Abstract: A high-insulation multilayer planar transformer (1) includes a pair of iron cores (20) and a circuit board integration (10a). The circuit board integration (10a) is stacked between the iron cores (20) and has a through hole (100a). The circuit board integration (10a) includes a first to a third insulating layers (11a, 12a, 14a) and a first to a second coil windings (13a, 15a). The first and third insulating layers (11a, 14a) include at least two insulating plates (111a, 141a) stacked with each other respectively. The second insulating layer (12a) includes at least one insulating plate (121a). The coil winding (13a, 15a) is disposed between the adjacent insulating layers and surrounds the through hole (100a) planarly. Therefore, the reinforced insulation requirement of safety regulations may be achieved.

Abstract: An improved switching power converting apparatus (10) includes a power converting circuit (102), a sampling circuit (104), a signal gain adjustment circuit (106), a frequency limiting circuit (108) and a pulse width modulation controller (110). The sampling circuit (104) is configured to detect the power converting circuit (102) to obtain a sampled signal (Vs) and transmit the sampled signal (Vs) to the signal gain adjustment circuit (106). The signal gain adjustment circuit (106) is configured to adjust the sampled signal (Vs) to obtain a control signal (Vcon) and transmit the control signal (Vcon) to the frequency limiting circuit (108). The pulse width modulation controller (110) is configured to control an operating frequency of the pulse width modulation controller (110) based on the control signal (Vcon).

Abstract: A novel power supply apparatus (10) includes a microcontroller (102) and a plurality of voltage converters (104). If the voltage converters (104) are in a boost mode and a plurality of duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) calculated by the microcontroller (102) are less than 0.5, the microcontroller (102) is configured to limit at least one of the duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) to 0.5. If the voltage converters (104) are in a buck mode and the duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) calculated by the microcontroller (102) are greater than 0.5, the microcontroller (102) is configured to limit at least one of the duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) to 0.5.

Abstract: A novel power supply apparatus (10) includes a microcontroller (102) and a plurality of voltage converters (104). If the voltage converters (104) are in a boost mode and a plurality of duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) calculated by the microcontroller (102) are less than 0.5, the microcontroller (102) is configured to limit at least one of the duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) to 0.5. If the voltage converters (104) are in a buck mode and the duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) calculated by the microcontroller (102) are greater than 0.5, the microcontroller (102) is configured to limit at least one of the duty cycles of the voltage converters (104) to 0.5.

Abstract: A transformer apparatus reducing magnetic field interference includes an iron core, a first side coil unit, a second side coil unit, a first current transmission line, a second current transmission line and a third current transmission line. Both the first side coil unit and the second side coil unit are wound around the iron core. The first side coil unit is connected to the first current transmission line and the second current transmission line. The second current transmission line is connected to the third current transmission line. The first current transmission line includes a first current conduction segment and a first insulation layer. The first insulation layer coats the first current conduction segment. The third current transmission line includes a second current conduction segment and a second insulation layer. The second insulation layer coats the second current conduction segment. The second insulation layer touches the first insulation layer.

Abstract: A power converter includes a first contact, a second contact, a third contact, a fourth contact, a first ground contact, a second ground contact, a transformer, and a first switching element to a fifth switching element. The first switching element to the fifth switching element is controllable to switch on or off to form a first configuration and a second configuration, wherein the first configuration allows a power input to the first contact to be transmitted to the third contact through a first side of the transformer, and the second configuration allows a power input to the second contact to be transmitted to the fourth contact through the first side to a second side of the transformer, thereby to distribute the DC power in the same circuit structure.

Abstract: A system may comprise a printed circuit board (PCB) including a top surface, and a bracket including a top surface configured to receive and couple to a key switch and a bottom surface including at least two protrusions that extend normal to the bottom surface of the bracket. The bracket can be configured to mount to the PCB such that the bottom surface of the bracket is coupled to the top surface of the PCB, and the at least two protrusions may each include conductive leads that couple to the top surface of the PCB. The bracket is configured to only cover a portion of a bottom surface of the key switch when coupled to the key switch. An LED can be mounted to the top surface of the PCB, laterally adjacent to the bracket, and under the key switch at a location not covered by the bracket.

