Abstract: A method of inhibiting PAR2 activation of keratinocytes by boosting the PAR2 inhibition ability of a vitamin B3 compound and an N-acyl amino acid compound with a Laminaria Saccharina extract. The method may be used to improve the appearance of hyperpigmented spots on skin. By determining the amount of Laminaria Saccharina extract needed to boost PAR2 inhibition ability of a vitamin B3 compound and an N-acyl amino acid compound, improved skin care composition can be formulated for the treatment of hyperpigmented skin.

Abstract: A cosmetic method for reducing the level of High-Mobility Group Protein B1 released from keratinocytes. The method includes identifying a target portion of skin where reduction of HMGB1 level is desired, and topically applying a nicotinamide riboside containing cosmetic composition to the target portion of skin during a treatment period, which is sufficient to reduce the level of HMGB1 released by keratinocytes. By reducing HMGB1 protein level, melanocyte dendricity can be reduced, thereby resulting in less melanin being taken into keratinocytes. The reduction in melanin transfer may provide a way to treat skin pigmentation disorders such as hyperpigmented spots.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition suitable for topical application, for example, is provided. In some examples, the cosmetic composition may include bisabolol, undecylenoyl phenylalanine and/or hexyldecanol, and a material selected from the group consisting of ethyl palmitate, stearyl alcohol, bis(2-ethylhexyl)adipate, bis(2-ethylhexyl)maleate, 5-pentadecanol, 1-stearoyl-rac-glycerol, bis(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate, and mixtures thereof. A method of reducing the synthesis of melanin by using the cosmetic compositions is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method of identifying a test agent as a skin tone agent. The method includes determining the level of high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), messenger RNA associated with the expression and/or regulation of HMGB1 (HMGB1 mRNA), and/or micro-RNA associated with the expression and/or regulation of HMGB1 (HMGB1 miRNA) present in the test sample, and identifying the test agent as a skin tone agent when there is no increase in HMGB1 level, a downregulation in transcription of HMGB1 mRNA, and/or an upregulation of HMGB1 miRNA. The method also includes identifying a test agent as a skin tone agent when the test agent inhibits or prevents an increase in melanocyte dendricity and/or body size caused by HMGB1.

Abstract: A method of making a skin composition that includes an effective amount of skin care agent selected to inhibit HMGB1 stimulation of human melanocytes. The method includes determining the level of high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), messenger RNA associated with the expression and/or regulation of HMGB1 (HMGB1 mRNA), and/or micro-RNA associated with the expression and/or regulation of HMGB1 (HMGB1 miRNA) present in the test sample, and identifying the test agent as a skin tone agent when there is no increase in HMGB1 level, a downregulation in transcription of HMGB1 mRNA, and/or an upregulation of HMGB1 miRNA. The method also includes identifying a test agent as a skin tone agent when the test agent inhibits or prevents an increase in melanocyte dendricity and/or body size caused by HMGB1, and incorporating the skin tone agent in a dermatologically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition suitable for topical application, for example, is provided. In some examples, the cosmetic composition may include undecylenoyl phenylalanine, hexyldecanol, and bisabolol. A method of reducing the synthesis of melanin by using said cosmetic compositions is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition for topical application to skin is provided. The cosmetic composition includes vitamin B3 compound, a ricinoleate compound and a dermatologically acceptable carrier. The vitamin B3 compound and the ricinoleate beneficially or even synergistically up-regulate proteasomal protease activity as evidenced by a higher observed net luminescence value relative to the calculated net luminescence value in B16 melanoma cells.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition suitable for topical application, for example, is provided. In some examples, the cosmetic composition may include batyl alcohol, undecylenoyl phenylalanine, hexyldecanol, and bisabolol. A method of reducing the synthesis of melanin by using the cosmetic compositions is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition suitable for topical application, for example, is provided. In some examples, the cosmetic composition may include undecylenoyl phenylalanine, hexyldecanol, and bisabolol. A method of reducing the synthesis of melanin by using said cosmetic compositions is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition formulated for topical application to skin is provided. The composition includes a safe and effective amount of cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol; a safe and effective amount of an N-acyl amino acid compound; and a dematologically acceptable vehicle.

