Abstract: A casting system for pouring nonferrous metal molten masses, in particular copper or copper alloys, has a tundish and a submerged pipe feeding into a molten bath inside a thin-slab mold. Trouble-free discharge of the melt into the mold and degassing at the exposed surface of the mold is ensured. The submerged pipe leading from the tundish along a pre-defined pouring angle has first and second sections. The latter is a tip nozzle that submerses into the molten bath. It has at its wall facing the mold bottom one or more discharge openings effecting a change in the flow direction of the molten mass. A lip at the tip nozzle is spaced so as to overlap the discharge opening, to cause a second flow direction change and lateral distribution. The discharge opening and the lip are disposed inside the mold bath, below a bath surface, during operation.

Abstract: The object of this invention was to create starting copper cathodes which prevent a memory effect during copper electrolysis, achieving a high production output of electrolytic copper and which can also be manufactured from directly shaped copper sheeting material in the form of a coil. A suitable method of producing starting cathodes for processing copper sheet produced by conventional methods. The proposed starting cathodes are made of milled copper sheets with a thickness of 0.3 to 1.2 mm, is soft annealed after milling and has a strength of 210 to 240 N/mm2. The copper sheet is cut to the length and width determined by the dimensions of the electrolysis bath and has a flat, fat-free, burless surface. Ear strips of copper sheet with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.6 mm are mounted on the suspension side.