Abstract: A multi-tier application for interaction with a user interface. The application comprises a presentation tier (e.g. a web server with a JSP/servlet engine) and a business logic tier (e.g. an application server) to manipulate data for subsequent presentation on the user interface. A direction module, such as a requested resource definition, has a plurality presentation and function definitions for accessing a presentation component defined externally to the requested resource definition and the function definition for identifying a function component also defined externally to the requested resource definition.

Abstract: A multi-tier application for interaction with a user interface, such as a browser on a PC or PDA. The application comprises a presentation tier (such as a web server with a JSP/servlet engine) and a business logic tier (such as an application server) to manipulate data for subsequent presentation on the user interface. A direction module has a plurality of coupled directions, including a function direction to direct a corresponding functional component to perform a data processing function using the business logic tier and provide a data processing output, and a presentation direction to direct a corresponding presentation component to incorporate the data processing output, when applicable, into a presentation template to produce a presentation element for the user interface. The function component and presentation component are independent and separate from each other, the connection being the function component produces the data and the presentation component consumes the output data.

Abstract: A multi-tier application for interaction with a user interface comprises a presentation tier (e.g. a web server with a JSP/servlet engine) and a business logic tier (e.g. an application server) to manipulate data for subsequent presentation on the user interface. A direction module, such as a requested resource definition, has a plurality presentation and function definitions for accessing a presentation component defined externally to the requested resource definition and the function definition for identifying a function component also defined externally to the requested resource definition.

Abstract: A multi-tier application for interaction with a user interface, such as a browser on a PC or PDA. The application comprises a presentation tier (such as a web server with a JSP/servlet engine) and a business logic tier (such as an application server) to manipulate data for subsequent presentation on the user interface. A direction module has a plurality of coupled directions, including a function direction to direct a corresponding functional component to perform a data processing function using the business logic tier and provide a data processing output, and a presentation direction to direct a corresponding presentation component to incorporate the data processing output, when applicable, into a presentation template to produce a presentation element for the user interface. The function component and presentation component are independent and separate from each other, the connection being the function component produces the data and the presentation component consumes the output data.