Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates transferring data between a data device and a data terminal across a network. The system initializes itself by establishing connections between the controller, multiplexer, and data device. The system operates by receiving a request at a multiplexer from a controller to transfer data from the data device to the data terminal. The multiplexer forwards this request to the data device that has the requested data. The multiplexer then receives a set of parameters from the data device, including the location of the outgoing data within the data device. The multiplexer moves the data from the data device into an outgoing data stream, thereby removing the necessity of first copying the data into the controller.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, a method and apparatus for a server node is disclosed. This server node consists of one or more processors. The processors are configured to perform server functions as well as switch and router functions including load balancing and fail-over. The server nodes also have a plurality of ports. These ports allow the server nodes to be connected combined to form blocks and networks as well as to provide connection to external networks. When a server node receives a request, it determines whether it can handle the request. If possible, the server node handles the request. If the server node cannot handle the request, it routes the request to a second, neighboring server node.

Abstract: A modular computer system may be provided. The modular computer system may comprise a carrier operable removably to receive a plurality of computer system modules therein. A plurality of information processing modules can be removably received in the carrier, each module may have a communications port operable to connect to a communications network internal to the carrier. The modular computer system may also comprise a switch operable to connect to the internal communications network to distribute information messages between the modules and to connect to an external communications network. An information distribution module may be provided removably received in the carrier operable connect to the internal communications network to receive an information message, to perform processing on the message to determine a destination, and to forward the message toward the determined destination via the internal communications network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interconnecting a first device and a second device in a network. The first device and the second device are connected to a plurality of interfaces. The plurality of interfaces emulate a single high-speed interface. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first identifier is assigned to the first interface and the second interface at the first device. According to another embodiment of the present invention, one of the plurality of interfaces is selected to transmit a packet of data.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates transferring data between a data device and a data terminal across a network. The system initializes itself by establishing connections between the controller, multiplexer, and data device. The system operates by receiving a request at a multiplexer from a controller to transfer data from the data device to the data terminal. The multiplexer forwards this request to the data device that has the requested data. The multiplexer then receives a set of parameters from the data device, including the location of the outgoing data within the data device. The multiplexer moves the data from the data device into an outgoing data stream, thereby removing the necessity of first copying the data into the controller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for implementing Quality of Service (QoS) in a network environment in which client connections are maintained for limited periods of time. According to one embodiment, packet forwarding devices of a network, such as routers, bridges, and Local Area Network (LAN) switches, are caused to forward packets associated with a client according to a particular class of service, e.g., best-efforts, premium service, associated with the user of the client by assigning a network address, e.g., an Internet Protocol (IP) address, to the client based upon the particular class of service. According to another embodiment, a method of configuring the packet forwarding devices in a network is provided. For each class of service supported, information identifying one or more ranges of network addresses that are to receive a particular measure of service associated with the class of service is communicated to the packet forwarding devices.

Abstract: A modular computer system may be provided. The modular computer system may comprise a carrier operable removably to receive a plurality of computer system modules therein. A plurality of information processing modules can be removably received in the carrier, each module may have a communications port operable to connect to a communications network internal to the carrier. The modular computer system may also comprise a switch operable to connect to the internal communications network to distribute information messages between the modules and to connect to an external communications network. An information distribution module may be provided removably received in the carrier operable connect to the internal communications network to receive an information message, to perform processing on the message to determine a destination, and to forward the message toward the determined destination via the internal communications network.

Abstract: A protocol processor is a specialized processor dedicated to extracting data (i.e., a payload) from an incoming communication (e.g., packet) and configuring outgoing data for transmission, and includes one or more protocol processing elements (PPE). Each PPE may be programmed to handle any set of communication protocols, and includes a set of large registers (e.g., 128 bytes, 256 bytes). A PPE also includes a parse unit for parsing packets to retrieve certain information and a lookup unit for accessing a control block indicating how to process an incoming packet or outgoing payload. A modification unit removes headers from incoming packets and/or adds them to outgoing data. A timer unit manages a large number of timers (e.g., for different communication streams). A control block cache may store recently accessed control blocks, and a data streaming unit streams packets (or packet portions) into and out of the registers.

Abstract: A multi-layer network element for forwarding received packets from an input port to one or more output ports. The packet is examined to look for first and second forwarding information. A packet is also assigned to a class and provided with default packet forwarding information. An associative memory is searched once for each type of information. The results from the two searches are combined with the default packet forwarding information to forward the packet to the appropriate one or more output ports. In some instances, the results of the first search dominate the forwarding decision, in other, the results of the second search dominate the forwarding decision, and in still other instances, the default information dominates.

Abstract: A multi-layer network element for forwarding received packets from an input port to one or more output ports. The packet is examined to look for different types of forwarding information. An associative memory is searched once for each type of information. The results from the two searches are combined to forward the packet to the appropriate one or more output ports. The packet may be examined for other information as well to make the forwarding decisions. In one embodiment, the invention examines the packet for layer 2 information as the first type and layer 3, and perhaps some layer 4, information as the second type. The results are merged to determine the most appropriate combination of layer 2 or layer 3 forwarding decisions for the packet.

Abstract: A network system dynamically controls data flow between physical links by logically combining multiple physical links into a single logical channel trunk, preferably to balance data flow carried by each link. Each link in the trunk has identical physical layer and identical media access control layer characteristics. A system server assigns a single media access control layer address to the single trunked logical channel, preferably randomly by hashing destination media access control layer addresses for the links. The system server includes, in addition to a physical layer and a network layer, a pseudo-driver software layer disposed therebetween, which pseudo-driver software layer functions as a multiplexer in a receive path and functions as a de-multiplexer in a transmit path. The resultant preferably Ethernet-compatible network system operates in full-duplex mode and distributes packets from the server to the links to preserve temporal order of data flow.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing hardware-assisted CPU access to a forwarding database is described. According to one aspect of the present invention, a switch fabric provides access to a forwarding database on behalf of a processor. The switch fabric includes a memory access interface configured to arbitrate access to a forwarding database memory. The switch fabric also includes a search engine coupled to the memory access interface and to multiple input ports. The search engine is configured to schedule and perform accesses to the forwarding database memory and to transfer forwarding decisions retrieved therefrom to the input ports. The switch fabric further includes command execution logic that is configured to interface with the processor for performing forwarding database accesses requested by the processor.