Abstract: A frequency-locked circuit for a variable frequency topology is configured to trigger a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller to lock a frequency of a driving signal outputted by the PWM controller. The frequency-locked circuit includes an AC wave generating circuit and a comparator. The AC wave generating circuit receives and converts the driving signal to generate an AC wave signal. The comparator is electrically connected to the AC wave generating circuit and receives the AC wave signal. The comparator compares the AC wave signal with a reference signal to generate a comparison output signal. In response to determining that the AC wave signal is greater than the reference signal, the comparison output signal triggers the PWM controller to convert the driving signal from one voltage level to another voltage level so as to lock the frequency. The one voltage level is different from the another voltage level.

Abstract: A system may comprise a printed circuit board (PCB) including a top surface, and a bracket including a top surface configured to receive and couple to a key switch and a bottom surface including at least two protrusions that extend normal to the bottom surface of the bracket. The bracket can be configured to mount to the PCB such that the bottom surface of the bracket is coupled to the top surface of the PCB, and the at least two protrusions may each include conductive leads that couple to the top surface of the PCB. The bracket is configured to only cover a portion of a bottom surface of the key switch when coupled to the key switch. An LED can be mounted to the top surface of the PCB, laterally adjacent to the bracket, and under the key switch at a location not covered by the bracket.

Abstract: A system may comprise a printed circuit board (PCB) including a top surface, and a bracket including a top surface configured to receive and couple to a key switch and a bottom surface including at least two protrusions that extend normal to the bottom surface of the bracket. The bracket can be configured to mount to the PCB such that the bottom surface of the bracket is coupled to the top surface of the PCB, and the at least two protrusions may each include conductive leads that couple to the top surface of the PCB. The bracket is configured to only cover a portion of a bottom surface of the key switch when coupled to the key switch. An LED can be mounted to the top surface of the PCB, laterally adjacent to the bracket, and under the key switch at a location not covered by the bracket.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus (10) suppressing a transient voltage is applied to an input voltage (50). The power supply apparatus (10) includes a power supply circuit (20), a feedback signal generation circuit (30) and a feedback signal control circuit (40). If the power supply circuit (20) stops receiving the input voltage (50), the feedback signal control circuit (40) controls the feedback signal generation circuit (30) to discharge so that the feedback signal generation circuit (30) controls the power supply circuit (20) to decrease an output voltage (60), so that when the power supply circuit (20) receives the input voltage (50) again, the power supply circuit (20) avoids generating an output overvoltage condition for the output voltage (60).

Abstract: A high-insulation multilayer planar transformer (1) includes a pair of iron cores (20) and a circuit board integration (10a). The circuit board integration (10a) is stacked between the iron cores (20) and has a through hole (100a). The circuit board integration (10a) includes a first to a third insulating layers (11a, 12a, 14a) and a first to a second coil windings (13a, 15a). The first and third insulating layers (11a, 14a) include at least two insulating plates (111a, 141a) stacked with each other respectively. The second insulating layer (12a) includes at least one insulating plate (121a). The coil winding (13a, 15a) is disposed between the adjacent insulating layers and surrounds the through hole (100a) planarly. Therefore, the reinforced insulation requirement of safety regulations may be achieved.

Abstract: A transformer apparatus reducing magnetic field interference includes an iron core, a first side coil unit, a second side coil unit, a first current transmission line, a second current transmission line and a third current transmission line. Both the first side coil unit and the second side coil unit are wound around the iron core. The first side coil unit is connected to the first current transmission line and the second current transmission line. The second current transmission line is connected to the third current transmission line. The first current transmission line includes a first current conduction segment and a first insulation layer. The first insulation layer coats the first current conduction segment. The third current transmission line includes a second current conduction segment and a second insulation layer. The second insulation layer coats the second current conduction segment. The second insulation layer touches the first insulation layer.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus (10) suppressing a transient voltage is applied to an input voltage (50). The power supply apparatus (10) includes a power supply circuit (20), a feedback signal generation circuit (30) and a feedback signal control circuit (40). If the power supply circuit (20) stops receiving the input voltage (50), the feedback signal control circuit (40) controls the feedback signal generation circuit (30) to discharge so that the feedback signal generation circuit (30) controls the power supply circuit (20) to decrease an output voltage (60), so that when the power supply circuit (20) receives the input voltage (50) again, the power supply circuit (20) avoids generating an output overvoltage condition for the output voltage (60).

