Abstract: A tissue treatment catheter and system include a catheter shaft sized and shaped for delivery through a radial artery to a blood vessel of a patient. The catheter shaft has several lumens, including a guidewire lumen, a cable lumen, and one or more fluid lumens. A stiffening web extends from the guidewire lumen and is thicker than an outer wall of the catheter shaft. The tissue treatment catheter and system include an ultrasound transducer, a balloon surrounding the ultrasound transducer, and a single electrical cable electrically connected to the ultrasound transducer to deliver sufficient electrical energy during sonication to the transducer such that the transducer thermally induces modulation of neural fibers surrounding the blood vessel sufficient to improve a measurable physiological parameter corresponding to a diagnosed condition of the patient. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Described herein are acoustic-based tissue treatment systems, apparatuses, and methods for use therewith. Certain such apparatuses comprise a catheter sized and shaped for delivery through a radial artery including a catheter shaft having distal and proximal ends, a plurality of lumens extending longitudinally through the catheter shaft between the distal and proximal ends thereof, and an ultrasound transducer distally positioned relative to the distal end of the catheter shaft. A balloon may surround the ultrasound transducer and at least one of the plurality of lumens may be configured to provide a cooling fluid to the balloon at a pressure and flow rate sufficient to protect non-target tissue in the blood vessel wall from thermal injury.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ultrasound transducers that are selectively insulated to thereby enable the transducers to be exposed to an electrically conductive fluid without causing a short circuit between electrodes of the transducers. Such a transducer includes a piezoelectric transducer body having a first surface and a second surface that are spaced apart from one another and do not intersect with one another. The ultrasound transducer also includes a first electrode disposed on the first surface, a second electrode disposed on the second surface, and an electrical insulator covering only one of first and second electrodes and configured to inhibit electrical conduction between the first electrode and the second electrode when the ultrasound transducer is placed within an electrically conductive fluid. Also disclosed are apparatuses and systems that include such a transducer. Related methods are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method for real-time displaying of cross-sectional images during an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging procedure includes, during an intravascular ultrasound imaging procedure, receiving electrical signals from at least one transducer in a catheter as the at least one transducer rotates and moves longitudinally along a lumen of a patient blood vessel; during the intravascular ultrasound imaging procedure, processing the received electrical signals to form a series of cross-sectional images that are longitudinally-offset from one another along a length of the lumen; during the intravascular ultrasound imaging procedure, concurrently displaying i) a most recent image and ii) a previous image that is either a) selected by the operator or b) automatically selected as having a maximum or minimum of a selected image characteristic; and, during the intravascular ultrasound imaging procedure, updating the display of the most recent image as a new image from the series of cross-sectional images is processed.

Abstract: A catheter assembly for an ultrasound system can include an integrated pullback arrangement. For example, the catheter assembly can include a telescoping pullback section having a first telescope, a second telescope, a distal grip coupling one of the first or second telescope to the distal sheath of the distal section, and a proximal grip coupled to another of the first or second telescope so that the first telescope can be retracted into the second telescope and a sensor to determine a position of the first telescope. Another example includes the sensor and a pullback slider arrangement having a housing defining a slit, a coupler disposed within the housing, and a slider handle extending through the slit and coupled to the coupler. In another example, the coupler and housing can be gripped and slid relative to each other.

Abstract: A catheter assembly for an ultrasound system can include an integrated pullback arrangement. For example, the catheter assembly can include a telescoping pullback section having a first telescope, a second telescope, a distal grip coupling one of the first or second telescope to the distal sheath of the distal section, and a proximal grip coupled to another of the first or second telescope so that the first telescope can be retracted into the second telescope and a sensor to determine a position of the first telescope. Another example includes the sensor and a pullback slider arrangement having a housing defining a slit, a coupler disposed within the housing, and a slider handle extending through the slit and coupled to the coupler. In another example, the coupler and housing can be gripped and slid relative to each other.

