Abstract: The present inventions relate to improved and enhanced chromatographic systems for analyzing DNA, such as DNA released from AAV virions. The present inventions avoid past problems through the use of larger pore size media, different column flow rates and buffers comprising surfactants and increased concentrations of inorganic salts, and typically have column pressures of about 1450 to about 1550 psi.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vibration-reducing and noise-absorbing pipeline assembly with metamaterial characteristics. The assembly comprises a connecting component, a dispersion pipeline, and a flow pipeline, wherein the inner diameter of the dispersion pipeline gradually changes from small to large, and the dispersion pipeline comprises a small port and a large port. The dispersion pipeline further comprises a hose, which communicates with the interior of the flow pipeline. Fluid flows in the pipeline assembly from the connecting component to the dispersion pipeline, via a deflection portion and a guide portion, wherein with reference to a flow direction of the fluid, the deflection portion is located upstream of the guide portion, and the deflection portion is configured for changing the flow direction of the fluid, thus minimizing vibration of the pipeline assembly and damping resonance frequencies.

Abstract: A microchannel flat tube applicable in a microchannel heat exchanger includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body along a width direction. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body along a length direction. A cross-section of each channel includes a first width in the width direction and a first height in a thickness direction. The row of channels at least includes a first group of first channels, a second group of second channels and a third group of third channels along the width direction. The first widths of the first channels, the second channels and the third channels decrease at a fixed value, thereby facilitating the control of the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for quantification of viral genomes present inside viral capsids using a droplet digital PCR assay. In embodiments, the methods include preparing a sample of viral genome by sample dilution, treating the diluted sample of viral genome with DNase I/Proteinase K, analyzing the sample of viral genome by ddPCR assay, and determining a viral titer based on analysis of data obtained from the ddPCR assay. In examples, the ddPCR assay in accordance with the present disclosure produces a variability rate of no more than 5%.

Abstract: A microchannel flat tube applicable in a microchannel heat exchanger includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body along a width direction. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body along a length direction. A cross-section of each channel includes a first width in the width direction and a first height in a thickness direction. The row of channels at least includes a first group of first channels, a second group of second channels and a third group of third channels along the width direction. The first widths of the first channels, the second channels and the third channels decrease at a fixed value, thereby facilitating the control of the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides stable lyophilized pharmaceutical compositions comprising recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) particles. In certain embodiments, the compositions contain, in addition to the rAAV particles, a buffer, one or more salts, a surfactant, a bulking agent, and a sugar. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present disclosure exhibit a substantial degree of rAAV stability upon stress and storage.

Abstract: The present application discloses a microchannel flat tube and a microchannel heat exchanger. The microchannel flat tube includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body along a width direction. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body along a length direction. A cross-section of each channel includes a first width in the width direction and a first height in a thickness direction. The row of channels at least includes a first group of first channels, a second group of second channels and a third group of third channels along the width direction. The first widths of the first channels, the second channels and the third channels decrease at a fixed rate, thereby facilitating the control of the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the third channels.

Abstract: The present application discloses a microchannel flat tube and a microchannel heat exchanger. The microchannel flat tube includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The flat tube body includes a first plane, a second plane, a first side surface and a second side surface. The first side surface and the second side surface are arranged on opposite sides of the flat tube body. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body. The row of channels at least includes a first channel, a second channel and a third channel which are arranged in a width direction. Cross-sectional areas of the first channel, the second channel and the third channel in the width direction change according to an exponential function.

Abstract: Methods for determining the relative abundance of intact adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid components in a sample of recombinant AAV particles are disclosed. In embodiments, the methods include a system regeneration process that minimizes or eliminates the presence of ghost peaks to maximize analytical accuracy and ensure product quality and consistency.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to using size exclusion chromatography to isolate AAV genome, to determine the vector genome size purity of a composition comprising isolated rAAV particles, to assess the folding or secondary structure of vector genomes inside the capsids, and to determine vector genome titer (Vg) of a composition comprising isolated rAAV particles.

Abstract: The present application discloses a microchannel flat tube and a microchannel heat exchanger. The microchannel flat tube includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body along a width direction. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body along a length direction. A cross-section of each channel includes a first width in the width direction and a first height in a thickness direction. The row of channels at least includes a first group of first channels, a second group of second channels and a third group of third channels along the width direction. The first widths of the first channels, the second channels and the third channels decrease at a fixed rate, thereby facilitating the control of the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the third channels.

