Abstract: A method for producing a neutrons includes triggering a raising or a lowering of a temperature of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C. to produce a voltage of negative polarity of at least ?100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto. A deuterium ion source is pulsed to produce a deuterium ion beam. The accelerating of the deuterium ion beam is achieved by accelerating voltage of the pyroelectric crystal toward the deuterated or tritiated target to produce neutrons. Furthermore, the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the deuterium ion source are coupled to a common support. The method also includes throwing the common support housing the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the deuterium ion source near an unknown threat for identification thereof.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, a method of forming a vertical device is provided. The method includes: providing a protrusion over a substrate; forming an etch stop layer over the protrusion; laterally etching a sidewall of the etch stop layer; forming an insulating layer over the etch stop layer; forming a film layer over the insulating layer and the etch stop layer; performing chemical mechanical polishing on the film layer and exposing the etch stop layer; etching a portion of the etch stop layer to expose a top surface of the protrusion; forming an oxide layer over the protrusion and the film layer; and performing chemical mechanical polishing on the oxide layer and exposing the film layer.

Abstract: A layout of a semiconductor memory device includes a substrate and a ternary content addressable memory (TCAM). The TCAM is disposed on the substrate and includes a plurality of TCAM bit cells, where at least two of the TCAM bit cells are mirror-symmetrical along an axis of symmetry, and each of the TCAM bit cells includes two storage units electrically connected to two word lines respectively, and a logic circuit electrically connected to the storage units. The logic circuit includes two first reading transistors, and two second reading transistors, where each of the second reading transistors includes a gate and source and drain regions, the source and drain regions of the second reading transistors are electrically connected to two matching lines and the first reading transistors, respectively, where the word lines are disposed parallel to and between the matching lines.

Abstract: A method for producing a neutrons includes producing a voltage of negative polarity of at least ?100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target in response to a temperature change of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C., the pyroelectric crystal having the deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto, pulsing a deuterium ion source to produce a deuterium ion beam, accelerating the deuterium ion beam to the deuterated or tritiated target, and directing the ion beam onto the deuterated or tritiated target to make neutrons using at least one element of the following: a voltage of the pyroelectric crystal and a high gradient insulator (HGI) surrounding the pyroelectric crystal. The accelerating of the deuterium ion beam is achieved by using an ion accelerating mechanism comprising a pyroelectric stack accelerator having a first thermal altering mechanism for changing a temperature of the pyroelectric stack accelerator.

Abstract: A method for producing a neutrons includes producing a voltage of negative polarity of at least ?100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target in response to a temperature change of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C., the pyroelectric crystal having the deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto, pulsing a deuterium ion source to produce a deuterium ion beam, accelerating the deuterium ion beam to the deuterated or tritiated target, and directing the ion beam onto the deuterated or tritiated target to make neutrons using at least one element of the following: a voltage of the pyroelectric crystal and a high gradient insulator (HGI) surrounding the pyroelectric crystal. The accelerating of the deuterium ion beam is achieved by using an ion accelerating mechanism comprising a pyroelectric stack accelerator having a first thermal altering mechanism for changing a temperature of the pyroelectric stack accelerator.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for producing a directed neutron beam includes producing a voltage of negative polarity of at least ?100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target in response to a temperature change of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C., the pyroelectric crystal having the deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto, pulsing a deuterium ion source to produce a deuterium ion beam, accelerating the deuterium ion beam to the deuterated or tritiated target to produce a neutron beam, and directing the ion beam onto the deuterated or tritiated target to make neutrons using at least one of a voltage of the pyroelectric crystal, and a high gradient insulator (HGI) surrounding the pyroelectric crystal. The directionality of the neutron beam is controlled by changing the accelerating voltage of the system. Other methods are presented as well.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for photoconductive switch package configurations. In some aspects, a photoconductive switch package includes of a wide bandgap photoconductive material (e.g., GaN, ZnO, diamond, AlN, SiC, BN, etc.), a source for energetic photons (e.g., a laser), a mechanism to couple the laser into the switch, and a mechanism for high voltage to enter and leave the switch package. In some implementations, the disclosed photoconductive switch packages can be configured as a three terminal device, e.g., similar to transistors, with one of the terminals being laser input or the voltage input to the laser system.