Abstract: Aberration estimation uses cross correlation of receive-focused transmit element data. A set of sequentially fired broad transmit beams insonify an object from different steering angles. Each transmit beam emanates from an actual or a virtual transmit element. For every firing, a receive beamformer forms a transmit element image of the insonified region by focusing the received signals. An estimator estimates aberration by cross correlating or comparing the transmit element images. Where a virtual transmit element is used, the virtual transmit element images are back propagated to an actual transmit element position before aberration estimation. The estimations are used to form corrected transmit element images which are then summed pre-detection to form a high-resolution synthetic transmit aperture. Alternatively, the estimations are used to improve conventional focused-transmit imaging.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for pacing site selection. In one example, a method includes using a sensing element such as an ultrasonic transducer, an optical pressure sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor, a SAW pressure sensor, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, or any other suitable sensing element to sense a measure related to a cardiac strain in a heart resulting from contraction and relaxation of myocardium during a cardiac cycle. Based on the sensed strain, an output may be provided for use by a user of the system to select a segment of the heart for lead placement.

Abstract: Contrast agent destruction transmissions have reduced biological effect in medical diagnostic ultrasound. Ramping-up amplitude and/or ramping-down frequency reduce biological effect. The amplitude ramps up linearly or non-linearly. The change in amplitude or frequency occurs over a single waveform or over a sequence of separate transmissions. An envelope of the single waveform or the sequence of separate transmissions has a non-uniform, asymmetrical, symmetrical, rectangular or other shape. For example, the frequency ramp-down is provided with a non-Gaussian envelope. The amplitude ramp-up or frequency ramp-down is a progressively increasing destructive characteristic or ability, destroying contrast agent at different regions relative to focal regions with a minimum of acoustic energy.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method of selecting one or more operational parameters of an ultrasonic imaging system. In particular, methods and means are disclosed for automatically or semi-automatically determining a best operating frequency, or for determining whether a system should operate in a fundamental imaging mode or a harmonic imaging mode.

Abstract: In k31 mode, a vibration is along an axis or orthogonal to the poling or electric field orientation. The direction of vibration is toward a face of an ultrasound transducer array. For each element of the array, electrodes are formed perpendicular to the face of the array, such as along the sides of the elements. Piezoelectric material is poled along a dimension parallel with the face of the transducer and perpendicular to the direction of acoustic energy propagation. Using elements designed for k31 resonant mode operation may provide for a better electrical impedance match, such as where small elements sizes are provided for a multi-dimensional transducer arrays. For additional impedance matching, the elements may be made from multiple layers of piezoelectric ceramic. Since the elements operate from a k31 mode, the layers are stacked along the poling direction or perpendicular to a face of the transducer array for transmitting or receiving acoustical energy.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a medical image viewer in compliance with a medical image standard is provided, and a file in compliance with the medical image standard is provided to the medical image viewer. The medical image standard specifies a first field for data not in compliance with the medical image standard and a second field for data in compliance with the medical image standard. The first field of the file comprises medical image data, and the second field of the file comprises information that can be used to obtain software to at least one of display and manipulate the medical image data. The software is obtained, and at least one of the following is performed with the software: displaying the medical image data and manipulating the medical image data. Other embodiments are provided, and each of the embodiments described herein can be used alone or in combination with one another.

Abstract: During scanning or in real-time with acquisition of ultrasound data, a plurality of images is generated corresponding to a plurality of different planes in a volume. The volume scan data is searched by a processor to identify desired views. Multiple standard or predetermined views are generated based on plane positioning within the volume by the processor. Multi-planar reconstruction, guided by the processor, allows for real-time imaging of multiple views at a substantially same time. The images corresponding to the identified views are generated independent of the position of the transducer. The planes may be positioned in real-time using a pyramid data structure of coarse and fine data sets.

