Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for performing coordinated beamforming sounding in a wireless local area network. A first access point wireless device can transmit, to a second access point wireless device, an initial control frame that initiates a transmit opportunity for coordinated beamforming sounding. The initial control frame can include an indication of a first duration that is configured for use in determining a network allocation vector. An initial control response that includes an indication of a second duration that is configured for use in determining the network allocation vector can be received from the second access point wireless device. The second duration can be derived from the first duration, for example such that the same network allocation vector can be derived from the indication of the first duration as from the indication of the second duration.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for an enhanced buffer status report (BSR) in a wireless local area network system, e.g., such as an IEEE 802.11 based system in a wireless local area network. A wireless device can determine a queue size of a buffer exceeds a reportable limit via a buffer status report, e.g., that can be reported in a quality of server (QoS) control field and/or a BSR subfield of a medium access control (MAC) header of a frame. In addition, the wireless device can report, e.g., based on the determining, a queue size greater than the reportable limit. The queue size greater than the reportable limit can be reported via the frame, e.g., can be carried in an A-control field of the MAC header of the frame.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to determine a transmission opportunity (TXOP) for transmitting to a station, process, based on signaling received from the station, an indication comprising an unavailability start time and an unavailability duration that occurs during the TXOP and perform an operation related to the TXOP based on the indication.

Abstract: An electronic device is described. This electronic device can include: an antenna node communicatively coupled to an antenna; and an interface circuit, communicatively coupled to the antenna node, that communicates with a second electronic device. During operation, the interface circuit can provide, addressed to at least the second electronic device, a groupcasting with retries (GCR) block acknowledgment request (BAR), where the GCR BAR indicates that the GCR BAR is protected. Note that the GCR BAR can include a GCR multi-user BAR (MU-BAR). Moreover, the indication can be included in a reserved bit in the GCR BAR. For example, the reserved bit can include bit 0 or at least one of bits 5-11 in a BAR control field. Furthermore, the GCR BAR can indicate a key identifier using the reserved bit.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for control frame-based media access control header integrity protection in a wireless local area network. One or more media access control protocol data units can be generated. A control frame that includes media access control header content associated with the media access control protocol data unit(s) can be generated. The control frame can also include sequence number range information for the media access control protocol data unit(s). The control frame can also include integrity protection information for the media access control header content and sequence number range information. The control frame and the media access control protocol data unit(s) can be wirelessly transmitted.

Abstract: An electronic device that provides a trigger frame is described. This electronic device includes: an antenna node communicatively coupled to an antenna; and an interface circuit, communicatively coupled to the antenna node, that communicates with a second electronic device. During operation the interface circuit receives, associated with the second electronic device, the trigger frame that includes an indication that at least a portion of the trigger frame is protected, and the indication is included in a common information field or a special user information field. Moreover, the trigger frame is compatible with an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and mechanisms for secondary channel (SC) operation enhancements for enhanced multilink single-radio (eMLSR). An access point may transmit, to one or more wireless stations, one or more ICFs that may indicate that eMLSR-SC capable wireless stations are to switch to a secondary channel. The ICFs may be transmitted on a primary channel and one or more secondary channel(s). Further, the ICF may include a user information field that may include a resource unit index and a bandwidth index that in combination indicate that eMLSR-SC capable wireless stations are to switch to an indicated secondary channel. In addition, the access point may receive, from at least one wireless station of the one or more wireless stations, an IR frame that may indicate that the at least one wireless station has switched to the indicated secondary channel. Additionally, the access point may communicate on the secondary channel with the at least one wireless station.

Abstract: A communication system is provided in which access points (APs) communicate with stations (STAs). The APs and STAs may convey integrity-protected frames. The APs and STAs may integrity check the integrity-protected frames. The APs and STAs may transmit integrity-protected block acknowledgement (BA) frames in response to receiving integrity-protected frames. The APs and STAs may integrity check the integrity-protected BA frames. Padding may be inserted into the integrity-protected frames and/or BA frames to accommodate processing delays associated with generating and verifying message integrity checks (MICs) in the frames and/or BA frames. Integrity checking the frames may be performed before, after, or both before and after transmitting a corresponding BA frame.

Abstract: A signal field indication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: generating, by a transmit end, a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a SIG-A indication field, and the SIG-A indication field includes at least one of a field used to indicate a number of SIG-A information symbols and a field used to indicate a SIG-A information bandwidth; and sending, by the transmit end, the PPDU. According to the method provided in this application, the transmit end may indicate different numbers of SIG-A information symbols and/or different SIG-A information bandwidths.