Abstract: A method of improving the appearance of a hyperpigmented spot may comprise the step of applying a composition comprising an effective amount of banyan tree serum fraction, lotus serum fraction, and clover serum fraction to a hyperpigmented spot on a skin surface, wherein the composition is applied for a period of time sufficient to improve the appearance of the hyperpigmented spot. The method may include the step of identifying a hyperpigmented spot on a facial skin surface. Other methods as disclosed include a method for improving the appearance of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition formulated for topical application to skin is provided. The composition includes a safe and effective amount of cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol; a safe and effective amount of an N-acyl amino acid compound; and a dermatologically acceptable vehicle.

Abstract: A method of improving the appearance of aging skin may comprise the step of applying a composition comprising an effective amount of banyan tree serum fraction, lotus serum fraction, and clover serum fraction to a sign of aging on a skin surface, wherein the composition is applied for a period of time sufficient to improve the appearance of the aging skin. The method may include the step of identifying a sign of aging on a facial skin surface.

Abstract: A method of improving the appearance of a hyperpigmented spot may comprise the step of applying a composition comprising a safe and effective amount of an Laminaria Saccharina extract to a hyperpigmented spot on a skin surface, wherein the composition is applied for a period of time sufficient for the Laminaria Saccharina extract to improve the appearance of the hyperpigmented spot. The method may include the step of identifying a hyperpigmented spot on a facial skin surface. Other methods as disclosed include a method for improving the appearance of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting tyrosinase activity may involve the step of applying a composition comprising a Laminaria Saccharina extract to a substrate in need of tyrosinase inhibition. The method may further comprise a step of identifying a substrate in need of tyrosinase inhibition. The composition may be left on the substrate and/or repeatedly applied to the substrate to achieve the desired inhibition of tyrosinase activity.

Abstract: A method of improving the appearance of a hyperpigmented spot and improving skin tone may comprise the steps of applying a safe and effective amount of a Laminaria Saccharina extract to a hyperpigmented spot on a skin surface, wherein the Laminaria Saccharina extract is applied for a period of time sufficient to improve the appearance of the hyperpigmented spot; and of applying a skin tone agent to the skin surface, wherein said tone agent is a vitamin B3 compound and wherein the tone agent is applied for a period of time sufficient to improve skin tone.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses topical oral care compositions comprising the combination of an anti-bacterial agent with an anti-inflammatory agent in an orally acceptable carrier for effective treatment and prevention of bacteria-mediated diseases and conditions in the oral cavity and for modulating host reaction to bacterial pathogens present in the oral cavity and to the toxins, endotoxins, inflammatory cytokines and mediators released by or prompted by these pathogens. The present invention also encompasses methods of use of these compositions comprising topical application to the oral cavity. The benefits of the present compositions and methods extend beyond treating and preventing oral bacterial infections in the oral cavity to promoting whole body or systemic health.

Abstract: A method of improving the appearance of aging skin may comprise the step of applying a composition comprising an effective amount of banyan tree serum fraction, lotus serum fraction, and clover serum fraction to a sign of aging on a skin surface, wherein the composition is applied for a period of time sufficient to improve the appearance of the aging skin. The method may include the step of identifying a sign of aging on a facial skin surface.

Abstract: A method of improving the appearance of a hyperpigmented spot may comprise the step of applying a composition comprising an effective amount of banyan tree serum fraction, lotus serum fraction, and clover serum fraction to a hyperpigmented spot on a skin surface, wherein the composition is applied for a period of time sufficient to improve the appearance of the hyperpigmented spot. The method may include the step of identifying a hyperpigmented spot on a facial skin surface. Other methods as disclosed include a method for improving the appearance of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Abstract: The present invention provides cosmetic compositions comprising Ficus serum fraction derived from fresh Ficus cell juice of fresh Ficus leaves. The cosmetic composition also comprises a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The Ficus serum fraction is present in the composition at a cosmetically effective amount for achieving the desired skin lightening result.