Abstract: A method for implementing a GRE tunnel, an access point (AP), and a gateway (GW). The method includes: the AP receives a first packet, where the first packet carries an address of the GW; configures a GRE tunnel to the GW, where a source destination of the GRE tunnel is an address of the AP, and a destination address of the GRE tunnel is the address of the GW; the AP receives a second packet sent by user equipment; performs GRE tunnel encapsulation for the second packet to form a third packet; and the AP sends the third packet to the GW by using the GRE tunnel, where the third packet carries the address of the AP. The embodiments of the present application enable efficient establishment of the GRE tunnel between the AP and the GW if there are a large quantity of APs.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a packet forwarding method and a network device, which are applicable to a system that includes a source node, a destination node, a first device, and a second device, where L1, L2, L3 and L4 are established, and the packet forwarding method includes: receiving, by the second device through a universal tunnel, a packet to be sent to a destination node, where the packet carries service data and one of identifiers of the L1, the L2, the L3, and the L4; according to the identifier carried in the packet, querying a preconfigured logical channel mapping in the second device, determining that a forwarding channel is the L4, and sending the service data in the packet to the destination node through the L4. By using the technical solutions, the number of ICB PWs can be reduced.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a network establishing method. The method includes: acquiring a first comparison result obtained by comparing a comprehensive performance value of a first device with a comprehensive performance value of a second device, where the performance value of the first device respectively indicate one or more aspects of a data exchange capability of the first device, and the performance value of the second device respectively indicate one or more aspects of a data exchange capability of the second device; and setting the first device as a group server or a group client of a primary network according to the first comparison result, where the primary network includes the first device and the second device.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method, system, and device for forwarding data frames, and relates to the communication field. The method includes: An upstream near-end device in a faulty part of a working tunnel activates a segmental protection tunnel after receiving a data frame when a part of the working tunnel fails, where the start node of the segmental protection tunnel is the upstream near-end device and the end node of the segmental protection tunnel is a downstream near-end device in the faulty part; the upstream near-end device forwards the data frame to the downstream near-end device through the segmental protection tunnel; and the data frame at the downstream near-end device is forwarded to the destination device through the faultless part of the working tunnel. The present disclosure provides segmental protection for the PBB TE tunnel.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a method for measuring performance of multi-service in a tunnel, including: receiving a measurement message corresponding to a service packet, where a priority of the measurement message is the same as that of the service packet, and the measurement message includes at least one of the three: a packet loss measurement parameter, a delay measurement parameter, and a jitter measurement parameter; and measuring performance of a service in a tunnel according to a measurement parameter in the measurement message. According to the embodiments of the present application, a problem that performance measurement cannot be performed for different services transmitted in a tunnel in the prior art may be solved.

Abstract: A cooperative communication method includes determining bandwidth of a first wireless network that user equipment (UE) currently accesses, determining bandwidth required by data to be sent to the UE, and when the bandwidth of the first wireless network cannot meet the bandwidth required by the to-be-sent data, sending a first part of data packets to the first wireless network, and sending a second part of the data packets to at least one core network, so that the at least one core network sends the second part of the data packets to the UE using at least one wireless network, where a communications protocol of the first wireless network is different from that of the at least one wireless network. Bandwidth resources can be integrated on wireless networks with different communications protocols, so that fluent transmission of data can be implemented.

Abstract: A method for implementing communication in a WLAN is provided. A routing device receives a packet from an authentication server. The packet carries an identifier of a user terminal and a pairwise master key PMK corresponding to the identifier of the user terminal. The routing device is an endpoint that initiates EAP authentication. The routing device manages the user terminal. The routing device from the packet obtains the identifier of the user terminal and the PMK. The routing device sends a control message to an access controller AC. The control message carries the identifier of the user terminal and the PMK. The AC manages the AP. The user terminal accesses the WLAN by using the AP. The routing device receives a response message from the AC.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for measuring performance of multi-service in a tunnel, including: receiving a measurement message corresponding to a service packet, where a priority of the measurement message is the same as that of the service packet, and the measurement message includes at least one of the three: a packet loss measurement parameter, a delay measurement parameter, and a variation measurement parameter; and measuring performance of a service in a tunnel according to a measurement parameter in the measurement message. According to the embodiments of the present invention, a problem that performance measurement cannot be performed for different services transmitted in a tunnel in the prior art may be solved.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a device for establishing a pseudo wire are disclosed. The method includes: receiving, by a switching provider edge at a bifurcation position, a label mapping message, obtaining information of the switching provider edge at the bifurcation position and information of at least two next hops or outgoing interfaces of the switching provider edge through parsing, comparing the information of the switching provider edge at the bifurcation position with information of a local device, and if the information of the switching provider edge at the bifurcation position matches with the information of the local device, establishing at least two pseudo wires from the switching provider edge according to the information of at least two next hops or outgoing interfaces.

Abstract: A method, a device and a system for establishing a Pseudo Wire (PW) are provided. The method includes: receiving, by a switching node, a control message; constructing a first control message according the first FEC information and the routing information in the control message, and sending the first control message to a second terminal node; constructing, by the second terminal node, a second control message, where the second control message includes the second FEC information and the second routing information, and the second FEC information carries identification information of the first terminal node; and sending the second control message to the switching node. In the method, it is unnecessary to manually configure a PW routing table on the switching node or establish a PW routing table dynamically through a routing protocol, and it is unnecessary to configure mapping relations between PW segments manually. This method achieves robust maintenance.

