Abstract: A touch panel is provided in the present disclosure, including: a substrate, a conductive trace structure, and a light-shielding structure. The substrate includes a visible area and a peripheral area, and the visible area is surrounded by the peripheral area. A conductive trace structure is disposed on the visible area. The light-shielding structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer, in which the optical density of the light-shielding structure is lower than 4, the first material layer is disposed on the peripheral area, and the second material layer is disposed on the first material layer. A method of manufacturing a touch panel is provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure for the effects of saving cost and improving wire drift.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a cover plate, a first adhesive component, and a second adhesive component. The first adhesive component which is adhered underneath the cover plate, includes a plurality of first pattered sensing lines. The second adhesive component which is adhered underneath the first adhesive component, includes a plurality of second pattered sensing lines. The first pattered sensing lines and second pattered sensing lines are electrically insulated from each other.

Abstract: Multi-layer photoresists, methods of forming the same, and methods of patterning a target layer using the same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes depositing a reflective film stack over a target layer, the reflective film stack including alternating layers of a first material and a second material, the first material having a higher refractive index than the second material; depositing a photosensitive layer over the reflective film stack; patterning the photosensitive layer to form a first opening exposing the reflective film stack, patterning the photosensitive layer including exposing the photosensitive layer to a patterned energy source, the reflective film stack reflecting at least a portion of the patterned energy source to a backside of the photosensitive layer; patterning the reflective film stack through the first opening to form a second opening exposing the target layer; and patterning the target layer through the second opening.

Abstract: Multi-layer photoresists, methods of forming the same, and methods of patterning a target layer using the same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes depositing a reflective film stack over a target layer, the reflective film stack including alternating layers of a first material and a second material, the first material having a higher refractive index than the second material; depositing a photosensitive layer over the reflective film stack; patterning the photosensitive layer to form a first opening exposing the reflective film stack, patterning the photosensitive layer including exposing the photosensitive layer to a patterned energy source, the reflective film stack reflecting at least a portion of the patterned energy source to a backside of the photosensitive layer; patterning the reflective film stack through the first opening to form a second opening exposing the target layer; and patterning the target layer through the second opening.

Abstract: A touch panel is provided in the present disclosure, including: a substrate, a conductive trace structure, and a light-shielding structure. The substrate includes a visible area and a peripheral area, and the visible area is surrounded by the peripheral area. A conductive trace structure is disposed on the visible area. The light-shielding structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer, in which the optical density of the light-shielding structure is lower than 4, the first material layer is disposed on the peripheral area, and the second material layer is disposed on the first material layer. A method of manufacturing a touch panel is provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure for the effects of saving cost and improving wire drift.

Abstract: Multi-layer photoresists, methods of forming the same, and methods of patterning a target layer using the same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes depositing a reflective film stack over a target layer, the reflective film stack including alternating layers of a first material and a second material, the first material having a higher refractive index than the second material; depositing a photosensitive layer over the reflective film stack; patterning the photosensitive layer to form a first opening exposing the reflective film stack, patterning the photosensitive layer including exposing the photosensitive layer to a patterned energy source, the reflective film stack reflecting at least a portion of the patterned energy source to a backside of the photosensitive layer; patterning the reflective film stack through the first opening to form a second opening exposing the target layer; and patterning the target layer through the second opening.

Abstract: A method of forming touch panels includes providing a substrate with a visible area and a periphery area, forming a metal layer, forming a metal nanowire layer with a first portion in the visible area and a second portion in the periphery area, and performing a patterning process. Forming the metal layer includes substrate pre-treatment, adjusting a characteristic of the substrate surface, forming a catalytic center on the substrate surface, adjusting an activity of the catalytic center, and performing electroless plating on the substrate surface to form the metal layer. The patterning process includes forming a plurality of periphery lead wires from the metal layer while forming a plurality of etching layer from the metal nanowire layer using an etchant that etches the metal layer and the metal nanowire layer.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a cover plate, a first adhesive component, and a second adhesive component. The first adhesive component which is adhered underneath the cover plate, includes a plurality of first pattered sensing lines. The second adhesive component which is adhered underneath the first adhesive component, includes a plurality of second pattered sensing lines. The first pattered sensing lines and second pattered sensing lines are electrically insulated from each other.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a cover plate, a first adhesive component and a second adhesive component. The first adhesive component which is adhered underneath the cover plate, includes a plurality of first pattered sensing lines. The second adhesive component which is adhered underneath the first adhesive component, includes a plurality of second pattered sensing lines. The first pattered sensing lines and second pattered sensing lines are electrically insulated from each other.