Abstract: Transducer with different array configurations and methods of using the transducers are provided. An electrode layer on one side of a transducer device defines a one-dimensional array of elements. An electrode layer on an opposite side of the transducer device defines a multi-dimensional array. For example, one transducer device may be used for both two-dimensional imaging and three-dimensional imaging in response to the one-dimensional array and multi-dimensional array electrode configurations. Real time three-dimensional imaging and two-dimensional imaging may be provided with a single transducer. As another example, elements defined by one electrode configuration have a different surface area than elements defined by another electrode configuration. The different configurations on opposite sides of the transducer devices may be a same type (e.g. both one-dimensional arrays) or different types.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein relate to stepping through the stages of a protocol using an input device and a protocol controller for a medical diagnostic imaging system. The protocol controller may be operative to transition from one stage to a next stage in the protocol in response to no more than a single input from the input device. Thus, a single input from the input device may indicate to the protocol controller to transition to each of the stages of the protocol. In one embodiment, the same single input, such as a stage transition input, is received to transition to each stage of the at least two sequential stages. In another embodiment, different single input, such as different keys on a keyboard, may be used to transition to different stages of the at least two sequential stages. Other embodiments are provided, and each of the embodiments described herein can be used alone or in combination with one another.

Abstract: A diagnostic medical imaging system is disclosed, such as a diagnostic medical ultrasound system, which uses operational rules or an anatomic model of an anatomical structure as an organizational framework for applying anatomy-specific auxiliary/secondary information. After processing the operational rules on the acquired images or associating the model with the acquired images, adapting/fitting the model to match the images if necessary, the imaging system can associate aspects of the images being acquired with the auxiliary/secondary information, allowing the imaging system to behave as if it “knows” what it is scanning. The auxiliary information may be rules that affect the behavior of the imaging system, or may be the acquired image samples. System behavior may then be automatically adapted or the operator may be prompted to make operational changes.

Abstract: A diagnostic medical imaging system is disclosed, such as a diagnostic medical ultrasound system, which uses operational rules or an anatomic model of an anatomical structure as an organizational framework for applying anatomy-specific auxiliary/secondary information. After processing the operational rules on the acquired images or associating the model with the acquired images, adapting/fitting the model to match the images if necessary, the imaging system can associate aspects of the images being acquired with the auxiliary/secondary information, allowing the imaging system to behave as if it “knows” what it is scanning. The auxiliary information may be rules that affect the behavior of the imaging system, or may be the acquired image samples. System behavior may then be automatically adapted or the operator may be prompted to make operational changes.

Abstract: Transducer with different array configurations and methods of using the transducers are provided. An electrode layer on one side of a transducer device defines a one-dimensional array of elements. An electrode layer on an opposite side of the transducer device defines a multi-dimensional array. For example, one transducer device may be used for both two-dimensional imaging and three-dimensional imaging in response to the one-dimensional array and multi-dimensional array electrode configurations. Real time three-dimensional imaging and two-dimensional imaging may be provided with a single transducer. As another example, elements defined by one electrode configuration have a different surface area than elements defined by another electrode configuration. The different configurations on opposite sides of the transducer devices may be a same type (e.g. both one-dimensional arrays) or different types.

Abstract: A pulse echo beamforming system generates high spatial bandwidth ultrasound images using only a few transmit/receive events per frame. Each transmit/receive event consists of firing an unfocused or weakly focused wave and receiving and storing the echo on every receive channel. Each set of stored echoes is delayed and apodized to form component beams for each desired image point in the region insonified by that particular wave. The final images are synthesized by adding two or more of the component beams for each image point.

Abstract: A medical ultrasonic imaging method uses transmitted plane waves, or transmitted wavefronts that are substantially planar, to improve contrast agent imaging by generating peak pressures that are more uniform over depth. Depending on the type of contrast agent, the returned frequencies of interest, and the desired strength of the non-linear response, multiple wavefronts can be generated at substantially the same time to increase peak pressures.