Abstract: This application discloses a sequence generating method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communications technologies, to resolve a problem that a PAPR of a DMRS symbol is higher than that of a data symbol. An initialization factor of a first sequence is obtained, where the initialization factor is associated with a first parameter, and the first sequence is generated based on the initialization factor. In addition, the first parameter is a port number, or the first parameter is a code division multiplexing CDM group identity.

Abstract: Example signal sending methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes obtaining a first insertion loss corresponding to a first resource and a second insertion loss corresponding to a second resource, where the first insertion loss is different from the second insertion loss. A first transmit power corresponding to the first resource is determined based on the first insertion loss. A second transmit power corresponding to the second resource is determined based on the second insertion loss. A first signal is sent on the first resource based on the first transmit power. A second signal is sent on the second resource based on the second transmit power.

Abstract: This application relates to a communications method and apparatus, and a device. The communications method includes: A terminal device determines a first codeword set, where the first codeword set includes a first codeword, the first codeword is a 4×1 matrix, and each element in the matrix is a non-zero element.

Abstract: This application discloses a sequence generating method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communications technologies, to resolve a problem that a PAPR of a DMRS symbol is higher than that of a data symbol. An initialization factor of a first sequence is obtained, where the initialization factor is associated with a first parameter, and the first sequence is generated based on the initialization factor. In addition, the first parameter is a port number, or the first parameter is a code division multiplexing CDM group identity.

Abstract: This application provides a communications method and apparatus, to improve uplink transmission performance. The method includes determining, by a terminal device, capability indication information and sending the capability indication information to a network device. The capability indication information is used to determine a power scaling factor, the power scaling factor is a ratio of a sum of actual transmit power of n non-zero antenna ports to channel transmit power, and a maximum value of the channel transmit power is a rated maximum transmit power of a system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a reference signal transmission method, including: sending, by a terminal, a first reference signal and a second reference signal; and correspondingly, receiving, by a network device, the first reference signal and the second reference signal, where the first reference signal is mapped to a plurality of symbols and is used for estimation of channel state information, the second reference signal is mapped to at least two of the plurality of symbols and is used for phase tracking, and a subcarrier to which the second reference signal is mapped on one of the at least two symbols has a same frequency-domain location as a subcarrier to which the second reference signal is mapped on the rest of the at least two symbols. With the foregoing solution, accuracy of channel state information estimation can be improved.

Abstract: This application discloses a sequence generating method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communications technologies, to resolve a problem that a PAPR of a DMRS symbol is higher than that of a data symbol. An initialization factor of a first sequence is obtained, where the initialization factor is associated with a first parameter; and the first sequence is generated based on the initialization factor. In addition, the first parameter is a port number, or the first parameter is a code division multiplexing CDM group identity.

Abstract: This application provides an example communication method and an example apparatus. The method includes a first network device generates first indication information to indicate a first downlink resource. Second indication information indicates a second downlink resource. Because the first indication information may indicate whether the second indication information exists, if a terminal device detects the first indication information in the first time unit, and the first indication information indicates that the second indication information does not exist in the first time unit, the terminal device may stop a blind detection process on the second indication information in advance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for feeding back channel state information, user equipment, and base stations. One example method includes receiving a reference signal sent by a base station, selecting a precoding matrix W from a codebook according to the reference signal, where a column vector of the precoding matrix W may be expressed as ?[vej?v]T, v=[1 ej?], and sending a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) to the base station, where the PMI corresponds to the precoding matrix W.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a parameter configuration method and apparatus, relate to the field of communications technologies, and specifically provide a method and an apparatus for setting a resource unit bundling size, to help improve accuracy of a channel estimation result. The method may include: generating parameter configuration signaling, and sending the parameter configuration signaling. The parameter configuration signaling is used to indicate the resource unit bundling size. The resource unit bundling size may be applied to at least two inconsecutive time-frequency resources in frequency domain, and each time-frequency resource includes at least one consecutive resource unit in frequency domain; or may be applied to at least two inconsecutive time-frequency resources in time domain, and each time-frequency resource includes at least one consecutive resource unit in time domain.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide for a channel state information reporting method and a related device. In the method, indication information may be generated and sent. In the indication information, a first group of indication information includes reference amplitude indication information corresponding to each spatial layer, and differential amplitude indication information and phase indication information of X weighting coefficients, and a second group of indication information includes differential amplitude indication information and phase indication information of Y weighting coefficients. Values of X and Y are related to a first parameter, and a sum of X and Y is equal to KNZ?v. It can be learned that the quantity of weighting coefficients included in each of the first group of indication information and the second group of indication information is determined based on the first parameter.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a reference signal (RS) sending method and a communication apparatus, which may be applied to a scenario in which an RS is sent based on aperiodic time-domain behavior. The method may include: A terminal device obtains downlink control information (DCI); determines first time information based on the DCI; determines, based on the first time information and a time unit in which the DCI is located, a time unit for sending an RS; and sends the RS in the determined time unit for sending the RS. Correspondingly, a network device determines the first time information based on the DCI; determines, based on the first time information and the time unit in which the DCI is located, a time unit for receiving the RS; and receives the RS in the determined time unit for receiving the RS.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for feeding back channel state information, user equipment, and base stations. One example method includes receiving a reference signal sent by a base station, selecting a precoding matrix W from a codebook according to the reference signal, where a column vector of the precoding matrix W may be expressed as ?[vej?v]T, v=[1 ej?], and sending a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) to the base station, where the PMI corresponds to the precoding matrix W.

