Abstract: A three-dimensional positioning system includes establishing a geometric model for optical AND radar sensors, obtaining rational function conversion coefficients, refining the rational function model and positioning three-dimensional coordinates. The system calculates rational polynomial coefficients from a geometric model of optical AND radar sensors, followed by refining a rational function model by determined ground control points and object image space intersection. The system then measures one or more conjugate points on the optical and radar images. Finally, an observation equation is established by the rational function model to solve and display three-dimensional coordinates.

Abstract: A method for searching a building roof facet and reconstructing a roof structure line, in which the searching is performed automatically and without limitation of how slope of the roof facet, and the building structure line is constructed through aerial imagery. At first, lidar point clouds on the roof are extracted to compose a roof facet by using coplanarity analysis, and the roof is differentiated to a possible flat roof and a pitched roof. An optimal roof facet is obtained by analyzing lidar point clouds to overcome the low pitched facet issue. A relationship of a roof facet on a 2-dimensional space is analyzed to ascertain an area of a roof structure line. An initial boundary is generated. Line detection is performed on the images and a roof structure line segment is composed. All the structure line segments are used to reconstructing a 3-dimensional building pattern in object space.

Abstract: A method for searching a building roof facet and reconstructing a roof structure line, in which the searching is performed automatically and without limitation of how slope of the roof facet, and the building structure line is constructed through aerial imagery. At first, lidar point clouds on the roof are extracted to compose a roof facet by using coplanarity analysis, and the roof is differentiated to a possible flat roof and a pitched roof. An optimal roof facet is obtained by analyzing lidar point clouds to overcome the low pitched facet issue. A relationship of a roof facet on a 2-dimensional space is analyzed to ascertain an area of a roof structure line. An initial boundary is generated. Line detection is performed on the images and a roof structure line segment is composed. All the structure line segments are used to reconstructing a 3-dimensional building pattern in object space.

Abstract: A three-dimensional positioning method includes establishing the geometric model of optical and radar sensors, obtaining rational function conversion coefficient, refining the rational function model and positioning the three-dimensional coordinates. Most of the radar satellite companies and part of the optical satellite only provide satellite ephemeris data, rather than the rational function model. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the rational polynomial coefficients from the geometric model of optical and radar sensors; followed by refining the rational function model by the ground control points, so that object image space intersection is more serious; and then followed by measuring the conjugate point on the optical and radar images. Finally, the observation equation is established by the rational function model to solve the three-dimensional coordinates. It is obvious from the above results that the integration of optical and radar images does achieve the three-dimensional positioning.

Abstract: A method of enhancing an image matching result using an image classification technique is disclosed, comprising the steps of acquiring relatively significantly hidden ones of a plurality of high overlapped close-range images; classifying each of the high overlapped close-range images to obtain a set of overall spectrum difference information over a multiple-spectra range; introducing a local gray level to each of the classified high overlapped close-range images to apply an integrated image matching; and evaluating a matching index by a threshold according to at least two similarity indexes to obtain a 3-dimensional point cloud coordinate position of a conjugate point for each of such images.

Abstract: The present invention combines an existing photogrammetric mapping system for building-model reconstruction. Topographic maps and models are produced simultaneously. The models can be edited along with aerial images in an online environment. Thus, efficiency and accuracy for building-model reconstruction are increased.

Abstract: A method for true-orthoimage color correction is provided. Aerial images and digital elevation models (DEMs) are used for balancing colors in orthoimages or true-orthoimages. Seam lines between images are also smoothed. Thus, color distinction between images is rectified and orthoimage quality is greatly enhanced.

Abstract: Building models having level of detail is generalized. Every single building model is generalized at first. Then, neighboring building models are processed to obtain their geometric relationship. Some of the neighboring building models are combined under specific criteria to further reduce data amount. Thus, the present invention provides smooth building model display and keeps main characteristics of the building models.

Abstract: Lidar point clouds and multi-spectral aerial images are integrated for change detection of building models. This reduces errors owing to ground areas and vegetation areas. Manifold change types are detected with low cost, low inaccuracy and high efficiency.

Abstract: A method for true-orthoimage color correction is provided. Aerial images and digital elevation models (DEMs) are used for balancing colors in orthoimages or true-orthoimages. Seam lines between images are also smoothed. Thus, color distinction between images is rectified and orthoimage quality is greatly enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention combines an existing photogrammetric mapping system for building-model reconstruction. Topographic maps and models are produced simultaneously. The models can be edited along with aerial images in an online environment. Thus, efficiency and accuracy for building-model reconstruction are increased.