Abstract: An object identification device includes an image capturing device to capture images polarized in different directions. A noise removal unit removes noise in the polarized images using a noise removing parameter. An index value computing unit computes an object identification index value for identification-processing areas in the polarized images using data of noise-removed polarized images. An object identification processing unit conducts object identification by determining identification processing areas corresponding to an identification target object based on the object identification index value. An environment information obtaining unit obtains environment information. An environmental condition determination unit determines an environmental condition based on the environment information. A parameter storage unit stores noise removing parameters prepared for mutually exclusive environmental conditions.

Abstract: A method, a device and a system for establishing a Pseudo Wire (PW) are provided. The method includes: receiving, by a switching node, a control message; constructing a first control message according the first FEC information and the routing information in the control message, and sending the first control message to a second terminal node; constructing, by the second terminal node, a second control message, where the second control message includes the second FEC information and the second routing information, and the second FEC information carries identification information of the first terminal node; and sending the second control message to the switching node. In the method, it is unnecessary to manually configure a PW routing table on the switching node or establish a PW routing table dynamically through a routing protocol, and it is unnecessary to configure mapping relations between PW segments manually. This method achieves robust maintenance.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a packet forwarding method and a network device, which are applicable to a system that includes a source node, a destination node, a first device, and a second device, where L1, L2, L3 and L4 are established, and the packet forwarding method includes: receiving, by the second device through a universal tunnel, a packet to be sent to a destination node, where the packet carries service data and one of identifiers of the L1, the L2, the L3, and the L4; according to the identifier carried in the packet, querying a preconfigured logical channel mapping in the second device, determining that a forwarding channel is the L4, and sending the service data in the packet to the destination node through the L4. By using the technical solutions, the number of ICB PWs can be reduced.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a device for establishing a pseudo wire are disclosed. The method includes: receiving, by a switching provider edge at a bifurcation position, a label mapping message, obtaining information of the switching provider edge at the bifurcation position and information of at least two next hops or outgoing interfaces of the switching provider edge through parsing, comparing the information of the switching provider edge at the bifurcation position with information of a local device, and if the information of the switching provider edge at the bifurcation position matches with the information of the local device, establishing at least two pseudo wires from the switching provider edge according to the information of at least two next hops or outgoing interfaces.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method, system, and device for forwarding data frames, and relates to the communication field. The method includes: An upstream near-end device in a faulty part of a working tunnel activates a segmental protection tunnel after receiving a data frame when a part of the working tunnel fails, where the start node of the segmental protection tunnel is the upstream near-end device and the end node of the segmental protection tunnel is a downstream near-end device in the faulty part; the upstream near-end device forwards the data frame to the downstream near-end device through the segmental protection tunnel; and the data frame at the downstream near-end device is forwarded to the destination device through the faultless part of the working tunnel. The present disclosure provides segmental protection for the PBB TE tunnel.

Abstract: A method, a device and a system for establishing a Pseudo Wire (PW) are provided. The method includes: receiving, by a switching node, a control message; constructing a first control message according the first FEC information and the routing information in the control message, and sending the first control message to a second terminal node; constructing, by the second terminal node, a second control message, where the second control message includes the second FEC information and the second routing information, and the second FEC information carries identification information of the first terminal node; and sending the second control message to the switching node. In the method, it is unnecessary to manually configure a PW routing table on the switching node or establish a PW routing table dynamically through a routing protocol, and it is unnecessary to configure mapping relations between PW segments manually. This method achieves robust maintenance.

Abstract: An object identification device includes an image capturing device to capture images polarized in different directions. A noise removal unit removes noise in the polarized images using a noise removing parameter. An index value computing unit computes an object identification index value for identification-processing areas in the polarized images using data of noise-removed polarized images. An object identification processing unit conducts object identification by determining identification processing areas corresponding to an identification target object based on the object identification index value. An environment information obtaining unit obtains environment information. An environmental condition determination unit determines an environmental condition based on the environment information. A parameter storage unit stores noise removing parameters prepared for mutually exclusive environmental conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, an apparatus, and a system for setting up a bidirectional point-to-multipoint label switched path. The method includes: distributing a leaf node label of a leaf-to-source data path and a source node label of a source-to-leaf data path through a Path message and a Resource Reservation message by using a Resource Reservation Protocol-Traffic Engineering to set up a bidirectional point-to-multipoint label switched path. The bidirectional point-to-multipoint label switched path that is set up in the present invention ensures consistency of LSPs in both directions, and overcomes a defect that the source node needs to send multiple data packets to the leaf nodes through multiple bidirectional point-to-multipoint label switched paths when a source transmits data to a leaf in the prior art.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method, system, and device for forwarding data frames, and relates to the communication field. The method includes the following steps: An upstream near-end device in a faulty part of a working tunnel activates a segmental protection tunnel after receiving a data frame when a part of the working tunnel fails, where the start node of the segmental protection tunnel is the upstream near-end device and the end node of the segmental protection tunnel is a downstream near-end device in the faulty part; the upstream near-end device forwards the data frame to the downstream near-end device through the segmental protection tunnel; and the data frame at the downstream near-end device is forwarded to the destination device through the faultless part of the working tunnel. The present disclosure provides segmental protection for the PBB TE tunnel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus and a method for monitoring the quality of a spot welding process. The measured electric current and voltage signals between electrodes of a spot welding system are converted into digital data first. Then the two digital data are processed to obtain their complex forms via Hillbert transform respectively to construct their imaginary part. Finally, the electrical impedance Zin is obtained from dividing the complex form of digital voltage by the complex form of digital current. The electrical impedance Zin can be applied to compare with historical data to diagnose the quality of spot-welding points.