Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner arrangement having a first conduit having a nozzle aperture with an aspect ratio, D1/D2, of greater than or equal to about 2.0. The first conduit is arranged and disposed to provide a first fluid stream, where the first fluid stream is a combustible fuel. The burner arrangement further includes at least one second conduit arranged and disposed to provide a second gas stream circumferentially around the first fluid stream, where the second gas stream includes oxygen. A precombustor is arranged and disposed to receive the first fluid stream and second gas stream where an oxy-fuel flame is produced. The geometry of the nozzle aperture and the cross-sectional geometry of the first conduit are dissimilar.

Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner arrangement having a first conduit having a nozzle aperture with an aspect ratio, D1/D2, of greater than or equal to about 2.0. The first conduit is arranged and disposed to provide a first fluid stream, where the first fluid stream is a combustible fuel. The burner arrangement further includes at least one second conduit arranged and disposed to provide a second gas stream circumferentially around the first fluid stream, where the second gas stream includes oxygen. A precombustor is arranged and disposed to receive the first fluid stream and second gas stream where an oxy-fuel flame is produced. The geometry of the nozzle aperture and the cross-sectional geometry of the first conduit are dissimilar.

Abstract: A method for combusting oil from an oil-containing layer floating on water as from an oil spill or well leak. In the method, an oxygen-containing gas is passed through a conduit, the oxygen-containing gas from the conduit is introduced proximate the oil-containing layer floating on water, and oil from the oil-containing layer is combusted with the oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a flame. The oxygen-containing gas is introduced with an oxygen molar flow rate sufficient to decrease the opacity of a smoke plume from the combusting oil.

Abstract: A method and fuel composition for pre-heating and/or operating a catalytic heater is described herein. In one aspect, there is provided a method of preheating a catalyst in a catalytic heater comprising the steps of: providing a preheat composition comprising greater than 60% by volume hydrogen and at least one fluid component selected from natural gas, propane, butane, refinery off gas, ethylene off gas, methanol, ethanol, butanol, liquefied biogas and mixtures thereof; and contacting the catalyst with the preheat composition for a period of time sufficient to raise the temperature of the catalyst to a one or more temperatures. In this or other embodiments, there is a fuel composition that comprises at least one component selected from natural gas, propane, butane and mixtures thereof and optionally hydrogen.

Abstract: A method for combusting oil from an oil-containing layer floating on water as from an oil spill or well leak. In the method, an oxygen-containing gas is passed through a conduit, the oxygen-containing gas from the conduit is introduced proximate the oil-containing layer floating on water, and oil from the oil-containing layer is combusted with the oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a flame. The oxygen-containing gas is introduced with an oxygen molar flow rate sufficient to decrease the opacity of a smoke plume from the combusting oil.

Abstract: An improved adsorption process is provided for purifying hydrogen from a feed gas mixture including hydrogen and at least one impurity selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide and nitrogen. The process includes providing an adsorption apparatus having a discharge end adsorption layer containing an adsorbent with a Henry's law constant (KH) at 70° F. for the impurity from about 0.5 to about 2.4 mmole/g/atm. The product gas collected from the adsorption apparatus is high purity (99.99+%) hydrogen.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide, water, nitrous oxide and optionally ethylene are removed from a feed air stream by a temperature swing adsorption using a first adsorbent such as alumina to adsorb water, a second adsorbent such as 13X zeolite to adsorb carbon dioxide, and a third adsorbent such as binderless calcium exchanged X zeolite to adsorb nitrous oxide and optionally ethylene, prior to cryogenic separation of the purified air stream.