Abstract: A method and system for target detecting, editing and rebuilding by 3D image is provided, which comprises an inputting and picking unit, a training and detecting unit, a displaying and editing unit and a rebuilding unit. The inputting and picking unit receives a digital image and a LiDAR data and picks up a first parameter to form a 3D image. The training and detecting unit selects a target, picks up a second parameter therefrom, calculates the second parameter to generate a threshold and detects the target areas in the 3D image according to the threshold. The displaying and editing unit sets a quick selecting tool according to the threshold and edits the detecting result. The rebuilding unit sets a buffer area surrounding the target, picks up a third parameter therefrom and calculates the original shape of the target by the Surface Fitting method according to the third parameter.

Abstract: An integrating and positioning method for high resolution multi-satellite images is provided. In the method, direct georeferencing and a Rational Functions Model (RFM) are combined, two heterogeneous mathematical integrating and positioning adjustment models are established, so as to acquire relevant positioning parameters of the direct georeferencing and the RFM, and acquire ground coordinates of ground control points and a strip tie point, and local system errors of the ground coordinates are modified through a least-square collocation method.

Abstract: A high-resolution remote sensing image is processed through a true ortho-rectification. A totally new idea of H-buffer is provided to store heights of objects on the ground. The ortho-rectification includes a hidden analysis, a hidden detection and a hidden compensation. The process uses polygon patch of a building or a roadway as process unit. In the end, seam lines after hidden compensation are smoothed. The whole process time is reduced in calculations, assures quality of the orthoimage, and meets a requirement of a high-accuracy and high-resolution digital mapping.

Abstract: The present invention provides coefficient for a strip-based image taken by a satellite. By using the coefficient, the absolute error of the image can be made smaller than two pixels. Therefore, the accuracy of the image is high. The present invention can be applied to any pushbroom scanning satellite.

Abstract: Lidar point clouds and multi-spectral aerial images are integrated for change detection of building models. This reduces errors owing to ground areas and vegetation areas. Manifold change types are detected with low cost, low inaccuracy and high efficiency.

Abstract: A method and system for target detecting, editing and rebuilding by 3D image is provided, which comprises an inputting and picking unit, a training and detecting unit, a displaying and editing unit and a rebuilding unit. The inputting and picking unit receives a digital image and a LiDAR data and picks up a first parameter to form a 3D image. The training and detecting unit selects a target, picks up a second parameter therefrom, calculates the second parameter to generate a threshold and detects the target areas in the 3D image according to the threshold. The displaying and editing unit sets a quick selecting tool according to the threshold and edits the detecting result. The rebuilding unit sets a buffer area surrounding the target, picks up a third parameter therefrom and calculates the original shape of the target by the Surface Fitting method according to the third parameter.

Abstract: A high-resolution remote sensing image is processed through a true ortho-rectification. A totally new idea of H-buffer is provided to store heights of objects on the ground. The ortho-rectification includes a hidden analysis, a hidden detection and a hidden compensation. The process uses polygon patch of a building or a roadway as process unit. In the end, seam lines after hidden compensation are smoothed.

Abstract: The present invention provides coefficient for a strip-based image taken by a satellite. By using the coefficient, the absolute error of the image can be made smaller than two pixels. Therefore, the accuracy of the image is high. The present invention can be applied to any pushbroom scaning satellite.

Abstract: A semi-automatic reconstruction method of 3-D building models using building outline segments is introduced. The core technology of the present invention is called the “Split-Merge-Shape” algorithm. The Split and Merge processes sequentially reconstruct the topology between any roof-edges of the buildings and then reform them as enclosed regions. The Shape process uses height information and consecutive-coplanar analysis to determine the shapes and heights of the roofs. After generating polyhedral building models, prismatic building models can also be generated by using a semi-automatic procedure. An existing digital topographic map of buildings can be directly used to reconstruct their 3-D models without any excess stereo-measurements. In addition to cost reduction, high efficiency, high quality, and minimization of manual operations, the integration of photogrammetric mapping with 3-D building modeling in one procedure is possible, which is the most cost-effective approach for 3-D mapping.