Abstract: 2-chloro-3-oxopentanoic acid alkyl ester is condensed with the addition of bases with formamidinium salts into 5-chloro-6-ethyl-4-hydroxypyrimidine. The latter is converted with phosphoryl chloride into 4,5-dichloro-6-ethylpyrimidine.

Abstract: Process for the production of 2,4-diamino-6-piperidinylpyridine-3-N-oxide starting from hydroxylamine and cyanamide by way of intermediate product 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine-3-N-oxide.

Abstract: 2-Aza-4-(alkoxycarbonyl)spiro[4,5]-decan-3-one and a process for the production of it, starting either from cyclohexylidene malonic acid esters or cyclohexylidene cyanoalkylates. Process of using the product for the production of 1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexane acetic acid.

Abstract: 2-Aza-4-(alkoxycarbonyl)spiro[4,5]-decan-3-one and a process for the production of it, starting either from cyclohexylidene malonic acid esters or cyclohexylidene cyanoalkylates. The cyclohexylidene malonic acid ester is reacted with hydrocyanic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of alkali cyanide or with a stoichiometric amount of alkali cyanide, in an alcohol, and subsequently treated with an acid. The resultant (1-cyanocyclohexyl) malonic acid dialkyl ester is converted by catalytic hydrogenation into the product. The cyclohexylidene cyanoalkylate is reacted with a stoichiometric amount of alkali cyanide, in an alcohol or with hydrocyanic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali cyanide. The resultant (1-cyanocyclohexyl)-cyanoacetic acid alkyl ester is reacted in an alcohol in an acid to provide (1-cyanocyclohexyl) malonic acid dialkyl ester. The later ester is converted by catalytic hydrogenation into the product.