Abstract: A base station, user equipment, and communication signal transmitting and receiving methods. A communication signal transmitting apparatus includes a transmitter; a processor, and non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a program for execution by the processor, the program including instructions to determine at least two different resource element groups to use to transmit a synchronization signal, each different resource element group of the at least two different resource element groups used to separately transmit the synchronization signal, and transmit the synchronization signal to user equipment on each of the resource element groups, where, for each resource element group, the synchronization signal transmitted on the respective resource element group carries at least one piece of same information, the same information is cell specific information, and the synchronization signals transmitted on the at least two resource element groups using different beams.

Abstract: A data transmission method includes determining, by a base station, a first phase noise compensation reference signal (PCRS) port set and a second PCRS port set in a first scheduling period, where the first PCRS port set includes at least one port used to transmit a PCRS, but the second PCRS port set does not include a port used to transmit a PCRS in the first scheduling period; determining, by the base station, a first time-frequency resource element corresponding to the at least one port used to transmit a PCRS in the first PCRS port set; if a quantity of first time-frequency resource elements is greater than or equal to 1, sending, by the base station, a PCRS to user equipment on the first time-frequency resource element; and sending, by the base station, data to the user equipment on a second time-frequency resource element corresponding to the second PCRS port set.

Abstract: Example receiving parameter indication methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes receiving transmission parameter indication information, where the transmission parameter indication information is used to indicate an index value in an index value set corresponding to a codebook subset configuration. The value of the quantity of transmission layers and a precoding matrix is determined based on the transmission parameter indication information.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for feeding back channel state information, user equipment, and base stations. One example method includes receiving a reference signal sent by a base station, selecting a precoding matrix W from a codebook according to the reference signal, where a column vector of the precoding matrix W is expressed as ?[v ej?v]T, v=[1 ej?], and sending a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) to the base station, where the PMI corresponds to the selected precoding matrix W.

Abstract: A wireless access method and apparatus, the method including sending N first signal sets on N first resources, where N is an integer greater than 1, receiving Z response signals from a terminal for the N first signal sets, where each response signal of the response signals comprises indication information of a resource on which the respective first signal set of the N first signal sets is located, Z is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and Z is less than or equal to N, and sending M second signal sets on M second resources according to the Z response signals, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and each second signal set of the M second signal sets corresponds to at least one of the N first signal sets.

Abstract: Example signal sending methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes obtaining a first insertion loss corresponding to a first resource and a second insertion loss corresponding to a second resource, where the first insertion loss is different from the second insertion loss. A first transmit power corresponding to the first resource is determined based on the first insertion loss. A second transmit power corresponding to the second resource is determined based on the second insertion loss. A first signal is sent on the first resource based on the first transmit power. A second signal is sent on the second resource based on the second transmit power.

Abstract: This application relates to a communications method and apparatus, and a device. The communications method includes: A terminal device determines a first codeword set, where the first codeword set includes a first codeword, the first codeword is a 4×1 matrix, and each element in the matrix is a non-zero element.