Abstract: A hybrid vapor phase-solution phase CZT(S,Se) growth technique is provided. In one aspect, a method of forming a kesterite absorber material on a substrate includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a first kesterite material on the substrate using a vapor phase deposition process, wherein the first kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se; annealing the first kesterite material to crystallize the first kesterite material; and depositing a layer of a second kesterite material on a side of the first kesterite material opposite the substrate using a solution phase deposition process, wherein the second kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se, wherein the first kesterite material and the second kesterite material form a multi-layer stack of the absorber material on the substrate. A photovoltaic device and method of formation thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A hybrid vapor phase-solution phase CZT(S,Se) growth technique is provided. In one aspect, a method of forming a kesterite absorber material on a substrate includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a first kesterite material on the substrate using a vapor phase deposition process, wherein the first kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se; annealing the first kesterite material to crystallize the first kesterite material; and depositing a layer of a second kesterite material on a side of the first kesterite material opposite the substrate using a solution phase deposition process, wherein the second kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se, wherein the first kesterite material and the second kesterite material form a multi-layer stack of the absorber material on the substrate. A photovoltaic device and method of formation thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a plurality of first axial electrodes, a plurality of second axial electrodes and trace region. The first axial electrodes extend along a first axial direction. The second axial electrodes extend along the first axial direction and disposed to insulatively correspond to the first axial electrodes. Each of the second axial electrodes includes a central electrode, and a plurality of first branch electrodes which are electrically coupled to the central electrode, and have areas different from one another. Each of the first branch electrodes overlaps a corresponding one of the first axial electrodes. The trace region is disposed at one side of the first and second axial electrodes along the first axial direction.

Abstract: Oxide electron selective contacts for perovskite solar cells are provided. In one aspect, a method of forming a perovskite solar cell is provided. The method includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a hole transporting material on a substrate; forming a perovskite absorber on the hole transporting material; depositing an oxide electron transporting material on the perovskite absorber; and forming a top electrode on the oxide electron transporting material. Perovskite solar cells and tandem photovoltaic devices are also provided.

Abstract: A hybrid vapor phase-solution phase CZT(S,Se) growth technique is provided. In one aspect, a method of forming a kesterite absorber material on a substrate includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a first kesterite material on the substrate using a vapor phase deposition process, wherein the first kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se; annealing the first kesterite material to crystallize the first kesterite material; and depositing a layer of a second kesterite material on a side of the first kesterite material opposite the substrate using a solution phase deposition process, wherein the second kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se, wherein the first kesterite material and the second kesterite material form a multi-layer stack of the absorber material on the substrate. A photovoltaic device and method of formation thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a cover plate, a first adhesive component and a second adhesive component. The first adhesive component which is adhered underneath the cover plate, includes a plurality of first pattered sensing lines. The second adhesive component which is adhered underneath the first adhesive component, includes a plurality of second pattered sensing lines. The first pattered sensing lines and second pattered sensing lines are electrically insulated from each other.

Abstract: A hybrid vapor phase-solution phase CZT(S,Se) growth technique is provided. In one aspect, a method of forming a kesterite absorber material on a substrate includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a first kesterite material on the substrate using a vapor phase deposition process, wherein the first kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se; annealing the first kesterite material to crystallize the first kesterite material; and depositing a layer of a second kesterite material on a side of the first kesterite material opposite the substrate using a solution phase deposition process, wherein the second kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se, wherein the first kesterite material and the second kesterite material form a multi-layer stack of the absorber material on the substrate. A photovoltaic device and method of formation thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A hybrid vapor phase-solution phase CZT(S,Se) growth technique is provided. In one aspect, a method of forming a kesterite absorber material on a substrate includes the steps of: depositing a layer of a first kesterite material on the substrate using a vapor phase deposition process, wherein the first kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se; annealing the first kesterite material to crystallize the first kesterite material; and depositing a layer of a second kesterite material on a side of the first kesterite material opposite the substrate using a solution phase deposition process, wherein the second kesterite material includes Cu, Zn, Sn, and at least one of S and Se, wherein the first kesterite material and the second kesterite material form a multi-layer stack of the absorber material on the substrate. A photovoltaic device and method of formation thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a plurality of first axial electrodes, a plurality of second axial electrodes and trace region. The first axial electrodes extend along a first axial direction. The second axial electrodes extend along the first axial direction and disposed to insulatively correspond to the first axial electrodes. Each of the second axial electrodes includes a central electrode, and a plurality of first branch electrodes which are electrically coupled to the central electrode, and have areas different from one another. Each of the first branch electrodes overlaps a corresponding one of the first axial electrodes. The trace region is disposed at one side of the first and second axial electrodes along the first axial direction.