, phenol, phenol-formaldehyde, or a mixture thereof, at elevated temperatures. The obtained modified lignin product is used to produce lignin phenol-formaldehyde resins.

Abstract: This invention features a graft copolymer of lignosulfonates reacted with an unsaturated carbonyl compound and an aldehyde, in two separate reaction steps. The resin can be used as a substitute for a majority of pure urea formaldehyde resin in the manufacture of composite board products. The resin can also be introduced directly into the urea formaldehyde resin production process.

Abstract: The present invention attains the foregoing and other objects of the invention by providing a method of forming a composite particle product from ligno-cellulosic material bonded together with water-insoluble lignin. The lignin has a relatively low molecular mass, e.g., less than 10,000 Daltons, and has a relatively high number of reactive functional groups. The lignin and material is then heated and compressed to promote bending and cross-linking between the lignin binder and the ligno-cellulosic material.

Abstract: Apparatus for the production of a lignocellulose material from chips, sawdust, chopped plants, bark, small fibres comprising a vertical column with a series of successively-mounted horizontal perforated plates partly abutting upon the inner surface of the column; at the free ends of said plates retaining baffles are secured for partial entrapment of coarse particles of the product; a clearance is provided between the baffle and inner surface of the column and the plates are disposed relative to each other so that baffles of each successive plate are located diametrically opposite to the baffles of each preceding plate thus forming a zigzag labyrinth along the total height of the column for increasing the time of contact of coarse particles of the raw materials with the oxygen-containing gas and alkaline reagent.A pulsator means is operably connected to the column for setting liquid reagents in the column into reciprocating vertical motion.