Abstract: A battery cell assembly includes a plurality of sub-assemblies. Each sub-assembly includes a heat sink and a first frame and a second frame disposed on opposite sides of the heat sink. The sub-assemblies are stacked to form a plurality of cell pockets that receive a battery cell. The battery cell assembly further includes a plurality of tie rods for fixing the plurality of sub-assemblies together. The first frame is formed with a plurality of through holes, and the second frame is formed with a plurality of protrusions with a hole extending therethrough. The frames are brought together such that each protrusion is at least partially received in a respective through hole. The interior surfaces of corresponding protrusions and through holes of the stack of frames form a passage for one of the tie rods to extend through.

Abstract: A battery support includes a rigid, thermally conductive upper plate having first and second opposing major surfaces. The support also includes at least one lower plate disposed on the second major surface and comprising a plurality of protrusions extending away from the second major surface and in fluid communication, the plurality of protrusions defining a first manifold portion, a second manifold portion, and plurality of non-linear passages extending along a first direction between the first and second manifolds, a cross-section of the plurality of protrusions defining the plurality of non-linear passages comprising a curved portion with a width that is at least twice the height of the curved portion. The support further includes a first conduit in fluid communication with the first manifold portion and a second conduit in fluid communication with the second manifold portion.

Abstract: A battery cell assembly includes a plurality of sub-assemblies. Each sub-assembly includes a heat sink and a first frame and a second frame disposed on opposite sides of the heat sink. The sub-assemblies are stacked to form a plurality of cell pockets that receive a battery cell. The battery cell assembly further includes a plurality of tie rods for fixing the plurality of sub-assemblies together. The first frame is formed with a plurality of through holes, and the second frame is formed with a plurality of protrusions with a hole extending therethrough. The frames are brought together such that each protrusion is at least partially received in a respective through hole. The interior surfaces of corresponding protrusions and through holes of the stack of frames form a passage for one of the tie rods to extend through.

Abstract: A battery support includes a rigid, thermally conductive upper plate having first and second opposing major surfaces. The support also includes at least one lower plate disposed on the second major surface and comprising a plurality of protrusions extending away from the second major surface and in fluid communication, the plurality of protrusions defining a first manifold portion, a second manifold portion, and plurality of non-linear passages extending along a first direction between the first and second manifolds, a cross-section of the plurality of protrusions defining the plurality of non-linear passages comprising a curved portion with a width that is at least twice the height of the curved portion. The support further includes a first conduit in fluid communication with the first manifold portion and a second conduit in fluid communication with the second manifold portion.

Abstract: A battery cell assembly includes a plurality of sub-assemblies. Each sub-assembly includes a heat sink and a first frame and a second frame disposed on opposite sides of the heat sink. The sub-assemblies are stacked to form a plurality of cell pockets that receive a battery cell. The battery cell assembly further includes a plurality of tie rods for fixing the plurality of sub-assemblies together. The first frame is formed with a plurality of through holes, and the second frame is formed with a plurality of protrusions with a hole extending therethrough. The frames are brought together such that each protrusion is at least partially received in a respective through hole. The interior surfaces of corresponding protrusions and through holes of the stack of frames form a passage for one of the tie rods to extend through.

Abstract: A window pane having a window sash attached thereto to reduce noise transmitted through the window pane. The window sash comprising a bracket and tuned mass damper attached to the bracket at one or more spaced intervals. The one or more spaced intervals are adjusted to tune the window sash to a targeted frequency to reduce the noise transmitted through the window pane. The targeted frequency may be the coincidence frequency of the window pane. The stiffness and/or mass of the bracket and tuned mass damper can also be chosen to reduce the noise transmitted through the window pane.

Abstract: A window sash reduces noise through a window pane. The window sash includes a bracket with a tuned mass damper. The window sash can be tuned by adjusting the interval spacing of attachment points or cut-out areas. The spaced intervals may be equal to a multiple of the wavelength of the frequency targeted for noise reduction. The frequency targeted for noise reduction may be the coincidence frequency of the window pane. The stiffness and/or mass of the window sash, the bracket, and/or the stiffeners coupled to the bracket can also be tuned.

Abstract: A novel solid axle front suspension system is disclosed having a staggered shock absorber arrangement which increases and balances shock absorber lever ratios, and provides adequate damping in both vehicle roll and axle pitch conditions. A leaf spring assembly with an elliptical forward bushing improves vehicle suspension noise, vibration and harshness levels. Leaf spring windup is reduced by an axle anti-windup device which is secured at its rearward end to the axle and which includes at its forward end a movable link to the vehicle frame. A bilateral link steering linkage assembly provides improved steering and handling, wherein a tie rod connects the two front steering knuckles together, and a drag link extends from a pitman arm to one of the two steering knuckles at a rearward sweep angle in a substantially horizontal plane. A panard rod extends from the vehicle frame to the solid axle at a rearward sweep angle that is substantially equivalent to the rearward sweep angle of the drag link.