Abstract: A signal field indication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: generating, by a transmit end, a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a SIG-A indication field, and the SIG-A indication field includes at least one of a field used to indicate a number of SIG-A information symbols and a field used to indicate a SIG-A information bandwidth; and sending, by the transmit end, the PPDU. According to the method provided in this application, the transmit end may indicate different numbers of SIG-A information symbols and/or different SIG-A information bandwidths.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatuses for performing a encryption and/or protection of MAC headers and/or control frames are described. A wireless device can determine a randomized MAC address and offset to obfuscate MAC headers and/or control frames, e.g., which can change at different times/intervals. The wireless device can determine an encryption block pattern, which can be based on an encryption key and/or nonce. The wireless device can encrypt the MAC header and/or control frame. Similarly, a receiving device can receive an encrypted MAC header and/or control frame and decrypt it according to corresponding techniques.

Abstract: The present invention relates to HARQ, particularly for IEEE 802.11, i.e. Wi-Fi. The invention proposes a transmitting device for supporting such HARQ, in which the order of scrambling and encoding is changed compared to the conventional transmitter. Likewise the invention proposes a receiving device for supporting such HARQ, in which the order of descrambling and decoding is changed compared to the conventional receiver. In particular, the transmitting device is configured to encode at least one data unit using Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding, scramble the encoded data unit based on a scrambling seed, provide an indication of the scrambling seed that is separate from the scrambled and encoded data unit, and transmit the indication of the scrambling seed and then the scrambled and encoded data unit to a receiving device.

Abstract: A radio physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) sending method includes: obtaining, a radio physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a high efficiency-signal field A (HE-SIG-A) and a high efficiency-signal field B (HE-SIG-B), the HE-SIG-A includes a field indicating a quantity of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the HE-SIG-B, and wherein a value of the field indicates one of the following: that the quantity of OFDM symbols included in the HE-SIG-B is greater than or equal to 16, or the quantity of OFDM symbols included in the HE-SIG-B; and sending the PPDU.

Abstract: A channel access method and apparatus, where the method includes: determining, by a station, backoff duration based on a current first contention window; determining random padding duration based on a current second contention window when the backoff duration is reached; sending, on a channel, padding data whose duration is the random padding duration; detecting a state of the channel after the padding data is sent; and sending data on the channel if the state of the channel is an idle state.

Abstract: A transmitting device for supporting Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) includes scrambling and encoding, in which the order of scrambling and encoding is changed compared to the conventional transmitter. Likewise, a receiving device for supporting HARQ includes descrambling and decoding, in which the order of descrambling and decoding is changed compared to the conventional receiver. In particular, the transmitting device is configured to encode at least one data unit using Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding, scramble the encoded data unit based on a scrambling seed, provide an indication of the scrambling seed that is separate from the scrambled and encoded data unit, and transmit the indication of the scrambling seed and then the scrambled and encoded data unit to the receiving device.

Abstract: A signal field indication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: generating, by a transmit end, a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a SIG-A indication field, and the SIG-A indication field includes at least one of a field used to indicate a number of SIG-A information symbols and a field used to indicate a SIG-A information bandwidth; and sending, by the transmit end, the PPDU. According to the method provided in this application, the transmit end may indicate different numbers of SIG-A information symbols and/or different SIG-A information bandwidths.

Abstract: A two-stage insertion system including a gripper to grip a module, a compliance element to provide movement in the XY axis, a first stage insertion control to insert the module into a socket, to a first level, and a second stage insertion control to complete the insertion of the module into the socket, when the first stage insertion control indicates that the module is aligned to the socket, the second level insertion control exerting enough force to complete the insertion of the module into the socket.

Abstract: A signal field indication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: generating, by a transmit end, a PPDU, where the PPDU includes a SIG-A indication field, and the SIG-A indication field includes at least one of a field used to indicate a number of SIG-A information symbols and a field used to indicate a SIG-A information bandwidth; and sending, by the transmit end, the PPDU. According to the method provided in this application, the transmit end may indicate different numbers of SIG-A information symbols and/or different SIG-A information bandwidths.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) in wireless communication technologies, particularly HARQ for IEEE 802.11, i.e. HARQ for Wi-Fi. One example transmitting device is configured to encapsulate a data unit in a container unit, and encode the container unit into a codeword set of one or more codewords. One example receiving device is configured to receive, from a transmitting device, at least one codeword set of one or more codewords, decode the codewords of the codeword set to obtain a container unit, and decapsulate the container unit to obtain a data unit. A bit-size of the container unit is equal to a bit-size of the codeword set in the transmitting device and the receiving device.

Abstract: A radio physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) sending method includes: obtaining, a radio physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), wherein the PPDU includes a high efficiency-signal field A (HE-SIG-A) and a high efficiency-signal field B (HE-SIG-B), the HE-SIG-A includes a field indicating a quantity of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the HE-SIG-B, and wherein a value of the field indicates one of the following: that the quantity of OFDM symbols included in the HE-SIG-B is greater than or equal to 16, or the quantity of OFDM symbols included in the HE-SIG-B; and sending the PPDU.