Abstract: The present application discloses a microchannel flat tube and a microchannel heat exchanger. The microchannel flat tube includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body along a width direction. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body along a length direction. A cross-section of each channel includes a first width in the width direction and a first height in a thickness direction. The row of channels at least includes a first channel, a second channel and a third channel along the width direction. The first widths of the first channel, the second channel and the third channel are decreased at a fixed ratio, thereby facilitating the control of the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the third channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to using spectrophotometry to estimate genome copies and full/empty ratios adeno-associated virus particles.

Abstract: The present application discloses a microchannel flat tube and a microchannel heat exchanger. The microchannel flat tube includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body along a width direction. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body along a length direction. A cross-section of each channel includes a first width in the width direction and a first height in a thickness direction. The row of channels at least includes a first channel, a second channel and a third channel along the width direction. The first widths of the first channel, the second channel and the third channel are decreased at a fixed ratio, thereby facilitating the control of the thickness of the microchannel flat tube and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the third channel.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lead-acid battery, including the steps of making paste from leady oxide, sulfuric acid, lead powder, Naples Yellow, and water, pasting a lead-containing alloy grid to define an uncured battery plate, curing the pasted battery plate, positioning the cured plate in a lead-acid battery cell, and charging the cell convert the basic lead sulfate crystal structures into lead dioxide containing one or more of the ancient pigments.

Abstract: The present application discloses a microchannel flat tube and a microchannel heat exchanger. The microchannel flat tube includes a flat tube body and a row of channels. The flat tube body includes a first plane, a second plane, a first side surface and a second side surface. The first side surface and the second side surface are arranged on opposite sides of the flat tube body. The row of channels is arranged in the flat tube body. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body. The row of channels extends through the flat tube body. The row of channels at least includes a first channel, a second channel and a third channel which are arranged in a width direction. Cross-sectional areas of the first channel, the second channel and the third channel in the width direction change according to an exponential function.

Abstract: A light driving circuit includes a first and second illuminant unit, a power conversion unit, a first and second switching unit, and a first control unit. The power conversion unit receives an input voltage and converts the input voltage into an output voltage. The first switching unit is coupled to the first illuminant unit. When the first switching unit is turned on, the first illuminant unit is driven by the output voltage to emit light and generate a first output current. The second switching unit is coupled to the second illuminant unit. When the second switching unit is turned on, the second illuminant unit is driven by the output voltage to emit light and generate a second output current. The first control unit controls the first switching unit and the second switching unit to be turned on/off according to the first output current and the second current, respectively.

Abstract: A converter includes a first bridge arm and a voltage clamping unit. The first bridge arm includes a first switching unit. The voltage clamping unit is coupled to the first bridge arm, and includes a first charging branch and a second charging branch. The first charging branch is configured to have a first resonant frequency, to absorb a first spike of the first switching unit. The second charging branch is configured to have a second resonant frequency to absorb a second spike of the first switching unit.

Abstract: A converter includes a first bridge arm and a voltage clamping unit. The first bridge arm includes a first switching unit. The voltage clamping unit is coupled to the first bridge arm, and includes a first charging branch and a second charging branch. The first charging branch is configured to have a first resonant frequency, to absorb a first spike of the first switching unit. The second charging branch is configured to have a second resonant frequency to absorb a second spike of the first switching unit.

Abstract: A power converter includes a primary side compensation capacitor, a transformer and a secondary side compensation capacitor. The primary side compensation capacitor receives a first AC voltage from a first switch circuit. The transformer receives the first AC voltage to generate a second AC voltage. The secondary side compensation capacitor transfers the second AC voltage to a second switch circuit to generate a DC output voltage. The operating frequency of the first switch circuit is set within the 0.8*fa to 1.2*fb, and fb is at most 1.5 times of fa. The primary side compensation capacitor and a primary side leakage inductance of the transformer correspond to a first resonant frequency, the secondary side compensation capacitor and a secondary side leakage inductance of the transformer correspond to a second resonant frequency, fa and fb are the lower one and the higher one of the first and second resonant frequency respectively.