Abstract: An EUV lithography mask including a substrate, a patterned absorber layer including a first material and a second material. In some embodiments, the first material is a second row transition metal and the second material is a first row transition metal or second row transition metal. The disclosed EUV lithography masks reduce undesirable mask 3D effects.

Abstract: An attenuated phase-shifting mask (APSM) includes a substrate, a multi-layer structure, a capping layer and an absorber layer. The substrate has a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The multi-layer structure is disposed over the first side of the substrate. The capping layer is disposed over the multi-layer structure. The absorber layer is disposed over a portion of the capping layer. The absorber layer includes a first material and a second material different from the first material. A thickness of the absorber layer is between approximately 30 nm and approximately 65 nm. A refractive index (n) of the absorber layer is between approximately 0.860 and approximately 0.945. An extinction coefficient (k) of the absorber layer is between approximately 0.070 and approximately 0.015.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue force sensor systems and methods for tissues, e.g., laryngeal tissue. The systems include a top housing including on an upper side an attachment mechanism for connecting the top housing to a medical device, e.g., a laryngoscope, and on a lower side a first cavity for receiving a top portion of a force measurement device such as a load cell; a bottom housing including on a lower side an attachment mechanism for connecting the bottom housing to a handle, holding system, or suspension system for holding or supporting the medical device, and on an upper side a second cavity for receiving a bottom portion of the force measurement device; and an attachment device for connecting the top housing to the bottom housing.

Abstract: The disclosure provides tissue force sensor systems and methods for tissues, e.g., laryngeal tissue. The systems include a top housing including on an upper side an attachment mechanism for connecting the top housing to a medical device, e.g., a laryngoscope, and on a lower side a first cavity for receiving a top portion of a force measurement device such as a load cell; a bottom housing including on a lower side an attachment mechanism for connecting the bottom housing to a handle, holding system, or suspension system for holding or supporting the medical device, and on an upper side a second cavity for receiving a bottom portion of the force measurement device; and an attachment device for connecting the top housing to the bottom housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for isolating human neural stem cells from amniotic fluid of a patient whose fetus has been diagnosed to have a neural tube defect. Use of the isolated human neural stem cells in the treatment of neurological disorders is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for isolating human neural stem cells from amniotic fluid of a patient whose fetus has been diagnosed to have a neural tube defect. Use of the isolated human neural stem cells in the treatment of neurological disorders is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for isolating human neural stem cells from amniotic fluid of a patient whose fetus has been diagnosed to have a neural tube defect. Use of the isolated human neural stem cells in the treatment of neurological disorders is also provided.

Abstract: An image is displayed on a touch screen. A user's underline gesture on the displayed image is detected. The area of the image touched by the underline gesture and a surrounding region approximate to the touched area are identified. Skew for text in the surrounding region is determined and compensated. A text region including the text is identified in the surrounding region and cropped from the image. The cropped image is transmitted to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which processes the cropped image and returns OCR'ed text. The OCR'ed text is outputted.

Abstract: An image is displayed on a touch screen. A user's underline gesture on the displayed image is detected. The area of the image touched by the underline gesture and a surrounding region approximate to the touched area are identified. Skew for text in the surrounding region is determined and compensated. A text region including the text is identified in the surrounding region and cropped from the image. The cropped image is transmitted to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which processes the cropped image and returns OCR'ed text. The OCR'ed text is outputted.

Abstract: An image is displayed on a touch screen. A user's underline gesture on the displayed image is detected. The area of the image touched by the underline gesture and a surrounding region approximate to the touched area are identified. Skew for text in the surrounding region is determined and compensated. A text region including the text is identified in the surrounding region and cropped from the image. The cropped image is transmitted to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which processes the cropped image and returns OCR'ed text. The OCR'ed text is outputted.

Abstract: A live video stream captured by an on-device camera is displayed on a screen with an overlaid guideline. Video frames of the live video stream are analyzed for a video frame with acceptable quality. A text region is identified in the video frame approximate to the on-screen guideline and cropped from the video frame. The cropped image is transmitted to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which processes the cropped image and generates text in an editable symbolic form (the OCR'ed text). A confidence score is determined for the OCR'ed text and compared with a threshold value. If the confidence score exceeds the threshold value, the OCR'ed text is outputted.

Abstract: A live video stream captured by an on-device camera is displayed on a screen with an overlaid guideline. Video frames of the live video stream are analyzed for a video frame with acceptable quality. A text region is identified in the video frame approximate to the on-screen guideline and cropped from the video frame. The cropped image is transmitted to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which processes the cropped image and generates text in an editable symbolic form (the OCR'ed text). A confidence score is determined for the OCR'ed text and compared with a threshold value. If the confidence score exceeds the threshold value, the OCR'ed text is outputted.

Abstract: An image is displayed on a touch screen. A user's underline gesture on the displayed image is detected. The area of the image touched by the underline gesture and a surrounding region approximate to the touched area are identified. Skew for text in the surrounding region is determined and compensated. A text region including the text is identified in the surrounding region and cropped from the image. The cropped image is transmitted to an optical character recognition (OCR) engine, which processes the cropped image and returns OCR'ed text. The OCR'ed text is outputted.

Abstract: A method for the joint optimization of language model performance and size is presented comprising developing a language model from a tuning set of information, segmenting at least a subset of a received textual corpus and calculating a perplexity value for each segment and refining the language model with one or more segments of the received corpus based, at least in part, on the calculated perplexity value for the one or more segments.

Abstract: A method is presented comprising assigning each of a plurality of segments comprising a received corpus to a node in a data structure denoting dependencies between nodes, and calculating a transitional probability between each of the nodes in the data structure.

Abstract: Titanium oxide (usually titanium dioxide) catalyst support particles are doped for electronic conductivity and formed with surface area-enhancing pores for use, for example, in electro-catalyzed electrodes on proton exchange membrane electrodes in hydrogen/oxygen fuel cells. Suitable compounds of titanium and a dopant are dispersed with pore-forming particles in a liquid medium. The compounds are deposited as a precipitate or sol on the pore-forming particles and heated to transform the deposit into crystals of dopant-containing titanium dioxide. If the heating has not decomposed the pore-forming particles, they are chemically removed from the, now pore-enhanced, the titanium dioxide particles.

Abstract: A method is presented comprising assigning each of a plurality of segments comprising a received corpus to a node in a data structure denoting dependencies between nodes, and calculating a transitional probability between each of the nodes in the data structure.

Abstract: The generation and management of a language model data structure include assigning each segment of a received corpus to a node in a data structure that denotes dependencies between the respective nodes. A transitional probability between each of the nodes in the data structure is calculated. A frequency of occurrence is calculated for each item of the respective segments, and those nodes of the data structure associated with items that do not meet a minimum frequency of occurrence threshold are removed. The data structure may be managed across a system memory of a computer system and an extended memory of the computer system.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a language model is presented comprising developing an initial language model from a lexicon and segmentation derived from a received corpus using a maximum match technique, and iteratively refining the initial language model by dynamically updating the lexicon and re-segmenting the corpus according to statistical principles until a threshold of predictive capability is achieved.

Abstract: A color-changing candle is provided. The color-changing candle includes a fiber optic strand running adjacent and substantially parallel to the wick of the candle and interfaces with a photosensor. Light from the burning wick is transmitted via the fiber optic strand to the photosensor. When the photosensor is activated, a control unit illuminates one or more LEDs to change the color of the candle.