Abstract: N-type conjugated compounds are disclosed which include at least one conjugated electron-acceptor unit The conjugated electron-acceptor unit includes a diborylene unit. The compounds find application in an electron acceptor layer of an electronic device.

Abstract: A process for transferring patterned non-densely packed interfacial particle films onto substrates by providing a substrate, modifying the substrate so that it is non-water wetting, providing an interfacial film of charged particles, applying a surface modifying procedure to said particles, and applying the interfacial particle film to the modified substrate to thereby form a patterned non-densely packed film on the substrate.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes pixel electrodes, a transparent electrode, and an electrophoretic ink layer. The electrophoretic ink layer includes a transparent film. Grooves are defined on the transparent film. Each groove is arranged between one of the pixel electrodes and the transparent electrode, and includes suspension fluid, and charged pigment particles dispersed in the suspension fluid. When application of an electric field between one of the pixel electrodes and the transparent electrode causes movement of the charged pigment particles of one of the grooves corresponding to the pixel electrode, and the groove displays a corresponding color.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes pixel electrodes, a transparent electrode, and an electrophoretic ink layer including cavities. Each cavity is arranged between one of the pixel electrodes and the transparent electrode, and each cavity comprises suspension fluid, charged particles, and neutral particles, the charged particles and neutral particles being dispersed in the suspension fluid. The neutral particles are dispersed in the center of the cavities and substantially stationary, and the charged particles are capable of moving through the suspension fluid. Application of an electric field to a pixel electrode and the transparent electrode causes a migration of the charged particles of a cavity connected to the pixel electrode and a corresponding color becomes viewable.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes an electrophoretic ink layer, a plurality of pixel electrodes and a plurality of TFTs (thin film transistors) formed on a lower substrate. Each pixel electrode is connected between one TFT and the electrophoretic ink layer, first path terminals of all of the TFTs are connected to a power source driver, control terminals of all of the TFTs are connected to a gate driver. A transparent electrode is formed between the upper substrate and the electrophoretic ink layer. The electrophoretic ink layer includes a plurality of tubular cavities connected between the transparent electrode and the pixel electrodes, each tubular cavity contains a plurality of charged pigment particles. When a TFT is turned on by the gate driver, the source driver applies a voltage to the pixel electrode corresponding to the TFT, then driving the charged pigment particles to move and the tubular cavity displays corresponding color.

Abstract: A color electroluminescent (EL) display device comprises a transparent substrate, and a transparent electrode arranged on the transparent substrate. The EL display also includes an electroluminescent layer arranged on the transparent electrode that comprises a plurality of pixel units. Each pixel unit comprises at least two regions comprising electroluminescent materials capable of emitting light of different colors. The EL display further comprises a plurality of opposing electrodes arranged on the electroluminescent layer. Each of the opposing electrodes cooperates with the transparent electrode to apply a voltage to one of the at least two regions of each pixel unit.

Abstract: New photoresist compositions are provided that are useful for immersion lithography. Preferred photoresist compositions of the invention comprise one or more materials having a water contact angle that can be changed by treatment with base and/or one or more materials that comprise fluorinated photoacid-labile groups and/or one or more materials that comprise acidic groups spaced from a polymer backbone. Particularly preferred photoresists of the invention can exhibit reduced leaching of resist materials into an immersion fluid contacting the resist layer during immersion lithography processing.

Abstract: A low voltage coefficient MOS capacitor includes first and second dielectric layers between first and second capacitor plates, with a common plate separating the dielectric layers. First and second terminals are coupled to first and second capacitor plates.

Abstract: A process for transferring patterned non-densely packed interfacial particle films onto substrates by providing a substrate, modifying the substrate so that it is non-water wetting, providing an interfacial film of charged particles, applying a surface modifying procedure to said particles, and applying the interfacial particle film to the modified substrate to thereby form a patterned non-densely packed film on the substrate.

Abstract: A method for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure employs a sequence of slurry polishes. In the first step the substrate is polished with either silica-based slurry or diluted ceria-based slurry. The first polishing is at a higher removal rate than the second polishing step. The polishing proceeds with some planarization but does not expose the polish stop layer. After partial planarization, the high selectivity slurry was used to complete the process. Improved throughput, lower defects and good within wafer uniformity are achieved.

Abstract: An in-line hot-wire sensor for monitoring the mixing and the flow rate of slurry is disclosed. The hot-wire sensor may include a number of resistors organized into a Wheatstone bridge, as well as a frequency-domain transform mechanism. The resistors include a hot-wire resistor that is placed in-line with the slurry after substances have been mixed to become the slurry. The Wheatstone bridge thus yields a signal that is transformed to the frequency domain by the frequency-domain transform mechanism, such as by performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the signal. The frequency-domain transform is used to monitor the mixing of the substances into the slurry, and the flow rate of the slurry. The signal may be amplified prior to transformation to the frequency domain.

