Abstract: Devices, methods, and compositions for cancer therapy by administration of chemotherapeutic agents and/or inhibitors of membrane efflux systems to the vagina for topical and systemic tumor targets.

Abstract: Methods for increasing the bioavailability of certain orally administered pharmaceutical compounds by the coadministration of inhibitors of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) are disclosed. Particular combinations of UGT inhibitors and pharmaceutical compound are described.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and compositions for cancer therapy by administration of chemotherapeutic agents and/or inhibitors of membrane efflux systems to the vagina for topical and systemic tumor targets.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing bioavailability of an orally administered pharmaceutical compound comprising orally coadministering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound and a gallic acid ester. Preferred gallic acid esters of the invention include octyl gallate, propyl gallate, lauryl gallate, and methyl gallate. Improved formulations of pharmaceutical compounds include the gallic acid ester to enhance the bioavailability of the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical compound.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailability and reducing inter- and intra-individual variability of an orally administered hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound, which comprises orally coadministering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound with an essential oil or essential oil component in an amount sufficient to provide bioavailability of the compound in the presence of the essential oil or essential oil component greater than bioavailability of the compound in the absence of the essential oil or essential oil component, wherein the essential oil or essential oil component has an activity of at least 10% inhibition at a concentration of 0.01 wt. % or less in an assay that measures conversion of cyclosporine to hydroxylated products using an assay system containing 250 .mu.g rat liver microsomes, 1 .mu.M cyclosporine, and 1 mM reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in 1 ml of 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailability of an orally administered hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound, which comprises orally administering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound concurrently with a bioenhancer comprising an inhibitor of a cytochrome P450 3A enzyme or an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein-mediated membrane transport, the bioenhancer being present in sufficient amount to provide bioavailability of the compound in the presence of the bioenhancer greater than the bioavailability of the compound in the absence of the bioenhancer.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailability of an orally administered pharmaceutical compound comprises orally administering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound concurrently with propyl gallate. Improved formulations of pharmaceutical compounds include propyl gallate to enhance the bioavailability of the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical compound.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailabilty of an orally administered hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound, which comprises orally administering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound concurrently with an essential oil or essential oil component in an amount sufficient to provide bioavailability of the compound in the presence of the essential oil or essential oil component greater than bioavailability of the compound in the absence of the essential oil or essential oil component, wherein the essential oil or essential oil component has an activity of at least 10% inhibition at a concentration 0.01 wt. % or less in an assay that measures reduced conversion of cyclosporine to hydroxylated products using an assay system containing 250 .mu.g rat liver microsomes, 1 .mu.M cyclosporine, and 1 .mu.M reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in 1 ml of 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailability and reducing inter- and intra-individual variability of an orally administered hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound, which comprises orally administering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound concurrently with an essential oil or essential oil component in an amount sufficient to provide bioavailability of the compound in the presence of the essential oil or essential oil component greater than bioavailability of the compound in the absence of the essential oil or essential oil component, wherein the essential oil or essential oil component has an activity of at least 10% inhibition at a concentration of 0.01 wt. % or less in an assay that measures conversion of cyclosporine to hydroxylated products using an assay system containing 250/.mu.g rat liver microsomes, 1.mu.M cyclosporine, and 1 mM reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in 1 ml of 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailability and reducing inter- and intra-individual variability of an orally administered hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound, which comprises orally administering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound concurrently with an essential oil or essential oil component in an amount sufficient to provide bioavailability of the compound in the presence of the essential oil or essential oil component greater than bioavailability of the compound in the absence of the essential oil or essential oil component, wherein the essential oil or essential oil component has an activity of at least 10% inhibition at a concentration of 0.01 wt. % or less in an assay that measures conversion of cyclosporine to hydroxylated products using an assay system containing 250 .mu.g rat liver microsomes, 1 .mu.M cyclosporine, and 1 mM reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in 1 ml of 0.1M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4.