Abstract: An e-mail service system that maintains close cooperative interaction with a payment service system to provide the capability to control unsolicited e-mail messages commonly known as spam is coupled to an independent e-mail provider, typically by the ID/e-mail address and password on that independent e-mail account. Upon receiving messages from the independent e-mail provider, the e-mail service system checks whether this sender either has paid at least the preset amount by the recipient or is on the recipient's exception list. If both are negative, the e-mail will be rejected with an e-mail notification. The rejection e-mail can be sent to this sender of the original e-mail either directly from the e-mail service system or alternatively through the independent e-mail system. The payment to the recipient can be automatically cancelled when the recipient replies to the e-mail or adds the sender to the exception list.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle assembly includes a nozzle body that defines a nozzle outlet. A needle valve member is positioned in the nozzle body and moveable between a first position in which the nozzle outlet is blocked and a second position in which the nozzle outlet is open. At least one of the nozzle body and the needle valve member define a first chamber fluidly connected to a second chamber by at least one dual flow rate orifice. The needle valve member displaces fluid from the first chamber into the second chamber through the at least one dual flow rate orifice when moving from its first position to its second position. The dual flow rate orifice is sized and shaped to produce a flow restriction and to slow the movement of the needle valve member when moving from its closed position to its open position, but permit relatively unrestricted displacement flow in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A hydraulically-actuated fuel injector includes an injector body that defines an actuation fluid inlet, a first actuation fluid passage, a second actuation fluid passage, a fuel inlet and a nozzle outlet. A solenoid actuated control valve is attached to the injector body and includes a spool valve member moveable between a first position and a second position. The actuation fluid inlet is closed to the first actuation fluid passage and open to the second actuation fluid passage when the spool valve member is in its first position. The actuation fluid inlet is open to the first actuation fluid passage and closed to the second actuation fluid passage when the spool valve member is in its second position. A piston is positioned in the injector body and moveable between a retracted position and an advanced position. The piston has an upper end exposed to fluid pressure in the first actuation fluid passage.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body that defines a nozzle outlet, and a needle control chamber that is in fluid communication with a needle control passage. A needle valve member is positioned in the injector body, and has a closing hydraulic surface exposed to fluid pressure in the needle control chamber. The needle valve member is moveable between a first position in which the nozzle outlet is blocked, and a second position in which the nozzle outlet is open. The needle control passage includes a dual flow rate orifice. Hydraulic fluid is displaced into the needle control chamber through the dual flow rate orifice when the needle valve member moves from its second position toward its first position. Hydraulic fluid is displaced out of the needle control chamber through the dual flow rate orifice when the needle valve member moves from its first position toward its second position. A compression spring is operably positioned to bias the needle valve member toward its first position.

Abstract: A hydraulically-actuated fuel injector includes an injector body that defines a high pressure inlet, a low pressure drain, an upper actuation fluid cavity, a lower actuation fluid cavity, and a nozzle outlet. A piston is positioned in the injector body and moveable between a retracted position and an advanced position. A control valve is attached in the injector body and includes a spool valve member that is moveable between a first position and a second position. When the spool valve member is in its first position, the piston is biased toward its retracted position since the upper actuation fluid cavity is open to the low pressure drain, but the lower actuation fluid cavity is open to the high pressure inlet. During an injection event, the spool valve member is moved to its second position where the upper actuation fluid cavity is open to the high pressure inlet, but the lower actuation fluid cavity is open to the low pressure drain.

Abstract: The fill metered hydraulically actuated fuel injection system of the present invention utilizes an actuation fluid, preferably lubricating oil, as its actuation medium that is separate and different from the fuel fluid which is actually injected into the engine. Injectors according to the present invention are hydraulically actuated and include a conventional VOP type needle check, and fuel is pressurized by a plunger driven by an intensifier piston. The end of each injection event is achieved when the plunger and piston reach the end of their strokes, which provides for an abrupt end to each injection event. An abrupt end to injection is further accomplished by providing a pressure relief passage in the plunger that relieves pressure acting on the needle check at the end of injection in order to both quickly dissipate residual fuel pressure and allow the needle check to close more rapidly.

Abstract: A multipiece fuel pump plunger assembly for controlling the fuel injection rate and delivery during the initial injection portion of a fuel injection cycle for an internal combustion engine. The injector includes a two piece plunger assembly including a plunger and a plunger sleeve. The plunger having a small predetermined diameter and being slidably positioned within a plunger sleeve having a diameter greater than the diameter of the plunger. The multipiece plunger is advantageous because it allows for shaping of the rate of fuel injected into the combustion process thereby reducing the excess fuel flow in the early portion of the injection cycle. Elimination of the excess fuel flow results in lower oxides of nitrogen and particulate exhaust emission levels and less engine noise.

Abstract: A multipiece fuel pump plunger assembly for controlling the fuel injection rate and delivery during the initial injection portion of a fuel injection cycle for an internal combustion engine. The injector includes a two piece plunger assembly including a plunger and a plunger sleeve. The plunger having a small predetermined diameter and being slidably positioned within a plunger sleeve having a diameter greater than the diameter of the plunger. The multipiece plunger is advantageous because it allows for shaping of the rate of fuel injected into the combustion process thereby reducing the excess fuel flow in the early portion of the injection cycle. Elimination of the excess fuel flow results in lower oxides of nitrogen and particulate exhaust emission levels and less engine noise.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle and tip assembly comprises a check housing having a central axis and defining a cavity therealong with at least one spray orifice at a first end portion of the cavity and a control port of a smaller diameter than the cavity at a second end portion of the cavity. A discharge passage of the housing opens into the cavity at the first end portion. A needle check is disposed in the cavity and has an end portion operably engaging the first end portion of the cavity and operably blocking the orifice in a first position. A control port check is also disposed in the cavity for operable movement between a first position against the second end portion of the cavity blocking fluid flow through the control port and a second position spaced from the second end portion of the cavity permitting fluid flow through the control port.

Abstract: A fuel injector comprises a casing, a barrel, a piston, a plunger, a nozzle, a needle check and needle check spring, a rate shaping valve and a rate shaping valve spring. The barrel is disposed in the casing and defines a fuel plunger chamber as well as a rate shaping bore between the fuel plunger chamber and an outside of the barrel with a rate shaping valve seat therein. The plunger is disposed in part in the fuel plunger bore of the barrel. The nozzle is disposed in the casing and defines a tip of the fuel injector and also defines a fuel passage from the fuel plunger chamber to an injection orifice at an end of the tip. The needle check is disposed in the nozzle and operably blocks the orifice in a first position. A needle check spring is disposed in the nozzle between the needle check and a reaction member, biasing the check to the first position. The rate shaping valve is disposed in the rate shaping bore of the barrel.