Abstract: Various embodiments for a traction element used with athletic shoes having a stud body with a metal insert that extends axially from the stud body and methods for manufacturing such traction elements are disclosed.

Abstract: Various embodiments for a traction element used with athletic shoes having a stud body with a metal insert that extends axially from the stud body and methods for manufacturing such traction elements are disclosed.

Abstract: Various embodiments for a traction element used with athletic shoes having a stud body with a metal insert that extends axially from the stud body and methods for manufacturing such traction elements are disclosed.

Abstract: Various embodiments for a traction element used with athletic shoes having a stud body with a metal insert that extends axially from the stud body and methods for manufacturing such traction elements are disclosed.

Abstract: Some studded footwear, such as sports shoes, require studs (6) to be specifically oriented relative to the shoe sole (1). The studs (6) may be specifically oriented in the receptacles (5), and thus the receptacles need to be oriented relative to the sole of the shoe (1). Means are provided therefore for orienting a specifically-oriented receptacle (5) for a shoe stud (6) in a multi-layer shoe sole (1) comprising co-operating orienting means (13) on the receptacle (5) and an outer shoe sole (2), the co-operating orienting means being operative to physically retain the receptacle (5) in the correct orientation relative to the outer shoe sole (2) at least until an inner shoe sole (3) is secured to the outer shoe sole (2). Thus the co-operating orienting means serve to ensure that a specifically-oriented receptacle (5) is physically held in the correct orientation relative to the shoe sole (1), at least until the shoe sole is completed by attachment of an inner shoe sole (3).