Abstract: A control circuit having extended hold-up time is coupled to a bus path of a conversion circuit. The control circuit includes a bypass circuit, an energy storage capacitor, and an auxiliary power circuit. The auxiliary power circuit supplies an energy storage voltage to the energy storage capacitor according to a working voltage provided by the conversion circuit. When a bus voltage of the bus path is less than or equal to the energy storage voltage, the energy storage voltage is supplied to the bus path through the bypass circuit so that the bus voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage within a hold-up time.

Abstract: A method of assembling an inverter structure (1) includes: winding a coil set (12) around a bobbin (11), the bobbin (11) including a first side (11a) and a second side (11b) opposite to each other; inserting a first core pillar (21) of a first iron core (20) into a through hole (110) of the bobbin (11); sequentially placing a first insulation body (30), a middle iron core (40) and a second insulation body (50) into the through hole (110) from a second side (11b) of the bobbin (11); and inserting a second core pillar (61) of a second iron core (60) into the through hole (110) from the second side (11b) of the bobbin (11) and arranging the second core pillar (61) to be in contact with the second insulation body (50).

Abstract: An under voltage protection device includes a voltage detector and a starting unit. The voltage detector includes a diode, a variable resistor, a transistor and a fixed-resistance resistor. The starting unit includes a second transistor. When a voltage of the external voltage source is smaller than a voltage of the diode, a voltage between an emitter node and an collector node of the first transistor is smaller than a threshold voltage present between a gate node of and a source node of the second transistor such that the starting unit is turned off. When the voltage of the external voltage source is larger than the voltage of the diode, the voltage between the emitter node and the collector node is larger than the threshold voltage present between the gate node and the source node such that the starting unit is turned on.

Abstract: An under voltage protection device includes a voltage detector and a starting unit. The voltage detector includes a diode, a variable resistor, a transistor and a fixed-resistance resistor. The starting unit includes a second transistor. When a voltage of the external voltage source is smaller than a voltage of the diode, a voltage between an emitter node and an collector node of the first transistor is smaller than a threshold voltage present between a gate node of and a source node of the second transistor such that the starting unit is turned off. When the voltage of the external voltage source is larger than the voltage of the diode, the voltage between the emitter node and the collector node is larger than the threshold voltage present between the gate node and the source node such that the starting unit is turned on.

Abstract: A miniaturized voltage-transforming device includes a first circuit board and a second circuit board parallel to and separated from each other by a predetermined distance so that there is no physical connection therebetween, and a transformer having a plurality of primary-side pins and a plurality of secondary-side pins, wherein the transformer is located beside the first circuit board and the second circuit board, and has its primary-side pins and secondary-side pins directly or indirectly connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board physically, so that the transformer is electrically connected to the first circuit board and the second circuit board via the primary-side pins and the secondary-side pins.

Abstract: An ultralow no-load conduction loss DC converter includes a DC power source, a transformer having a first winding, a first MOSET and a PWM controller at the primary side and a second winding, a third winding, a drive control unit, a rectifier unit and a second MOSFET at the secondary side. The second MOSFET, the drive control unit and the rectifier unit constitutes a combination circuit electrically coupled between one end of the second winding and one end of the third winding. The second MOSFET has set therein a body diode. The second winding and the second MOSFET forms a combination circuit electrically connected to a load. Thus, the decision to turn off the drive control unit is made at the secondary side so that non-load conduction loss can be minimized.