Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon device is described. The liquid crystal on silicon device includes a plurality of mirror electrodes, a transparent electrode, a liquid crystal material, and a plurality of microlenses. The plurality of mirror electrodes are arranged periodically to form an array of pixels, each pixel included in the array of pixels configurable to reflect incident light. The transparent electrode is optically aligned with the plurality of mirror electrodes. The liquid crystal material is disposed between the transparent electrode and the plurality of mirror electrodes. The plurality of microlenses are optically aligned with the plurality of mirror electrodes. Each microlens included in the plurality of microlenses is positioned to focus the incident light on a respective one of the plurality of mirror electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display device and an electronic device are disclosed. The LCOS display device includes a wafer substrate and a pixel electrode layer over the wafer substrate. The pixel electrode layer comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes, and a reflector stack or at least a stack comprised of, stacked vertically downward, a first high refractive index insulating layer and a first low refractive index insulating layer is arranged between every adjacent two pixel electrodes. By arranging the reflector stacks or stacked layers (in the gaps) between adjacent pixel electrodes, the gaps exhibit higher reflectivity and produce less diffraction noise.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display device and an electronic device are disclosed. The LCOS display device includes a wafer substrate and a pixel electrode layer over the wafer substrate. The pixel electrode layer comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes, and a reflector stack or at least a stack comprised of, stacked vertically downward, a first high refractive index insulating layer and a first low refractive index insulating layer is arranged between every adjacent two pixel electrodes. By arranging the reflector stacks or stacked layers (in the gaps) between adjacent pixel electrodes, the gaps exhibit higher reflectivity and produce less diffraction noise.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon device is described. The liquid crystal on silicon device includes a plurality of mirror electrodes, a transparent electrode, a liquid crystal material, and a plurality of microlenses. The plurality of mirror electrodes are arranged periodically to form an array of pixels, each pixel included in the array of pixels configurable to reflect incident light. The transparent electrode is optically aligned with the plurality of mirror electrodes. The liquid crystal material is disposed between the transparent electrode and the plurality of mirror electrodes. The plurality of microlenses are optically aligned with the plurality of mirror electrodes. Each microlens included in the plurality of microlenses is positioned to focus the incident light on a respective one of the plurality of mirror electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) panel comprises: a silicon substrate having silicon circuit within the silicon substrate; a plurality of metal electrodes disposed on the silicon substrate, where the plurality of metal electrodes are periodically formed on the silicon substrate; a dielectric material disposed in and filling gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; and an oxide layer disposed on the plurality of metal electrodes and the dielectric material in the gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; where the refractive index of the dielectric material is higher than the refractive index of the oxide layer.

Abstract: A reflective semiconductor device includes integrated circuitry disposed in a semiconductor layer. A first plurality of mirrors is formed in a mirror layer over the semiconductor layer, and each of the first plurality of mirrors is spaced apart from one another by at least a uniform width. A thin dielectric film layer covers sidewalls of the first plurality of mirrors and the semiconductor layer in the regions between the spaced apart first plurality of mirrors. A second plurality of mirrors are formed in the mirror layer between the thin dielectric film layer covered sidewalls of the first plurality of mirrors and over the thin dielectric film layer covering the semiconductor layer. Each one of the first and second plurality of mirrors has the uniform width, and is coupled to the integrated circuitry disposed in the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a display area and a border area at least partially surrounding the display area, where the display area displays images for viewing and the border area displays display-protection images, which are used to control ion migration in the liquid crystal layer. In a more particular embodiment, the border area displays a series of checkerboard pattern(s), where the checkerboard patterns can alternate between initial and inverted values. The display-protection images protect the liquid crystal display from migrating ions accumulating in particular regions of the pixel array and causing permanent defects in the display area. A liquid crystal display that includes a liquid crystal alignment layer having a plurality of liquid crystal alignment directions is also disclosed. The customized liquid crystal alignment director(s) over the border area promote ion migration away from the display area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a display area and a border area at least partially surrounding the display area, where the display area displays images for viewing and the border area displays display-protection images, which are used to control ion migration in the liquid crystal layer. In a more particular embodiment, the border area displays a series of checkerboard pattern(s), where the checkerboard patterns can alternate between initial and inverted values. The display-protection images protect the liquid crystal display from migrating ions accumulating in particular regions of the pixel array and causing permanent defects in the display area. A liquid crystal display that includes a liquid crystal alignment layer having a plurality of liquid crystal alignment directions is also disclosed. The customized liquid crystal alignment director(s) over the border area promote ion migration away from the display area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) panel comprises: a silicon substrate having silicon circuit within the silicon substrate; a plurality of metal electrodes disposed on the silicon substrate, where the plurality of metal electrodes are periodically formed on the silicon substrate; a dielectric material disposed in and filling gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; and an oxide layer disposed on the plurality of metal electrodes and the dielectric material in the gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; where the refractive index of the dielectric material is higher than the refractive index of the oxide layer.

Abstract: An alignment layer for a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display includes a nano-particle layer. In a particular embodiment the nano-particle layer includes a lower nano-layer and an upper nano-layer, each formed onto oxide layers of the LCOS display. In a more particular embodiment, the lower nano-layer and the upper nano-layer are offset printed onto the oxide layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a display area and a border area at least partially surrounding the display area, where the display area displays images for viewing and the border area displays display-protection images, which are used to control ion migration in the liquid crystal layer. In a more particular embodiment, the border area displays a series of checkerboard pattern(s), where the checkerboard patterns can alternate between initial and inverted values. The display-protection images protect the liquid crystal display from migrating ions accumulating in particular regions of the pixel array and causing permanent defects in the display area. A liquid crystal display that includes a liquid crystal alignment layer having a plurality of liquid crystal alignment directions is also disclosed. The customized liquid crystal alignment director(s) over the border area promote ion migration away from the display area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a display area and a border area at least partially surrounding the display area, where the display area displays images for viewing and the border area displays display-protection images, which are used to control ion migration in the liquid crystal layer. In a more particular embodiment, the border area displays a series of checkerboard pattern(s), where the checkerboard patterns can alternate between initial and inverted values. The display-protection images protect the liquid crystal display from migrating ions accumulating in particular regions of the pixel array and causing permanent defects in the display area. A liquid crystal display that includes a liquid crystal alignment layer having a plurality of liquid crystal alignment directions is also disclosed. The customized liquid crystal alignment director(s) over the border area promote ion migration away from the display area.

Abstract: An alignment layer for a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) display includes a nano-particle layer. In a particular embodiment the nano-particle layer includes a lower nano-layer and an upper nano-layer, each formed onto oxide layers of the LCOS display. In a more particular embodiment, the lower nano-layer and the upper nano-layer are offset printed onto the oxide layers.

Abstract: Electro-optical devices utilizing alternative transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers, such as aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) and gallium zinc oxide (GZO), and indium composites, are able to replace traditional indium-tin-oxide (ITO) TCOs. As a result, the electro-optical devices of the embodiments of the present invention are able to achieve high operating performance, including: high light transmittance, fast response times and low applied voltages, which are comparable to those of electro-optical devices using (ITO) coated substrates, while also being low-cost.