Abstract: The invention provides three-coordinated organoboron compounds that are useful for photoluminescence and electroluminescence. Compounds of the invention include light emitters, preferably emitting intense blue light, electron transporters, hole transporters and hole injectors. A particularly preferred such compound is p-(1-naphthylphenylamino)-4,4?-biphenyldimesitylborane (BNPB), which demonstrates all of these properties. The invention further provides methods of synthesizing such three-coordinated boron compounds, methods of producing photoluminescence and electroluminescence, methods for charge transports, methods for hole injection, methods of applying the compounds in thin films, and uses of the compounds of the invention in luminescent probes, and electroluminescent displays.

Abstract: A method for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of a shallow trench isolation (STI) structure employs a sequence of slurry polishes. In the first step the substrate is polished with either silica-based slurry or diluted ceria-based slurry. The first polishing is at a higher removal rate than the second polishing step. The polishing proceeds with some planarization but does not expose the polish stop layer. After partial planarization, the high selectivity slurry was used to complete the process. Improved throughput, lower defects and good within wafer uniformity are achieved.

Abstract: A brake steering mechanism for a vehicle includes a vehicle body having a seat properly disposed at a preset area in opposition to a brake pedal and an acceleration pedal disposed at the front of the vehicle body thereof wherein a left and a right brake sticks are mounted to both lateral sides of the seat and linked to a left and a right brake components of a left and a right front wheels via a first and a second control wires respectively for controlling the movement of the left and right front wheels thereof respectively. A rear wheel with a rear brake component is disposed at the back of the vehicle body wherein the brake pedal is linked to the rear brake component thereof via a third control wire for controlling the movement of the rear wheel thereof. Thus, the vehicle body is easily turned to the left/right via the left/right brake sticks and doubly held in brake via the first, second, and third control wires thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides organic compounds of the general structures (1A), (1B) and (1C) 1

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a MIM capacitor which is characterized as follows. We provide a semiconductor structure having a first region and a capacitor region. Next we form a first conductive layer over the semiconductor structure. The first conductive layer is patterned to form a plurality of trenches in the capacitor region. We form a capacitor dielectric layer over the first conductive layer. We form a top plate over the capacitor dielectric layer in the capacitor region. The first conductive layer in the first region is patterned to form conductive patterns and a bottom plate. An interlevel dielectric layer is formed over the first conductive layer and top plate.

Abstract: A bubble cycling heat exchanger comprises a sealing fluid loop, a heat absorbing source, a bubble generator, an expanding area for generating bubbles to be transferred to a fluid loop and a radiator. As one end of the seal loop is connected to the heat absorbing source, another end being connected to the radiator. The bubble generator is installed in the loop. Overheat will generate bubbles in the loop. As an unequilibrium occurs, the bubble will separate so that the fluid in the loop will flow to transfer heat, and thus heat is radiated from the radiator. As a result, the loop operating continuously until a heat equilibrium is achieved.

Abstract: An in-line hot-wire sensor for monitoring the mixing and the flow rate of slurry is disclosed. The hot-wire sensor may include a number of resistors organized into a Wheatstone bridge, as well as a frequency-domain transform mechanism. The resistors include a hot-wire resistor that is placed in-line with the slurry after substances have been mixed to become the slurry. The Wheatstone bridge thus yields a signal that is transformed to the frequency domain by the frequency-domain transform mechanism, such as by performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the signal. The frequency-domain transform is used to monitor the mixing of the substances into the slurry, and the flow rate of the slurry. The signal may be amplified prior to transformation to the frequency domain.

Abstract: A stacked-type heat dissipating apparatus of the present invention includes at least one layer of heat dissipating plate stacked upon a heat guiding plate. The heat dissipating plate has a plurality of strip-shaped projections formed therein to provide a separation space between at least one layer of heat dissipating plate and the heat guiding plate. Each of the strip-shaped projections having two ends respectively formed a first pierced edge in a punch press for providing an air guide channel. Whereby the present invention has a high stacking density at small volume integrally and to assemble easily, further to provide a large porosity, to reduce hydraulic resistance and hydraulic noise.

Abstract: A bubble cycling heat exchanger is disclosed. A closed fluid loop is in contact with a heat absorbing source through a heat conducting block; the loop has a bubble generator, an expanding area for generating bubbles is installed at loop; the loop is also formed with a guide region from which bubbles is easily separable and a radiator; a heat conducting block of the closed loop is connected to a heat absorbing source; since the overheat of the heat absorbing source will cause the loop to generate bubble; by an unequilibrium formed at the guide region of the loop, the bubbles will separate from the heat absorbing source so that the liquid in the loop flows for transferring heat so that heat is radiated by the fins or other elements of the radiator from the primary element of a computer at the heat absorbing source, the loop operates continuously until a heat equilibrium is achieved.