Abstract: An array substrate can include a plurality of thin film transistors, a plurality of function lines, a plurality of leads, a coupling part and a driver. The plurality of function lines are configured to transmit driving signals to the thin film transistors. The plurality of leads include a first lead and a second lead. The coupling part is electrically coupling the leads to the function lines. The driver is electrically coupled to the leads, and configured to provide the driving signals to the function lines. The first lead has a length larger than that of the second lead. A contacting area between the first lead and the coupling part is larger than that between the second lead and the coupling part. A display panel with the array substrate is also provided.

Abstract: A TFT array substrate for a TFT LCD includes a plurality of pixels each consisting of a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a white sub-pixel arranged in a 2×2 matrix. Two data lines are located between each two neighboring columns of the sub-pixels. A scan line is located between two neighboring rows of the sub-pixels. The sub-pixels are driven by column inversion. The scan lines in electrical connections with different rows of the pixels are turned on successively along a vertical direction. Two neighboring same colored sub-pixels in a same row of the sub-pixels have opposite polarities and two neighboring same colored sub-pixel in a same column of the sub-pixels respectively have the same polarity when the TFT LCD is operated to output a screen having a color the same as the color of the two neighboring same colored sub-pixels.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for photoconductive switch package configurations. In some aspects, a photoconductive switch package includes of a wide bandgap photoconductive material (e.g., GaN, ZnO, diamond, AlN, SiC, BN, etc.), a source for energetic photons (e.g., a laser), a mechanism to couple the laser into the switch, and a mechanism for high voltage to enter and leave the switch package. In some implementations, the disclosed photoconductive switch packages can be configured as a three terminal device, e.g., similar to transistors, with one of the terminals being laser input or the voltage input to the laser system.

Abstract: A display panel includes a TFT substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first display area, and a second display area. The opposite substrate is opposite to the TFT substrate. The liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the opposite substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. A horizontal electric field is formed in a portion of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first display area. A vertical electric field is formed in the other portion of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the second display area. When the display panel is powered on, a portion of the liquid crystal molecules in one of the horizontal electric field and the vertical electric field are rotated, and the other portion of liquid crystal molecules in the other one of the horizontal electric field and the vertical electric field are rotated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a pyroelectric crystal, a deuterated or tritiated target, an ion source, and a common support coupled to the pyroelectric crystal, the deuterated or tritiated target, and the ion source. In another embodiment, a method includes producing a voltage of negative polarity on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target in response to a temperature change of a pyroelectric crystal, pulsing a deuterium ion source to produce a deuterium ion beam, accelerating the deuterium ion beam to the deuterated or tritiated target to produce a neutron beam, and directing the ion beam onto the deuterated or tritiated target to make neutrons using a voltage of the pyroelectric crystal and/or an HGI surrounding the pyroelectric crystal. The directionality of the neutron beam is controlled by changing the accelerating voltage of the system. Other apparatuses and methods are presented as well.

Abstract: An array substrate can include a plurality of thin film transistors, a plurality of function lines, a plurality of leads, a coupling part and a driver. The plurality of function lines are configured to transmit driving signals to the thin film transistors. The plurality of leads include a first lead and a second lead. The coupling part is electrically coupling the leads to the function lines. The driver is electrically coupled to the leads, and configured to provide the driving signals to the function lines. The first lead has a length larger than that of the second lead. A contacting area between the first lead and the coupling part is larger than that between the second lead and the coupling part. A display panel with the array substrate is also provided.

Abstract: A TFT array substrate for a TFT LCD includes a plurality of pixels each consisting of a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a white sub-pixel arranged in a 2×2 matrix. Two data lines are located between each two neighboring columns of the sub-pixels. A scan line is located between two neighboring rows of the sub-pixels. The sub-pixels are driven by column inversion. The scan lines in electrical connections with different rows of the pixels are turned on successively along a vertical direction. Two neighboring same colored sub-pixels in a same row of the sub-pixels have opposite polarities and two neighboring same colored sub-pixel in a same column of the sub-pixels respectively have the same polarity when the TFT LCD is operated to output a screen having a color the same as the color of the two neighboring same colored sub-pixels.

Abstract: A TFT array substrate for a TFT LCD includes a plurality of pixels each consisting of a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a white sub-pixel arranged in a 2×2 matrix. Two data lines are located between each two neighboring columns of the sub-pixels. A scan line is located between two neighboring rows of the sub-pixels. The sub-pixels are driven by column inversion. The scan lines in electrical connections with different rows of the pixels are turned on successively along a vertical direction. Two neighboring same colored sub-pixels in a same row of the sub-pixels and two neighboring same colored sub-pixel in a same column of the sub-pixels respectively have opposite polarities when the TFT LCD is operated to output a screen having a color the same as the color of the two neighboring same colored sub-pixels.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for producing a directed neutron beam includes producing a voltage of negative polarity of at least ?100 keV on a surface of a deuterated or tritiated target in response to a temperature change of a pyroelectric crystal of less than about 40° C., the pyroelectric crystal having the deuterated or tritiated target coupled thereto, pulsing a deuterium ion source to produce a deuterium ion beam, accelerating the deuterium ion beam to the deuterated or tritiated target to produce a neutron beam, and directing the ion beam onto the deuterated or tritiated target to make neutrons using at least one of a voltage of the pyroelectric crystal, and a high gradient insulator (HGI) surrounding the pyroelectric crystal. The directionality of the neutron beam is controlled by changing the accelerating voltage of the system. Other methods are presented as well.

Abstract: A TFT array substrate for a TFT LCD includes a plurality of pixels each consisting of a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a white sub-pixel arranged in a 2×2 matrix. Two data lines are located between each two neighboring columns of the sub-pixels. A scan line is located between two neighboring rows of the sub-pixels. The sub-pixels are driven by column inversion. The scan lines in electrical connections with different rows of the pixels are turned on successively along a vertical direction. Two neighboring same colored sub-pixels in a same row of the sub-pixels and two neighboring same colored sub-pixel in a same column of the sub-pixels respectively have opposite polarities when the TFT LCD is operated to output a screen having a color the same as the color of the two neighboring same colored sub-pixels.

Abstract: A display panel includes a TFT substrate, an opposite substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first display area, and a second display area. The opposite substrate is opposite to the TFT substrate. The liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the TFT substrate and the opposite substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. A horizontal electric field is formed in a portion of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the first display area. A vertical electric field is formed in the other portion of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the second display area. When the display panel is powered on, a portion of the liquid crystal molecules in one of the horizontal electric field and the vertical electric field are rotated, and the other portion of liquid crystal molecules in the other one of the horizontal electric field and the vertical electric field are rotated.

Abstract: Disclosed are the nanoparticle and the method for the same, and the preparing method includes steps of mixing polyethylenimine (PEI) with the poly(acrylic acid)-bound iron oxide (PAAIO) to form a PEI-PAAIO polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) and mixing the PEI-PAAIO PEC with genetic material such as plasmid DNA to form the PEI-PAAIO/pDNA magnetic nanoparticle. The PEI-PAAIO/pDNA magnetoplex is highly water dispersible and suitable for long term storage, shows superparamagnetism, low cytotoxicity, high stability and nice transfection efficiency, and thus the PEI-PAAIO PEC can replace PEI as a non-viral gene vector.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a gene carrier and the preparation method thereof. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is reacted with methacrylic anhydride (MA) to form chrondroitin sulfate-methacrylate (CSMA), which is further covalently bound with polyethylenimine (PEI) via the Michael addition to produce a CSMA-PEI gene carrier. The CSMA-PEI gene carrier can effectively reduce the cytotoxicity of PEI and enhance the transfection efficiency of PEI.